Njira zofalitsira za curators ndi nyengo: kudula, kugawa, kugawa chitsamba

Ma curators atha kutchedwa otchuka kwambiri okonda maluwa onse. Zipatso zake zonunkhira zimakhala bwino komanso zatsopano zamkati, ndipo kuyambira masamba achinyamata ndi nthambi zamtengo wapatali zimapezeka. Sikovuta kukula chikhalidwe, ndizotheka kwa onse anzeru okhazikika komanso oyamba. Yesetsani ndipo mukukula zitsamba zingapo zamapiri pazabwino zanu. Komanso, kubereka kwake kumatha kugwiridwa pakokha.

Njira zofalitsira

Ma curators amatha kufalikira m'njira zingapo, chilichonse chimakhala ndi zopindulitsa komanso zovuta zake. Potsogozedwa ndi malingaliro athu, mutha kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yoswana.

Kudula currants

Kudula kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yolera. Koma apa, monga mu ntchito ina iliyonse, malamulo ena ayenera kusamalidwa:

1. Pakudula mitengo, ma tchire okhala ndi zokolola zambiri, osakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda, amasankhidwa.
2. Sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nsonga za mphukira, popeza alibe nthawi yakukhwima kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, tizirombo ndi bowa wa pathogenic nthawi zambiri timapitilirabe.
3. Ndikofunikira kusiya masamba kuchokera kudulidwe kuti mupewe chinyezi.
4. Ndikwabwino kudula nthambi ndi pruner kapena mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri.
   

   Gwiritsani ntchito kudulira mitengo kuti mudule.

Kufalitsa ndi kudula lignified

Nthambi za currant wazaka 2 mpaka 4 ndizoyenera kwambiri kudula kwamtunduwu. Zodulidwa zidagwa kumapeto, kuyambira Seputembara 10 mpaka Okutobala 10. Matsiku amtsogolo amachepetsa kupulumuka kwa mbewu.

Kutalika kwa malowo ndi pafupi 12-15 cm, aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi impso za 5-6. Gawo lotsikirako ndi lopindika, lomwe lili pansi pa impso, lomwe lili pamwamba kwambiri, molunjika, masentimita 1.5 pamwamba pa impso.

Zidutswa zozika mizu zizikhala ndi kutalika kwa 12-15 cm

Asanabzike, ndi bwino kugwira zodula mu cholembera chowonjezera chomwe chimalimbikitsa mapangidwe a mizu (Heteroauxin, Ribav-owonjezera, Kornevin, Epin).

Kubowola kumachitika molingana ndi chiwembu chotsatira:

1. Konzani bedi pasadakhale kuti mudzadule mtsogolo: kukumba dothi, manyowa ndi humus ndikuthirira.
2. Ngati zodulidwazo zidakonzedwa kale, ziikeni m'madzi kapena pindani pakanthawi pang'ono kuti muchepetse kuwuma.
3. Bzalani mitengo yokonzedwa pansi, ndikuwona mipata 50 cm pakati pa mizere ndi 8-10 masentimita pakati pa mbande. Pamwamba pakhale impso ziwiri, ndipo imodzi mwa izo - ili pansi. Dziwani kuti ndibwino kuyika zodula pamalo otsetsereka a 45 °, kulowera kumpoto kupita kumwera. Chifukwa chake mizereyo idzayatsidwa bwino ndi dzuwa.
   

   Zidula zimafunika kubzalidwe pamtunda wa 45 °, ndikuwona mtunda wa 8-10 cm

4. Finyani zidutswazo ndi dothi ndikuzipangika kuti ma voids zisapangike.
5. Zitatha izi, muyenera kuthirira mundawo, kuwaza ndi feteleza wachilengedwe ndi mulch.
   

   Mutabzala, ma currant odula amafunika kuthiriridwa ndikufundidwa ndi mulch

6. Kudula mizu bwino, kuphimba ndi film yakuda, ndikukoka pa arcs. Nthawi ndi nthawi konzani mpweya wabwino pochotsa kanemayo pamabedi kwa mphindi 15-30.

Kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Disembala, odulidwa amatha kuzika mizu bwino. Chapakatikati, mutangolima nthaka, mbande zazing'ono zimayamba kukula. Ndipo pakugwa, mukuyenera kumera zitsamba zodzaza bwino zomwe zingabzalidwe m'malo okhazikika.

Zidula zodulidwa m'dzinja zimatha kusungidwa nthawi yozizira, ndikukonzekera kubzala kumayambiriro kwamasika. Amakumba mu greenhouse kapena njira yogwiritsa ntchito bwino - matalala. Chifukwa cha izi, zodulidwazo zimazisunga mu bokosi ndikuzikulunga ndi chisanu.

Kufalikira ndikudula madzi

Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe nthawi yodzala masamba odulira, mutha kumera mbande zokhala ndi mizu yolimba ngakhale isanayambike kutentha. Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:

1. Mu February - Marichi, ikani zadulidwa kukolola mu kugwa mitsuko yamadzi. Mizu pa iwo imapangidwa pambuyo masiku 10.
2. Onani mosamala kakulidwe: pamene muzu waukulu kwambiri utakula mpaka 12 cm, ikani zodulidwazo mu ziwiya zodzadza ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi chilengedwe. Bowola maenje angapo pansi kuti madzi owonjezera asatalike.
   

   Mizu ya zodula za currant zomwe zakhala ndi mizu imafunika kubzalidwe mumipanda yodzazidwa ndi mchere wosakaniza

3. Choyamba, perekani kuthirira kambiri kuti dziko lapansi lithe kusinthasintha zonona wowawasa. Patatha masiku 10 mutabzala, mutha kuchepetsa chinyezi chambiri pang'onopang'ono.
4. Sungani nthambi zokhala ndi nyumba m'nyumba mpaka Meyi. Kutalika kwa mphukira pa nthawi imeneyi kudzafika 50 cm.
5. Kenako, dulani mapaketiwo mwamphamvu kuti mizu yanu ikhale pansi. Bzalani tchire lobiriwira panjira yomweyo.

Saplings wamkulu mwanjira imeneyi amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kopulumuka, amakula bwino ndikubala zipatso.

Vidiyo: Udzu wadzuwa m'madzi

Momwe mungafalitsire ma currants ndi odulidwa obiriwira ndi chidutswa cha nkhuni

Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe (mpaka pakati pa Juni), njira yofalitsira imayikidwa ndi masamba obiriwira. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, mphukira zazing'ono zimakula mpaka 10-20 cm, ndipo ndizotheka kale kudula kwa iwo. Njira yofikira ikuphatikiza magawo angapo:

1. Pa chitsamba cha chiberekero, sankhani nthambi zingapo zam'mimba ndikuzidula kumunsi. Kwa odulidwa, muyenera kungotenga kakang'ono pachaka, ndikusiya kachidutswa kakang'ono ka nthambi kuchokera kunthambi ya kholo (zosaposa 5 cm). Masamba safunika kuchotsedwa.
   

   Kudula kobiriwira, ndikusiya gawo lamatabwa kuchokera kunthambi ya kholo

2. Dulani zodulira pabedi, ndikuwona mtunda wa 10-15 masentimita pakati pawo. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi cm 20. Dothi liyenera kuthiridwa kaye bwino.
3. Zomera zodula molimba kwambiri. Pindani pang'ono nthambi yolumikizana ndi nthambi ndikutsitsa pansi ndi kuphimba ndi masentimita 3-4. Phimbani bedi ndi mulch.
4. Thirirani nthaka osachepera 2 pa tsiku kwa masabata 2-3 mutabzala. Mizu ikayamba kuphukira, kuthirira kumatha kuchitika kamodzi pakapita masiku atatu, kenako ndikunyowetsani dothi mokwanira.

Zidutswa zomwe zimakula motere zimamera mu 50-90% ya milandu. Pofika nthawi yophukira, mbande zimapanga mizu yoyambira, ndipo mlengalenga mudzafika masentimita 40.

Green phesi ikupanga mizu ya nthambi yophukira

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Ambiri odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira yofalitsira ma currants mwa kuyala, poganiza kuti ndi yodalirika. Zigawo zitha kukhala zamitundu itatu:

• yopingasa
• ofukula
• sangalatsa.

Mtundu wobala zipatso kwambiri komanso wodziwika bwino ndiwowongoka. Ofukula amapereka mbande zambiri. Pachitatu, pali tchire pang'ono, koma ndi olimba kwambiri, okhala ndi mizu yoyambira.

Momwe mungapangire yopingasa

1. Ndi chiyambi chakumunda kwa masika, kufikira masamba atatseguka, ikani chizindikiro chachikulu kwambiri ndi mphukira zapachaka zazikulu kwambiri. Aphatikizeni kunthaka, konzani ndimapulogalamu ndikuphimba ndi dothi laling'ono lotayirira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya pamwamba pa mphukira pamtunda, kudula mpaka impso ziwiri.
   

   Kuti mupange malo oyimirira, pindani mphukira pansi ndikukhala otetezeka

2. Pakapita kanthawi, pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimakula 10-12 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka, zimayenera kutalikitsa mpaka kutalika kwa 4-6 cm.
3. Pambuyo pa masabata ena 2-3, mphukira zimafunikanso kuwazidwa ndi lapansi. Chifukwa chake, mizu imakula ndikulimba mwachangu.
4. Kuti mizu ipangidwe mokwanira ndi nthawi yophukira, perekani tchire ndi chinyezi chosatha.
5. Kuti mupeze mpweya wabwino, dulani dothi mwadongosolo, koma muzigwiritsa ntchito mosamala kuti muteteze mizu yaying'ono kuti isawonongeke.
6. Pakati pa yophukira, gwiritsani ntchito ma secateurs kuti mulekanitse mphukira zokhazikitsidwa ndikuwabzala pamalo osankhidwa.
   

   Mu nthawi yophukira, mphukira yozikika imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomera chaching'ono pa zaka 3 chimatha kupereka chimodzi chokha, ndipo kuchokera ku chitsamba wazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi mungathe kutenga nthambi 2-3 kuti zikulimbikitsidwe. Kuchokera pachomera chilichonse cha kholo, mpaka mbande 30 zatsopano zitha kupezeka. Mwambiri, ambiri a iwo adzafunika kukula, kotero musathamangire kupatula mbewu zonse ndi chitsamba chachikulire. Kuti mubzale pamalo okhazikika, sankhani tchire lokha lomwe limapangidwa bwino ndi kulimbikitsidwa.

Ndikofunikira. Ngati kuyala kwachitika, ndiye kuti gawo la thumba losunga mazira limachotsedwa pachitsamba cha mayi. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo imatha kutha kwambiri pakukula.

Ofukula masanjidwe

Njira idawonekera bwino pamtchire komanso zazing'ono. Kuyala kwamtambo kumalimbikitsidwa motere:

1. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, dulani chitsamba chosankhidwa kuti zitsinde kuti zikhale ndi 3-5 masentimita okwanira.
2. Kutalika kwa mphukira zatsopano kukafika 20 cm, kumasula dothi pafupi ndi chitsamba ndikukula kukula mpaka theka.
   

   Magawo olimbikira amafunika kutalikirana ndi dziko lapansi nyengo yonseyo

3. Lamulirani chitsamba ndi mphukira yatsopano nthawi yonse yomwe mukukula. Kubwezeretsa kumayenera kubwerezedwa kangapo kuti malo okula okha akhale pamwamba. Zilumba zowonongedwa ndi mvula zimafunika kubwezeretsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
4. Ndi isanayambike m'dzinja, dulani mizu yokhazikitsidwa ndikuzika pamalo okhazikika.

Musaiwale: dothi lozungulira mbande zamtsogolo liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse.

Arcuate zigawo

Saplings opezeka ndi njira ya arcuate layering kukula mphamvu ndipo safuna kukula. Kuyambira koyambira mpaka pakati pa chilimwe, mphukira zamphamvu kwambiri zimasankhidwa pa currant. Mutha kuwafalitsa motere:

1. Pangani bowo losaya 20-30 cm kuchokera ku chitsamba.
2. Kokani mphukira yosankhidwa kuti ikhale ndi arc, konzani pakati pakuloweka ndi chopondera tsitsi kumapeto kwa dzenjelo ndikudzaza ndi dothi.
3. Mbali yakumwambayo ya nthambi iyenera kusiyidwa pamwamba, yolumikizidwa ndi khomalo. Gawo la mphukira, lomwe limakhazikika panthaka, lidzazika mizu.
   

   Mphukira zomwe zidasankhidwa kuti zizikhazikika zimapindika ndi arc, zikanikizidwa, ndikuwazidwa ndi lapansi
4. Thirirani malo ndi mmera womera mowirikiza, kuti nthaka nthawi zonse ikhale yonyowa.
5. Muyenera kusiya nthambi yokhazikika mu chitsamba chakumapeto kapena kumapeto kwa kasupe, masamba asanatseguke. Kuti muchite izi, pukulani mosamala ndikumera ndi dothi lapansi ndikusiyirani kumalo kosatha.

Kanema: Kufalitsa kwamapulogalamu poyendetsa

Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba

Ngati mukuyenera kusamutsa malo omwe mukutsalira malo ena ndiye kuti ndibwino kugawa tchire lakale. Kuti achite izi, amafunika kukumba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pruner kapena kutipewa pogawa magawo angapo. Gawo lirilonse payenera kukhala mphukira zazing'ono zazing'ono ndi mizu yamphamvu.

Chitsamba chopindika chimagawika pawiri pogwiritsa ntchito chofunda, mpeni wakuthwa kapena sulu.

Tcherani khutu! Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba nthawi zina kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mukufunikira kufalitsa ma currants mwachangu kwambiri. Koma musaiwale kuti ndizovuta kugawa chitsamba chachikulire kuposa kukonzekera kudula.

Kufalikira kwa njirayi kumachitika mu kugwa (Okutobala-Novembala) kapena kasupe (Marichi), pomwe mbewu zikapuma.

Timasankha njira zokulitsira ma currants nyengo ndi nyengo

Currant ndi chomera cha pulasitiki, chimazika mizu bwino, ndipo chimatha kufalitsidwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musadandaule kuti nthawi ingowonongeka. Mukungofunika kusankha njira zoweta zomwe ndizoyenera kwambiri mnyengo.

Kuswana kwanyengo

Mu nthawi yophukira, ma currants amatha kufalikira ndi kudula ndikugawa chitsamba. Zidula mizu bwino ndipo zimakula bwino mchaka. Pali vuto limodzi: chifukwa cha chisanu, kudula nthawi zina kumafesedwa pansi. Chapakatikati muyenera kuwongolera pamanja. Kuyala pakona kumathandiza kuthetsa vutoli.

Pali njira ziwiri zobzala mitengo yokonzedwa:

• poyera;
• mumiyala yokonzedwa.

Njira yoyamba yomwe takambirana kale. Kwa wachiwiri, mudzafunika muli zotengera pulasitiki zopanda kanthu, mwachitsanzo, magalasi akuluakulu kapena mabotolo a lita imodzi ndi theka odulidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito makapu opangidwa okonzekera mbande.

1. Ponyani mabowo m'magalasi kapena mabotolo apulasitiki popanda pamwamba.
2. Dzazani zotengera ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi dothi.
3. Bzalani kudula, kuthirira ndi nthaka.
   

   Mu yophukira, ma currant odulidwa amawokedwa mumbale ndikugulitsidwa kuchipinda chotentha

4. Tulutsani muli ndi zenera m'chipinda chofunda.
5. Thirirani mbewu yake munthawi yochepa kuti dothi lisaphwetse ndipo osanyowa kwambiri.
6. Ngati maluwa ndi thumba losunga mazira likuwoneka panthambi isanayambe, chotsani nthawi yomweyo, pokhapokha mbewuyo itafooka pakukula.

Momwe mungafalitsire currants m'chilimwe

Kufalitsa ndi kudulidwa m'miyezi yachilimwe kumakhalanso kopindulitsa. Zowona, chifukwa cha ichi mukufunikira wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha.

1. Sankhani mphukira zapachaka zomwe zakhala zikula nthawi yayitali ndipo mwayamba kumatula. Amasungabe kusinthasintha kwawo, koma amatha kusweka. Mphukira zotere zimacha mu Julayi-August.
   

   Kwa odula chilimwe, muyenera kusankha mphukira zomwe zikungoyamba kumene kukhala nkhuni

2. Zodulidwa, sankhani nsonga za nthambi - ndizothandiza. Dulani nthambi zidutswa 8 masentimita, kusiya masamba 3-4. Kuyambira pansipa, mphukira imadulidwa mosazindikira, kuchokera pamwambapa - perpendicular kukula.
   

   Zodulidwa, mphukira imadulidwa mzidutswa, kusiya masamba 3-4 iliyonse

3. Sungani zodulidwazo mu nsalu yopukutira ndi madzi. Mutha kuwayikanso mu heteroauxin yankho kwa maola 24 (10 mg a thunthu pa lita imodzi yamadzi).
4. Konzani wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha kubzala pasadakhale. Muziwaza dothi, ndikawaza dothi la peat ndi mchenga wowuma pofanana ndi 1: 1. Thirani madzi ambiri.
   

   Dothi lodzala ma currant odulidwa liyenera kukonzekereratu

5. Limbitsani dothi ndikutsala ndi 2 cm, ndikuwona kutalika kwa masentimita 5 pakati pawo. Patulani dothi kachiwiri, koma samalani kuti musayerekeze kuduladula. Mangani chophimba cha filimuyo ndikungosintha pang'ono.
   

   Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa m'nthaka mtunda wa masentimita 5 kuchokera pachilichonse

Ngati tsikulo likhala lotentha, kudula kudula kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa; Pa tsiku lamitambo, mutha kusankha nthawi iliyonse.

Kanema: momwe mungafalitsire ma currants mu kasupe

Munda wanu udzakhala wabwino kwambiri ngati m'munda mwake muli ma currant baka. Izi sizovuta kuchita, chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha njira yoyenera ndikukonzekera zida zofunika. Mu ndemanga, mutha kufunsa mafunso kapena kugawana zomwe mwakumana nazo pakusala othandizira. Zabwino zonse!