Kusankha mphesa pachiwembu chawo, alimi oyambira amatsogozedwa ndi mitundu yomwe imapereka zipatso zambiri zokoma ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe nawonso safunikira chisamaliro. Mitundu ya Druzhba imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonsezi.
Mbiri ya mphesa Ubwenzi
Omwe amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa Druzhba anali mabulgaria ndi mabungwe a Russia a ntchito zamasamba ndi zipatso zopezeka m'mizinda ya Pleven ndi Novocherkassk. Gulu la olemba lidaphatikizapo V. Vylchev, I. Ivanov, B. Muzychenko, A. Aliev, I. Kostrykin. Zosiyanasiyana zidaphatikizidwa mu State Register of Kuswana Zabwino kuyambira 2002.
Adapanga mphesa Zosiyanasiyana Ubwenzi wa Chibugariya ndi Russian wa viticulture ndi winemaking
Kuti mupeze mphesa zatsopano, mitundu yotsatirayi idagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Makina osokoneza bongo a Kayshka ndi mphesa yomwe imakula kwambiri yaviniga ndi fungo labwino la nati, imatha kukana chisanu kwambiri ndipo imatsala pang'ono kuteteza matenda onse a mphesa - zowola imvi ndi khunyu;
- Kutuluka kwa Kumpoto - chipinda chaubwino wazipatso zoyambirira kucha ndi kupsa kwabwino kwa mphukira, kukana kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi kutentha kochepa ndi matenda;
- Hamburg muscat ndi mphesa yazonse patebulo, mitundu yaying'ono yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokucha, koma yokhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri la mandmeg.
Hamburg muscat - imodzi mwazitundu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha mitundu ya Druzhba, ili ndi fungo labwino kwambiri
Makhalidwe Osiyanasiyana
Mphesa zamtunduwu zoyambirira kucha zimatha kudziwika kuti ndizopezeka paliponse komanso zopindulitsa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa kukana matenda.
Ubwenzi ndi mtundu wakucha kwambiri
Chitsamba chaubwenzi chimakhala chachikulu pakati, maluwa amakhala awiriawiri, masango a sing'anga, amtunda wambiri. Mawonekedwe a burashi ndi osakanizika, gawo lake lotsikira limalowa mu chulu, nthawi zina pamakhala mapiko. Zipatso zazikulu zozungulira zimakhala ndi mtundu wopepuka wa amber. Madziwo ndiowonekera, amakoma ndi fungo labwino la muscat.
Mphesa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tebulo komanso popanga mavinidwe apamwamba kwambiri ndi vin.
Gome: Maphunziro aubwenzi
| Kukula kuyambira nthawi yamasamba | Masiku 120 mpaka 125 |
| Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kogwira ntchito kuyambira chiyambi cha kukula mpaka kukhwima kwa ukadaulo | 2530 ºº |
| Kulemera kwa tsango | kukula kwapakatikati - kuchokera pa 220 g, yayikulu - 300-400 g |
| Kukula kwakukulu | 22x23 mm |
| Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mabulosi | 4-5 g |
| Zambiri za shuga | 194 g / dm3 |
| Kuchuluka kwa asidi mu madzi okwanira 1 litre | 7.4 g |
| Zokolola pa hekita iliyonse | mpaka matani 8 |
| Kukana chisanu | mpaka -23 ºº |
| Kukana matenda a fungal | 2.5-3 mfundo |
| Chiwerengero cha mphukira zopatsa zipatso | 70-85% |
Kubzala ndi kukula
Mukamaganiza za kulima mphesa za Ubwenzi patsamba lanu, samalani posankha malo oyenera kubzala. Mwa mitundu iyi, kutentha ndi kuwala zimagwira gawo lalikulu kuposa dothi. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikusakhalapo kwa madzi osayenda, chinyezi chambiri. Ngati pali vuto lotere, ndikofunikira kukhetsa malo omwe kubzala mphesa bwino.
Kwa mitundu ya Druzhba, kubzala malingana ndi chiwembu chonse ndikofunikira: dzenje limakonzedwa mu kugwa, kuti dothi limazizira nyengo yachisanu ndikuwonjezereka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo timachepa, ndipo kubzala kumachitika mchaka.
Nthaka motere:
- M'dzenje 70 cm mulifupi ndi kuya, ruble wapakati umayikidwa ndi wosanjikiza pafupifupi 15 cm.
- Nthaka yokumbayo imasakanizidwa ndi chidebe cha humus, 1 lita imodzi ya phulusa, 200 g ya superphosphate ndi 150 g ya potaziyamu nitrate.
- Dothi lokonzeka limayalidwa dzenje, ndikusiya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kuya kwake.
- Chapakatikati pakati pa dzenjelo, chimatsanulira cheni pomwe mizu ya mmera imayikiridwa.
- Kutengera mtundu wa dothi, mpaka ndowa ziwiri zam'madzi zimathiridwa, dothi limathiridwa ndikuthira.
- Nthaka pafupi ndi tsinde la chomerayo yabzalidwa.
Mutabzala, nthaka mozungulira mmera mulched
Chisamaliro chinanso chimakhala kudulira m'nthawi yake, kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba pa mphesa. Tchire la Druzhba limathiriridwa, kumayang'ana chinyezi cha nthaka ndi nyengo. Pafupifupi malita 20 amadzi amatsitsidwa pamtengo uliwonse wa mpesa, ukatha kuthirira, dothi pafupi ndi thunthu liyenera kumasulidwa, ndipo udzu umachotsedwa.
Kukula mphesa Ubwenzi umachitika katatu pachaka:
- kasupe asanafike maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere nkhuku ndi superphosphate;
- kwachiwiri mu umodzi ndi theka - masabata awiri akulangizidwa kuti aphatikize kugwiritsa ntchito Nitroammofoski ndi kuthirira;
- kachitatu, zipatso zikayamba, Nitroammofosku imayambitsidwanso.
Nitroammofoskoy ayenera kudyetsedwa itatha kuyambira kwa zipatso
Zaka zitatu zoyambirira zodulira mphesa Ubwenzi umangokhala waukhondo - mphukira zouma kapena zowonongeka zimachotsedwa kuthengo. M'tsogolomu, chaka chilichonse amachita kudulira kuti asapose 35 pamaso pachitsamba. Popeza izi, masamba a 6-8 amasiyidwa pamasamba.
Kuchepetsa katundu pa nthambi za mphesa Ubwenzi umapangidwa ndi trellis ndi kutalika kwa 2 m kapena kupitilira. Mphesa zikamakula, nthambi zimamangirizidwa ku trellis.
Ngakhale chisanu kwambiri chikugonjetsedwa ndi mitundu ya Druzhba, mphesa ziyenera kukonzekera yozizira. Mabasi obzalidwa kasupe, ndipo akulu, atachotsedwa trellis, kuphimba pang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Panja pa mpesa ndikofunikira kuti muzichita nthawi yake. Mpesa wosakhazikika kale ukhoza kuvunda, kapena kuti maso ayamba kumera.
Ngakhale chisanu chimalimbana kwambiri ndi mitundu ya Druzhba, mphesa zimaphimbidwa nthawi yozizira
Amayesedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino kukonzekera mphesa isanayambike yozizira kapena pambuyo pake. Ndikofunika kuti kuziziritsa madzi chomera musanazizire. Izi ziteteza mphesa kuti zisazizire. Mphesa zakuthambo zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zigawo zingapo za zinthu zopanda nsalu, mphasa za udzu, mabango, nthambi zodziyimira nthambi. M'nyengo yozizira, amaphimba chisanu kuti akhale pogona.
Ubwenzi wa mphesa umagwirizana ndi matenda, koma njira zoteteza zimachitika mosalephera. Panyengo, mphesa za mildew zimachiritsidwa kawiri ndikukonzekera kwapadera, ndipo kuchokera ku oidium ndi zowola imvi, mankhwalawa amachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika ndikatha kukolola. Kuchepetsa mzere komanso kufalikira padothi, kuphatikiza zipatso panthawi yake, kuchotsa mphukira zowonongeka ndi zipatso kumathandizira thanzi la mphesa.
Ndemanga za Ubwenzi wa mphesa
Ubwenzi ndi kalasi wamba wamadzi. Patebulopo, mnofu ndi wochepa thupi, koma umakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri kwa muscat ndi zokolola zabwino kwambiri.
Evgeny Anatolevich//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2283
Moni Ubwenzi wanga ndi mitundu ya patebulo, chifukwa sindinayambe ndalowa juwisi ,vinyo, kapena msika. Zonse 100% zimadyedwa ndi banja langa ndipo amatengedwa kuti ndiodziwika bwino pakati pa omwe akukula m'munda wathu wamphesa. Zosiyanasiyana sizifunikira kuyeserera kowonjezereka ndi mtengo wa chisamaliro, zokolola zochepa. Owerama pansi kwa olemba a Friendship!
Vlarussik//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2283
Zosiyanazi sizingafanane ndi mitundu iliyonse. Ubwenzi ndi gawo labwino kwambiri la nati. Muluwu ndi wocheperako pamsika, koma wogula amayenera kuyesa mabulosi amodzi, kasitomala wathu, theka lokoma ndi natimeg.
Dorensky//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2283
Ndikulonjeza m'mbali zonse, mphesa za Friendship zimakulitsidwa bwino ndi akatswiri opanga vinyo ndi okonda zigawo zosiyanasiyana. Podziwa mawonekedwe a mitundu iyi, alimiwo amapeza njira zothetsera mavuto munthawi yomwe akukula.
