Sizokayikitsa kuti mungapeze dimba, komwe padzakhale dimba laling'ono ndi sitiroberi. Koma ngakhale tchire la mitundu yosankhika pang'onopang'ono limakalamba, zokolola zikuchepa, kukoma kwa zipatso kukuipiraipira. Kuti izi zisachitike, zaka 2-3 zilizonse zobzala ziyenera kusinthidwa. Strawberry amafalitsa mosavuta munthawi zonse zazikuluzikulu komanso zobala.
Kufalikira kwa masharubu
Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yachangu kwambiri yopezera chitsamba chatsopano cha sitiroberi, kumafuna kuti nyakulayo akhale ndi nthawi yocheperako komanso kuchita khama - kufalikira mwa mphukira zam'mbali, kapena masharubu. Njirayi imaperekedwa mwachilengedwe. Pomwe akupanga masharubu, ma rosette ndi mizu pang'onopang'ono zimayamba. Akakhazikika pansi, mphukira imaphwa, ndipo chomera chatsopano chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mayi.
Kuzula masharubu - njira yosavuta yopezera zitsamba za sitiroberi zatsopano
Chifukwa chake kupeza sitiroberi tchire kwathunthu kusunga mitundu ya "kholo". Mindezi imamera mizu mokwanira mokwanira, imapangidwa modziyimira, popanda zoyeserera za wolima dimba. Chokhacho chomwe chingabwezeretse njirayi ndikuti pamafunika khama kuti apange mbewu zingapo zatsopano pachomera. Chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kupeza zokolola zochuluka kuchokera panthawiyi. Chifukwa chake, alimi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kupangira tchire zingapo zabwino, kuyang'ana kuchuluka, kukula, kukoma kwa zipatso, komanso kuchuluka kwa "nyanga", ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito pofalitsa.
Magulu atsopano pamayezi a sitiroberi amayamba kupanga mu June
Monga lamulo, mitundu yambiri ya masamba a sitiroberi ilibe mavuto ndi mapangidwe azungu. M'malo mwake, amapangidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kudula zowonjezera, osasiya zosaposa 5-7 pach chitsamba chilichonse kuti zigawo zatsopano zokhala ndi mizu yamphamvu zikhazikike. Kapangidwe ka ndevu kumayamba kutentha kwa mpweya kukafika pa 15 ºº, ndipo nthawi ya masana imapitilira kwa maola osachepera 12.
Kutali kuchokera kutchire, chocheperako chimakhala ndi "mwana wamkazi"
Masharubu omwe adapangidwa mu Julayi ndiye abwino kwambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri kuzika mizu. Pamodzi uliwonse, osati umodzi, koma malo atatu atsopano otha kusintha. Koma zamphamvu kwambiri ndizomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi chitsamba. Chifukwa chake, masentimita 3-5 pambuyo pa woyamba kapena wachiwiri (ngati mukufuna mbewu zambiri), malo okhala ndi lumo kapena mpeni amadulidwa pakona pa 40-45 ºС. Maluwa onse omwe amapanga tchire la mayiyo amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti mbewuyo isawonongeke.
Musathamangire kupatulira chomera chatsopano kuchokera kwa mayi chomera, lolani mizu yoyambira
Kudula masharubu patsogolo pake sikuyenera. Gawo lililonse lakale limapereka mphamvu ku zotsatirazi, ndipo limodzi zimalandira madzi, zofunikira zazikulu ndi zazikulu kuchokera ku chitsamba.
Chotsatira, gwiritsani ntchito mogwirizana ndi algorithm:
- Mizu yake ikayamba kupanga ma masharubu osankhidwa, amamangiriridwa pansi ndi chidutswa cha waya kapena chopondera tsitsi. Malowa ndi okutidwa ndi dothi lonyowa kapena humus. Mutha kukumba chikho cha peat kapena pulasitiki mu nthaka, ndikuviika pafupifupi chitatu. Amadzazidwa ndi dothi lapadera la mbande. Pakadali izi, kupsinjika komwe sikungatheke pakubzala kumachepetsedwa, chifukwa chitsamba chatsopano chimachotsedwa m'nthaka limodzi ndi mtanda wakale, ngakhale mizu yaying'ono sinawonongeke.
Strawberry rosettes imayamba kuzika mizu popanda thandizo la mlimi, koma imatha kuwathandiza kupanga mizu yamphamvu komanso yolimba.
- Malipiro amtsogolo amathiramo madzi masiku onse atatu ndi atatu. Nthaka iyenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse m'malo owuma pang'ono, makamaka ngati kuli kotentha kunja. Mvula iliyonse ikatha, dothi lozungulira malowo limasulidwa pang'ono.
- Pakadutsa milungu pafupifupi 8-10, malo ogulitsawa ndi okonzeka kupatsirana. Nthawi yoyenera machitidwewa ndi kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka zaka khumi zachiwiri za Seputembala. Nthawi yeniyeni zimadalira nyengo yam'deralo. Ayenera kukhala ndi "mtima" wopangidwa bwino, osachepera 4-5 masamba owona ndi mizu 7 masentimita kapena kupitilira. Kuti mufotokozere njirayi, sankhani tsiku lowuma bwino, ndibwino kuti mudzaze m'mawa kapena madzulo dzuwa litalowa.
Wosavuta-kuika sitiroberi sitiroberi ayenera kukhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso masamba olimba, athanzi
- Ma ski amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi ndikuyika kumalo atsopano ndi mtanda wakale. Mimbayi imadulidwa pafupifupi 10cm pachitsamba chachikulu. Nthawi zina zimalimbikitsidwa pasadakhale, pafupifupi masabata awiri njira isanachitike, kuti ayipangitse kuti muchepetse "kudalira" kwa chomera chatsopanocho pa mayi. Chifukwa chake amasintha mwachangu kuti chilichonse chofunikira kuchokera m'nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito mizu yake.
Kuti malo ogulitsa sitiroberi azitha kuzika mizu pamalo atsopano, kama wawo uyenera kukonzekereratu. Ndikofunikanso kulingalira kuti ndi zikhalidwe ziti zomwe zidakula m'malo osankhidwa kale. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala sitiroberi pambuyo pa Solanaceous ndi Dzungu, rasipiberi, maluwa ndi maluwa. Koma kaloti, beets, radives, zitsamba zilizonse ndi adyo ndizotsogoza bwino. Anyezi ndi maLeam ndizovomerezeka, koma pokhapokha ngati mukutsimikiza kuti mulibe nematode m'nthaka.
Malo a sitiroberi amasankhidwa dzuwa, pomwe kuli koyenera kuteteza ku mphepo yozizira
Kwa sitiroberi, malo otenthetsedwa bwino, ngakhale kapena malo otsetsereka pang'ono, ndioyenera. Nthaka imafunikira chopepuka, koma chopatsa thanzi (mchenga loam, loam). Kuyambira nthawi yophukira, bedi la mundawo lakumbidwa mosamala; nthawi yomweyo, zinyalala zonse za mbewu zimayenera kuchotsedwa, komanso feteleza. Kwa mita imodzi yothamanga, 8-10 makilogalamu a humus ndi 35-40 g ya superphosphate ndi yokwanira. Ndipo mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito feteleza wapadera wazomera za mabulosi (Agricola, Kemira-Lux, Zdraven, Rubin), pokhapokha ngati palibe mankhwala ena oterewa. Masiku angapo asanabzalidwe, kama wake umakonkhedwa ndi mchenga wowonda ndipo dothi limasulidwa, ndikutseka. Izi zikuthandizani kuteteza mabulosi ku tizirombo tambiri.
Ruby ndi amodzi mwa feteleza apadera a sitiroberi wam'munda, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza mabedi a sitiroberi
Ngati bedi lokhala ndi mabulosi amajambulidwa kapena kumangika ndi chivundikiro chokwanira, masharubu alibe mwayi wozika mizu. Pankhaniyi, amadulidwapo, kuwakhazikika pafupifupi tsiku limodzi m'madzi kutentha kwa chipinda ndi kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe chilichonse kapena kupanga biostimulant (Kornevin, Zircon, Epin, potaziyamu humate, succinic acid, msuzi wa aloe).
Ngati mitengo ya sitiroberi imakulidwa pansi pa chivundikiro, sangathe kudzika mizu yatsopano
Kenako amadzalidwa pabedi lokonzedwa bwino dothi lotayirira. Njira yabwino ndiyosakanikirana ndi tchipisi tating'onoting'ono, dothi wamba la m'munda ndi mchenga waukulu pamtsinje 2: 1: 1. Machechi obzalidwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi kuya kwa 2-2,5 masentimita, mwamphamvu, ndikuyika zidutswa 100-120 pa 1 m².
Kuti muteteze kuchokera pakulowera dzuwa mwachindunji pakubwera kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu, denga lophimba limapangidwa kuchokera pachinthu chilichonse choyera. Dothi likauma, gawo lapansi limasungunuka pang'ono. Pakutha kwa nyengo yokulira, mapaipi ambiri amapanga kakhazikidwe kamizu, ndipo amathanso kuwaika kumalo okhazikika.
Mwakutero, ngati pali malo okwanira pabedi, mutha kuzika ndulu pamabvu pano, popewa zovuta zosagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zomwe zimagwirizidwa. Poterepa, mizu yopukutidwa imapangidwa mu tchire latsopano la sitiroberi, imayamba kulimbana ndi chilala. Izi ndizowona makamaka kum'mwera komwe kuli nyengo yotentha. Mukungoyenera kuwongolera ziphuphu zakumaso kumalo ofunikira ndikukakonza pamalowo, ndikupanga mzere watsopano. Chopanga chokhacho - pamenepa, mufunika kuzika mizu yachiwiri, popeza oyambayo ali pafupi kwambiri ndi chomera. Kuti zisasokoneze, kudya chakudya, amadula mizu ndi / kapena masamba.
Ngati pali malo okwanira pabedi lamundawo, mutha kudumpha malo ogulitsira, nthawi yomweyo ndikupanga mzere wina
Ndikusowa kwa malo m'munda kapena pa chiwembu, chofunikira kwambiri kwa eni ake "mahekala asanu ndi m'modzi", mutha kupeza tchire lambiri lolimba pobzala zitsamba zingapo za mitengo patali kapena pakati pa mabulosi. M'nyengo yotentha, masharubu amakulolani kukula kumbali iliyonse. Zofooka pang'ono zimakanidwa pang'onopang'ono, osasiya zosaposa 6-8 pachitsamba chilichonse. "Mundawu" udzu nthawi zonse, udzu, madzi ndi kumasulidwa pang'ono. Pakugwa, ma rosette amphamvu okhala ndi mizu yolimba amapangidwa, omwe pambuyo pake amabala zipatso zochuluka.
Zolakwika wamba wamaluwa
Zikuwoneka kuti palibe chovuta pakufalitsa mabulosi a masharubu ndi masharubu. Komabe, nthawi zambiri njirayi simapereka zotsatira zoyembekezeredwa chifukwa cha zolakwa zina. Ambiri mwa iwo:
- Masharubu omwe amalumikiza chomera cha mayi ndi chodulira chatsopano chidule kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, chitsamba chaching'ono sichikhala ndi nthawi yopanga mizu yolimba bwino, chimatenga nthawi kuti chizika mizu m'malo atsopano (kapena sichimakhala mizu konse), ndipo chaka chotsatira chimabweretsa mbewu yaying'ono kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Ngakhale ndevu zoyambirira kwambiri zimapanga chiyambi cha mizu mu June, ngati muli ndi mwayi kwambiri ndi nyengo - kumapeto kwa Meyi. Itha kulekanitsidwa ndi chomera cha makolo osati kale kuposa miyezi iwiri (makamaka pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri ndi theka).
- Chiwerengero cha mashalubu pachitsamba sichilamulidwa mwanjira iliyonse. Zotsatira zake, malo ambiri atsopano amapangidwa pachitsamba chilichonse, koma chochepa komanso chokwanira. Choyamba, chimafooketsa chomera chachikulu, chomwe sichitha kuwapatsa zakudya zokwanira. Kachiwiri, sizimasiyanasiyana mosakhazikika ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muzikaikira malo atsopano mukangodzala.
- Ma masharubu amasintha malo ndi malo kangapo. Mizu ya malo ogulitsirako ana ndi osalimba, mukamadzaza chilichonse amawonongeka. Chifukwa chake, chitsamba chimafooka, chimazika mizu kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikuzunza.
- Ndondomeko imachitika mumvula kapena kutentha kwambiri. Nyengo yabwino yozizira imathandizira kukulitsa matenda ambiri, fungal spores imalowa mosavuta kudzera kudula. Kutentha kumafooketsa mbewu zomwe zimachepetsa chitetezo chawo.
- Tchuthi zatsopano zimasinthidwa pabedi losakonzekera. Ngakhale zolimba zamphamvu sizimakhala bwino ngati mungasankhe malo olakwika oti mubzalire, zibzalani m'nthaka yosayenera chifukwa cha mahlahla, ndipo osayambitsa feteleza ofunikira m'nthaka.
Ndikwabwino kuti ndisasunthidwe ma sitiroberi kangapo, popeza mbewuyo imapanikizika
Kanema: nthawi yanji ndibwino kufalitsa mabulosi a masharubu ndi masharubu
Gawo logawa
Pafupipafupi, komabe pali mitundu ya sitiroberi (yambiri yodziwika) yomwe imapanga masharubu m'malo monyinyirika. Ndipo obereketsa adaberekanso mitundu ina yapadera yomwe siipangidwe motsatira mfundo (Trade Union, Raymond, Snow White, Ali Baba, Veska ndi zina). Kwa sitiroberi zoterezi, palinso njira ina yobwezera masamba yomwe imasunga mokwanira zinthu zamtunduwu - kugawidwa kwa chitsamba.
Mitundu ina ya sitiroberi yoberekera yopanda mbewewe yopanda masharubu, ndiye njira yosavuta yoberekera
Njira iyi ilinso ndiubwino wina. Mwachitsanzo, pofalitsa timabwato tokhala ndi masharubu, ndizosatheka kuti nthawi imodzi tipeze kuthengo limodzi lokhalanso mbewu zabwino komanso mbande zapamwamba. Ndipo pankhani yogawa chitsamba, ndizotheka. Zomera zatsopano zimamera bwino m'malo atsopano. Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti osaposa 10% ya malo ogulitsa amafa.
Pakugawa, masamba a sitiroberi athanzi okhaokha ndi zipatso omwe amasankhidwa, kuwayika chizindikiro pasadakhale
Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa mbewu zathanzi zokhazokha zomwe zimakhala ndi mizu yolimba. Tchire losankhidwa liyenera kupendedwa mosamala kuti muwone zizindikiro zomwe zili ndi matenda ndi zovuta zowonongeka ndi tizirombo. Kubzala zinthu 'kudzalandira' mavuto onse omwe alipo.
Ndikosatheka kugawanitsa tchire la sitiroberi wokhala ndi matenda aliwonse, chifukwa vutoli lifalikira kuzomera zatsopano
M'badwo woyenera kwambiri wogawika ndi zaka 2-4. Tchire tating'ono kwambiri tili ndi "nyanga" zochepa, ndipo zakale sizikhala ndi zokolola zambiri. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi, kutengera kukula kwake, mutha kutengako makope 5 mpaka 15 atsopano. Chofunikira ndicho kupezeka kwa aliyense wa "mtima" komanso mizu ingapo.
Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi cha sitiroberi, mutha kupeza zambiri zatsopano
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya njirayi ndi theka loyamba la Ogasiti, ngakhale mutha kugawa tchire nthawi yonse yakukula. Pamalo atsopano, zigawo zimamera mwachangu mokwanira, monga lamulo, izi zimachitika kale pakati pa Seputembala. Zokolola, komabe, sizachulukitsa, amapereka chaka chamawa. Ndipo chaka chimodzi amafika pachimake pa zipatso. Olima odziwa zamaluwa, komabe, amalangizidwa kuti adikire ndikudula maluwa onse omwe amapezeka nyengo yoyamba kuti chilolecho chizitha kupanga mizu yolimba komanso mizu yamphamvu yobiriwira.
Palibe chosokoneza m'njira yomwe:
- Chitsamba cha sitiroberi chimasulidwa mosamala ndikuchotsa dothi. M'pofunika kuyesa kusunga dothi lanyumba nthawi iliyonse ngati kuli kotheka kuti musawononge mizu.
Kumbani chitsamba cha sitiroberi kuti mugawane, kuyesera kuti tisawononge mizu
- Masamba owuma ndi achikasu amang'ambika, mbewuyo imayikidwa mu beseni ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji. Pofuna kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mutha kuwonjezera makristali angapo a potaziyamu permanganate (ku utoto wotuwa).
- Dothi likakhazikika kuyambira pamizu mpaka pansi pa thankiyo, mutha kuyamba kugawa chitsamba. Pomwe zingatheke, amayesa kumasula mizu ndi manja awo, kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni kapena lumo kokha ngati njira yomaliza. Ndikosatheka kukoka kwambiri kuti tisawononge "mtima". Chida chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito chiyenera kukulitsidwa ndikuyeretsa.
Strawberry chitsamba mizu ndiosavuta kupatukana ngati Pre-zilowerere iwo m'madzi
- Mizu yake imawuma ndikuwunikira pafupifupi ola limodzi. Omwe omwe amawonda pang'ono, zowola, komanso zamdima ndi zouma amadziwika. "Zilonda" zimakonkhedwa ndi choko chamafuta, makala oyatsidwa, phulusa lamatabwa kapena sinamoni.
- Malo atsopano amatumizidwa kumalo osankhidwa. Pofuna kutukula mizu, tsamba lililonse lomwe limapezeka limadulidwa pafupifupi theka.
Mukabzala timitengo tating'ono, muyenera kutsatira kuti musakutse "mtima"
Ngati, chifukwa chogawa tchire, timalo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, tomwe tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapezeka, titha kumera. Tchire zotere zimabzalidwa mumiphika yaying'ono kapena magalasi odzazidwa ndi chisakanizo cha tchipisi cha peat ndi dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi kwa mbande. Onetsetsani kuti simukuzama zakuya "mtima". Zobzala zimathiriridwa kwambiri, miphika imasamutsidwira kumalo obiriwira ndikukasungidwa kumeneko kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Ngakhale tizitsotso tating'ono kwambiri sitiyenera kutayidwa, ngati mungakule mu greenhouse kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha, mumapeza chodzala chothandiza kwambiri
Kusamalira achinyamata sitiroberi mbewu
Mutasamukira kumalo kwamuyaya, chisamaliro choyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri. M'masabata awiri oyamba, tchire tating'ono tiyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kuthirira kwambiri kumafunikiranso. Mulching idzathandizira kuti nthaka isakhale chinyezi. Imapulumutsanso nthawi yolima mabediwo. Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi mutabzala, sitiroberi amathanso kudyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu sulfate kapena feteleza aliyense wabwinobwino wa mbewu za mabulosi ndikung'ung'udza ma tchire. Zotsalazo zimathandizira kuti mizu yolimba ichite.
Bzalani "nyanga" zatsopano mofanananso ndi mbande wamba, kuona mtunda pakati pawo
Mukabzala pakati pa tchire ndi pakati pa mizere, 35-40 cm imasiyidwa. Humus imawonjezedwa pachitsime chilichonse, ndikudzaza pang'onopang'ono, phulusa lamatanda angapo ndi supuni ya superphosphate yosavuta. Malo omwe akutulutsa ayenera kukhala pansi panthaka. Ndikosatheka kuidzaza ndi dziko lapansi, apo ayi chitsamba chidzafa.
Kanema: Njira yofalitsira masamba a zipatso pogwiritsa ntchito chitsamba
Kukula mabulosi a mbewu
Kukula msuzi kwa nthanga ndi njira yodya nthawi, nthawi yambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, sizitsimikizira kuti zilembo zamitundumitundu zimasungidwa, chifukwa chake, sizoyenera kutulutsidwanso zamitundu yosowa komanso yamtengo wapatali. Wamaluwa wamaluwa amatero nthawi zambiri. Kwenikweni, obereketsa akatswiri omwe akufuna kupanga mitundu yatsopano amafalitsa mbewu za chikhalidwe, koma palibe amene amaletsa kuyesera. Njirayi imakhalanso ndi mwayi wabwino - tchire zobzalidwa kuchokera pamtundu sizimalandira matenda omwe adwala chomera chakale. Koma sioyenera chifukwa cha haibridi.
M'masitolo apadera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroberi imaperekedwa.
Mbeu za Strawberry zitha kugulidwa popanda mavuto mu sitolo iliyonse yapaderadera, koma wamaluwa ambiri amakonda kutolera okha. Amasunga kumera kwa pafupifupi chaka. Koma ngakhale mutabzala mbewu zatsopano, zosaposa 50-60% ya mbande zimaphuka.
Ndikwabwino kutengera nokha mbewu za sitiroberi - chifukwa mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti zidzaphuka bwino
Kuchokera ku chitsamba cha sitiroberi, muyenera kusankha zipatso zazikulu zingapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito tsamba la scalpel kapena lezala kuti muchepetse chosanja chapamwamba cha 2 mm kuchokera kwa iwo. Mizere yake imayimitsidwa pamalo otentha, kupewa kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, komwe kumayikidwa pa tawulo ta pepala kapena zopukutira thonje. Pakatha masiku angapo, zamkati zowuma zimakola zala, ndikulekanitsa mbewu. Asungeni m'matumba a pepala, matumba a bafuta kapena m'mitsuko yamagalasi yosungika, zotengera pulasitiki m'malo abwino owuma.
Kucha mabulosi akuluakulu ndi abwino kututira mbewu.
Kanema: Kukolola kwa Mbewu ya Strawberry
Kuti mphukira ziziwoneka mwachangu (patatha masiku 10-15 m'malo mwa chizolowezi cha sitiroberi 30-45), kupendekera kumalimbikitsidwa. Mbewu zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga wonyowa kapena peat ndikuyika mufiriji kwa miyezi 2-2,5, m'chipinda chapadera chosungiramo masamba ndi zipatso, momwe kutentha kosatha kwa 2-4 ºº kumasungidwa. Ikamuma, gawo lapansi limasungunuka. Kwa sitiroberi tating'ono tating'onoting'ono, nthawi yoyambira imachepetsedwa mpaka miyezi 1.5-2.
Kugawikana kwa mbewu kumakupatsani mwayi kutsanzira "dzinja" lachilengedwe, nthawi yomwe amadutsa magawo angapo a chitukuko
Ngati m'firiji mulibe malo okwanira, chidebe chokhala ndi mbewu chitha kutengeredwa ku chipika chosanja kapena khonde, ndikutaya matalala pamwamba. Kapena kukumba mwachindunji m'mundamo pamalowo, kuyika malowo ndi kumangiriza chidebe ndi filimu.
Kukula kwa mbande kuchokera ku mbewu za sitiroberi, ngati titanyalanyaza kubzala, tiziyembekezera nthawi yayitali
Strawberry mbewu zobzalidwa theka loyamba la February. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi logulidwa ponseponse chifukwa cha mbande, koma wamaluwa odziwa bwino amakonda kusakaniza gawo lawolawo:
- peat crumb, vermicompost ndi coarse river sand (3: 1: 1);
- pepala, mchenga ndi humus kapena manyowa owola (2: 1: 1);
- humus ndi ufa uliwonse wophika: mchenga, perlite, vermiculite (5: 3).
Popewa kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, phulusa la nkhuni kapena choko chophwanyidwa amawonjezeranso dothi lomaliza - pafupifupi kapu iliyonse ya malita asanu osakaniza. Kenako iyenera kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kutaya madzi otentha kapena njira ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate, kuponda mu uvuni kapena kuzizira mufiriji. Masiku 7-10 asanabzale mbewu, dothi limanyowa mu yankho la Fitosporin, Trichodermin, Baikal-EM1, Actofit. Kenako ifunika kuyuma bwino.
Potaziyamu permanganate ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala opha majeremusi omwe amathandiza kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri.
Njira yofikira yokha ikuwoneka motere:
- Mbewu zimanyowetsedwa kwa maola 4-6 mu njira yothetsera vuto lililonse la biostimulant mu chidebe chaching'ono kapena wokutidwa ndi gauze, minofu. Zomwe zimayandama pamwamba zimatha kutaya nthawi yomweyo. Amatsimikiziridwa kuti sangatulutse mphukira. Olima ena amalimbikitsa kuumitsa mphamvu kuti kumera kumere. Kwa masiku atatu, mbewu zokutidwa ndi chachiwisi chonyowa zimasungidwa mufiriji usiku, ndipo masana - m'malo otentha kwambiri ndi dzuwa.
Kubzala mbewu kumathandizira kumera kwake
- Pafupifupi 2/3 ya mitsuko yopyapyala yodzaza ndi dothi losakaniza. Iyenera kukhala yofewa komanso yopukutira, yochepetsedwa pang'ono. Pansi pake, dongo la dothi kapena dongo laling'ono lotalikirapo lofunikira 1.5 cm masentimita limakhala lofunikira .. Ngati pali chipale chofewa, ngakhale wosanjikiza wa masentimita 1-2 umathiridwa panthaka.
- Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'minda yopanda matheti osapitilira 0,5. masentimita 3-4 amasiyidwa pakati pa mizere.
Mbeu za Strawberry sizifunikira kuphimbidwa ndi dothi
- Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira kapena galasi, mpaka chitukuko chimasungidwa m'malo amdima, otentha. Kubzala kumalowetsedwa tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10, gawo lapansi limasungunuka ndi kutsitsi pomwe ikoma.
Filimu kapena pulasitiki ya pulasitiki imathandiza kupanga "wowonjezera kutentha", koma mawonekedwewa amasonkhana kumeneko, motero pobisalira amayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwulutsa tsiku lililonse
- Mukangoyamba kubzala mbande, malo ogulitsirawa amachotsedwa, chidebe chimasinthidwa kupita pamalo owala bwino mu nyumbayo, mwachitsanzo, pazenera la zenera loyang'ana kumwera, kumwera chakum'mawa. Koma moyenera, mudzafunika kuwunikira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera za fluorescent kapena ma phytolamp apadera. Maola ofunikira masana a sitiroberi ndi maola 14-16. Kutentha pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mphukira zochuluka kumachepetsedwa kuchokera pa 23-25 ºº mpaka 16-18 ºº kuti mbande sizitambasuka mopambanitsa.
Kuti mbewu yoyambira ichotse bwino, kuwala kambiri ndikofunikira, apo ayi mbande imatambalala kwambiri, zimayambira zidzachepetsedwa
- Pambuyo pakupanga masamba awiri owona, kutentha kwa zomwe zimatsitsidwa kumayambira 12-15 ºº. Nthaka imakhala yothira madzi nthawi zonse ikayamba kumera. Palibe chifukwa choti mbande izitsanulidwa kuti isakhumudwitse kukula kwa "mwendo wakuda", womwe ungathe kuwononga mbewu zomwe zayamba kale. Koma ndikosafunikanso kuti madzi azikhala pamasamba, choncho ndibwino kuthirira sitiroberi kuchokera ku pipette, pansi pazu. Kamodzi pa sabata ndikwanira. Ngati nkhungu ikuwoneka pamwamba pa dothi, dothi limafafanizidwa ndi yankho la fungic ina iliyonse yachilengedwe (Planriz, Maxim, Baikal-EM1).
Planriz, ngati fangayi iliyonse yazomwe imachokera, imakhala yotetezeka kwa mbande, koma imawononga bowa wa pathogenic
- Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, pansi pa tsinde, mutha kuthira chisakanizo cha mchenga wabwino ndi peat kapena humus. Koma mosamala kwambiri kuti musagwere pa "mtima". Izi zimapangitsa kuti mizu yolimba ichite.
- Masamba enieni 3-4 akaonekera, amasankha. Kuti mbande zisamachotsere pansi, ziyenera kuyamba kuthiriridwa madzi pafupifupi theka la ola lisanachitike. Amachotsedwa mumtsuko pamodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko, kuyesa kuwononga mizu pang'ono momwe angathere. Muyenera kuwagwira ndi masamba a cotyledon, osagwirizana ndi tsinde. Pambuyo pozisungira mumzimbani payekha, mbewuzo zimathiriridwa madzi pang'ono.
Mukutola, mbande zimabzalidwa m'mbale zazing'ono zamapulasitiki kapena mapoto a peat
- Pakadutsa masiku 10-12 atabadwa, majeremusi amadyetsedwa. M'tsogolomu, njirayi imabwerezedwa sabata iliyonse iliyonse ya 2-3. Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu wocheperako wa nayitrogeni (Mortar, Kemira-Lux).
Kemira-Lux - imodzi mwazinthu feteleza zofala kwambiri zoyenera mbande
Vidiyo: Kubzala mbewu za sitiroberi za mbande
Kubzala poyera sitiroberi mbande, pomwe masamba enieni a 5-6 apangidwa kale, ali okonzeka kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Nthaka iyenera kutentha mpaka 12 ºº. Masiku 10-15 njira isanakwane, mbande zimayamba kuuma, kupita kumsewu. Nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pouluka imayamba pang'onopang'ono kuyambira maola awiri mpaka awiri ndi awiri.
Kubzala mbande kumathandizira kuti mbewu zizitha kusintha mwachangu moyo watsopano mutabzala
Njira yodzala mbande muthaka ndikukonza mabedi sizosiyana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. Kusamalira kwinanso kuli ngati sitiroberi wamkulu. Choyambirira choyamba, osati zochulukitsa, kuchokera ku mbande chitha kuyembekezeredwa nyengo yotsatira mutabzala m'malo okhazikika.
Kubzala mu dothi labwino sitiroberi wazaka 2-2,5 miyezi
Kanema: Kubzala moyenerera kwa mbande za dothi pansi
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Ndimakonda kuthira sitiroberi pamapu ambiri: ndikusintha popanda kusokoneza mizu. Koma ndimakhala m'mabedi ndipo ndimatha kuthirira nthawi. Ndipo chinthu chinanso: zidzakhala bwino ngati, patatsala sabata limodzi kuti zibwezere, malo ogulitsawo adulidwira kuchitsamba. Izi zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu yawo.
Irinaa//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=7422.0
Chitsamba cha sitiroberi chazika mizu ngati chakula mizu yokwanira. Sikovuta kuyang'ana: ngati mizu ili yaying'ono, malo otulutsa amatha kutulutsidwa mosavuta pansi (nthaka mugalasi). Ngati ikugwira (ikhoza kupirira pang'ono pang'onopang'ono), ndiye kuti mizu yakula ndipo ikhoza kudulidwa kuchokera ku mowa wa mayi. Inde, masamba amatha kuzimiririka, ndikwachilengedwe, zimatenga nthawi kuti mphamvu zisinthidwe kuchokera kuchitsamba chachikulu kuzika mizu yake. Kuthirira kwambiri ndikutulutsa mchenga kumathandizira kuti malo ena azichira.
Alay//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63678
Ngakhale sitiroberi wodulidwa pachitsamba chopanda mizu, muyenera kuzika mizu ngati zitsitsidwa m'madzi.
Pavel chilimwe wokhala//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63678
Chaka chino, masharubu abwino kwambiri adabzala, ndipo enawo, kuti zingachitike, adatsitsidwa m'beseni lamadzi ndikulowetsedwa mnyumbamo. Patatha sabata limodzi, pali "ndevu" zotere kuchokera pamizu yakula, yabwino!
IrinaVolga63//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63678
Nthawi yoyamba yomwe ndidabzala sitiroberi ndi mbewu zaka zisanu zapitazo. Ndinali ndisanawerenge ma pulogalamu pa nthawiyo, ndipo sindimakonda kuimba mluzu ndi zina, koma chilichonse chinali chitaphuka ndipo chimabala zipatso. Sitiroberi zokulira zipatso zazikulu kumapitilira osati kwambiri, koma sindinakubisa m'njira iliyonse. Sindibzale zipatso zazing'ono zazing'ono - sindinazikonde. Chaka chilichonse ndimabzala mbewu zingapo m'mabokosi amaonekera. Ndinaika wosanjikiza wa hydrogel pamwamba pamtunda womwe unagulidwa, ndikufalitsa mbewuzo pamwamba ndi dzino. Kenako ndinachiyika mufiriji kwa masiku 10 (osati “mu”, koma “pa”). Ndiwofunda ndipo sasokoneza. Akakwera - pazenera. Muyenera kukhala opirira komanso osawakhudza mpaka atakhala osachepera 1 cm. Ndimathira madzi ndi siponji. M'chaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi, zimasokonekera, ndipo wina ayenera kubzala masharubu kuchokera kwa omwe mumakonda, kapena mbewu kachiwiri. Inde, amapatsa masharubu makamaka mchaka choyamba.
Lenamall//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=432&start=20
Pali njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kumera mbewu za sitiroberi. Tengani chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi chivindikiro chowonekera, mapiritsi a peat, kutsanulira pamadzi. Mapiritsi akatupa, mbewu imakhala pamwamba. Amatseka chivundikirocho ndi dzuwa.Ndibwino kuti mulowetse nyemba mu biostimulator musanabzike. Mitundu yambiri yomwe ikukonza "imagwira" kwa zaka zosaposa ziwiri. Ndikothekanso kufalitsa masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi zipatso. Komano, ngati Michurinist wachichepere, kuswana, kusankha njira zopambana, popeza kuipukutira kumakhudza genetics ya mbewu ndipo sikuti nthawi zonse kumakhala kwabwinoko. Kuchokera pa mbewu, kuphatikiza pa kukonza mitundu yaying'ono yazipatso, mitundu yatsopano yatsopano imapezeka nthawi zonse kuchokera pakuvunda.
Mig 33//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=432&start=20
Yabzala mbewu za sitiroberi kangapo, mabulosi abwino amakula, makamaka mitundu yosintha. Nthawi zonse ndimabzala piritsi la peat, pamtunda. Ndimayika mapiritsiwo mu chidebe cha chakudya kapena chilichonse, kuti ndikhale ndi chivundikiro chowonekera. Zilowerereni bwino ndi madzi, kufalitsa mbewu, chivundikiro ndi chivundikiro kwa masabata 2-3 mufiriji yamasamba. Kubzala ndalama mu Januware -February. Kenako ndimatulukira pamalo owala, sinditsegula chivundikiro ndisanaphuke. Momwe mungatulutsire, nthawi ndi nthawi kupatsirana, madzi okha mumtsuko, mapiritsi ochokera pansi amatenga madzi. Mu Januwale, idabzala sitiroberi yopanda zopanda pake, ndipo mu Ogasiti chaka chimenecho zipatso zoyambirira zidadyedwa.
Diana//www.forumdacha.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=432&start=20
Mbeu za Strawberry zimafunikira kufesedwa panthaka yokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa (ngati sichili pamenepo, mutha kuchikanda mu mufiriji). Phimbani chidebe chofesa ndi kapu kapena chikwama ndi firiji kwa sabata limodzi. Kutuluka. Kenako ikani malo abwino otentha. Mphukira zimawoneka mosiyanasiyana pakapita milungu itatu.
Julia2705//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-iz-semjan.109231/
Nthawi yofesa mbewu za sitiroberi ndiyo khumi yoyamba ya February. Pakaphuka mphukira (osapitirira 50% ya kuchuluka kwa njere) ndipo akapereka masamba 2-3, mbande zimafunika kuthothoka ndikuzambalala. Kupanda kutero, pakuyamba kubzala m'nthaka, ndizongotuluka.
Cege//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-iz-semjan.109231/
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroberi idakulitsidwa nthangala mobwerezabwereza. Chofunikira kwambiri - musawaze mbewu, kuphimba ndi lapansi - simudzaona mbande. Anawaza mbewu panthaka yonyowa, yokutidwa ndi cellophane, ndikuyiwalika kwa milungu iwiri. Mbedza zokhomera zidaziyikidwa mapaipi kuti zisaswe. Ndiye kutola ndi kutera mu nthaka, ngati mbewu iliyonse.
Leksa//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-iz-semjan.109231/
Ndimafalitsa ma juzi ndi ma rosette. Mbande zitha kugulidwa kapena kugulidwa pa mbewu zawo, zomwe zakula pamabowo akuchiberekero cha chiberekero. Maseke abwino kwambiri ali pafupi ndi chitsamba. Ndikofunikira kuti musachokerepo kupitirira atatu pakubwera kamodzi. Ndipo pachomera chimodzi cha chiberekero payenera kukhala mphukira zisanu. Maluwawa akangotuluka, ndimawakonza m'nthaka yonyowa. Mutha kuyika zitsulo yomweyo m'miphika yaying'ono, ndikukuza pansi. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kukula ma rosette ndi zipatso nthawi yomweyo pazomera za chiberekero, ndiye kuti maluwa oyamba amafunika kuchotsedwa. Kuyambira tchire la chaka chachiwiri, mbande zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka.
Elena2010//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/376-razmnozhenie-zemlyaniki
Mukagawa chitsamba cha sitiroberi, muyenera kudula mosamala kapena kuwaza ndi fosholo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo kuti muzu. Ngati chitsamba chanu sichimapatsa masharubu, ndiye kuti muli ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe iyenera kufalidwa ndikugawa chitsamba. Musachite mantha - iyi ndi njira yabwinobwino yamitundu yosusnyh. Mutha kuyesa kufalitsa mbewu, koma izi ndi zowopsa - pakhoza kukhala maluwa.
Zosia//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=52&t=1994
Zimachitika kuti pachitsamba cha sitiroberi mpaka mpaka malo 6 mpaka 6 amapangidwe. Koma ndikofunika kuti musabweretse ku boma lotereli ndikukhala magawo kale. Ndili ndi sitiroberi remontant, kamene ndimayikanso pogawa chitsamba. Dulani pang'ono chitsamba ndi mpeni ndi muzu.
N_at_a//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=52&t=1994
Ndikumba chitsamba cha sitiroberi. Kenako ndimatsitsa mumtsuko wamadzi. Igona pomwepo mpaka kuchuluka kwa dziko lapansi pamizu kukagwera pansi pa thankiyo. Pambuyo pake, ndimatenga gawo limodzi ndi dzanja langa ndikugwedeza chitsamba mokoma. Mizu yomwe imatulutsidwa popanda kudula.
Guis//chudo-ogorod.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=52&t=1994
Kusinthasintha pafupipafupi komanso kwakanthawi kwa mabedi ndi sitiroberi ndiye chinsinsi chokolola zochuluka pachaka. Munjira yomweyi palibiretu chilichonse chosokoneza, ngakhale wokonda m'munda atha kuzichita. Njira yokhayo imasankhidwa potengera zomwe amakonda, komanso mtundu wa sitiroberi ndi mtundu wa chitsamba. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, mbewu zatsopano zimamera msanga ndikuyamba kubala zipatso.
