Chapakatikati, mavitamini ndi ochepa kwambiri, omwe amatha kupezeka kuchokera ku masamba ndi zipatso zatsopano. Pali ma nitrate ambiri pazogulidwa, koma ndizowona kuti mukule chakudya chachilengedwe ngati muli ndi nyumba yanu yachilimwe. Zomera zina zimakhala zoyenera kubzala nthawi yachisanu. Zabzalidwa nthawi ya kugwa, ndipo nthawi yamasika, nthawi yachilimwe ikangoyamba kumene, zokolola zayamba kale kukolola.
Selari
Pali mitundu itatu ya udzu winawake: muzu, tsamba ndi petiole (saladi). Popeza mbewu za chikhalidwe ichi zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira, nthawi yambiri imadutsa mbande isanamera. Chifukwa chake, mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe chimakula mu mbande. Koma ngati kufesa kwa dzinja kumachitika, zovuta ndi kulima zitha kupewedwa.
Kubzala m'nyengo yozizira, ndizikhalidwe zamitundu mitundu zokha zomwe ndizoyenera, koma mutha kusankha zamtundu uliwonse.
Kulima bwino kumadalira zinthu zingapo:
- Nthawi. Palibe masiku enieni obzala, koma muyenera kuganizira za nyengo za gawolo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika ndi isanayambike kulimbikira kuzizira, koma chisanu chisanachitike. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu nthawi kutentha kukatsika mpaka zero popanda kutentha kwadzaoneni.
- Kusankhidwa kwa tsamba. Bedi liyenera kukhala pa kaphiri kakang'ono. Kenako, kutentha pakubwera, matalala amasungunuka mwachangu pa iye, nthaka imayamba kutentha ndipo mbande zimawonekera mwachangu.
- Kugwirizana ndiukadaulo waulimi. Mizere yakuya mpaka masentimita asanu imapangidwa pabedi lomwe lakonzedwa. Finyani zinthu zobzala pamwamba ndi dothi lachonde, 2 cm wandiweyani, kenako ndikufalitsa 2-3 mulch.
Kuyambira pamwambapo, ndikofunikira kuti muziphimba bedi lamundawo ndi nthambi za spruce kapena nthambi zouma. Chapakatikati, chisanu chikayamba kusungunuka, pogona chimachotsedwa, ndipo mulch imachotsedwa itayamba kuwonekera.
Zomera za saladi
Letesi wa masamba ndi imodzi mwazomera zosavuta kubzala. Amatuluka mwachangu komanso mwamtendere, ndipo masamba atadulidwa amakula.
Mbewu zimadziwika ndi kumera bwino komanso kumera ngakhale kuzizira kozizira. Kupeza amadyera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kufesa kumachitika mu Disembala, panthaka yachisanu.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya saladi yofesa nthawi yozizira imawonedwa kuti Gourmet, Vitamini, Rhapsody ndi Sonata. Mbewu zimatsekeka m'miyala, yakuya yopitilira 2 cm, yokonkhedwa yoyamba ndi peat, kenako ndi chipale chofewa. Popeza chodzala chomera chimamera msanga, sichifunikira akuwukha kapena chisamaliro china. Mutha kungochoka pabedi mpaka masika. Pokonzekera kusungunuka kwa chipale chofewa, mbewuzo zimalandira chinyezi chokwanira, ndipo posachedwa mphukira zazing'ono zimawonekera pamwamba pa peat.
Katsabola
Chipatsochi sichimakonda kusinthasintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha, kotero kuti chisanu sichikuwopseza masika.
Katsabola ndi wopanda ulemu kotero kuti zimabereka bwino podzibzala. Ngati pakhala pali bedi la zobiriwira m'mundamo kuyambira nthawi ya masika, ndipo mbewu zidatsanulidwa kuchokera kumaambulera pansi, zimatha kumera ngakhale kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, ndipo mutha kutola zipatso mpaka matalala agwa.
Palibe zovuta zapadera pakubzala kwa nyengo yachisanu. Monga mbewu zam'mbuyomu, mbewu sizifunikira kunyowa. Amatsekeka ndi ma groves akuya masentimita 2-3 ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi. Kuchokera pamwamba ndikofunikira kuphimba bedi ndi peat ndi masamba adagwa. Pa mita iliyonse ya m'mundamo, magalamu 2-3 a mbewu adzafunika. Mitundu ya Shrub imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino: Tenderness, Hercules kapena Fireworks.
Katran
Katran ndi chikhalidwe chatsopano m'mabedi athu. Ambiri amalitcha kuti mtundu wophunzitsidwa bwino wa horseradish. Mizu ya mbewuzi imafanana komanso imakoma, koma katran, mosiyana ndi horseradish, imakula bwino ndipo samafuna kumiza masamba ena m'mundamo.
Kubzala chikhalidwe ichi ndi mbewu, kapena zidutswa zamizu, zimaloledwa kokha nthawi yozizira. Popeza ali m'nthaka yozizira, amapitilizidwa zachilengedwe. Amapinda m'matumba ang'onoang'ono mpaka 3 cm, ndikuwazidwa ndi chipale chofewa (20-25 cm) pamwamba. Chapakatikati, mphukira zazing'ono zimalowa m'mundamo. Ndikotheka kudya muzu ndi masamba a chomera pokhapokha zaka zitatu, pomwe chikhalidwecho chitha kukhwima mwaukadaulo.
Parsley
Mbeu za Parsley, monga udzu winawake, zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunika, motero nthawi yambiri imadutsa mbande isanachitike. Koma, mukabzala izi nthawi yozizira, kumayambiriro kwa masika mutha kudula zitsamba zatsopano.
Pofesa nthawi yozizira, mitundu ya Italian Giant, Kucheryavets ndi Universal imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mbewu sizimafunikira kuti zikhatiridwe. Zofesedwa zouma, m'mabande osaya ndi kubwera kwa chimfine. Pa mita lalikulu lililonse, 0,8 magalamu a mbewu adzafunika. Kuyambira nthawi yophukira, ma arc adayika pabedi lamundawo. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, chisanu chisanasungunuke, amawakoka kanema. Pogona panjapo, chipale chofewa chimasungunuka mwachangu, ndipo kutentha komweko kumathandizira kumera kwa mbeu.
Zambiri
Mbeu zamera zimamera mwachangu kwambiri, ngakhale kumatentha kwambiri. Poganizira izi, kufesa nthawi yachisanu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera masamba oyamba kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Mutha kusankha mtundu wamtundu uliwonse, koma Carmen, Mercado, Llightouse ndi Spartak amawerengedwa kuti ndi abwino kwambiri. Amalawa zabwino popanda zolemba zowawa, tchire siligwirizana ndi maluwa, ndipo ma voids sakupanga masamba.
Mbewu zofesedwa m'minda yopanda nthaka panthaka youma. Nthawi yokwanira ndichaka chachitatu cha Disembala. Pa mita lalikulu lililonse m'deralo mumafunikira magalamu asanu ndi limodzi a 5-6. Finyani peat pamwamba pa kama, kenako chisanu.
Beetroot
Kubzala beets nthawi yachisanu kumalola mbewu kuti idutse kuuma kwachilengedwe. Kenako kasupe chikhalidwe sichidzawopa chisanu, ndipo mphukira ziziwoneka zamphamvu.
Pali mitundu yapadera ya beets yofesa nthawi yozizira: Ozizira osagwira 19, Polar flat ndi Podzimnaya.
Kubzala nyengo yachisanu kuchitidwa motere:
- Mbewu sizinanyowe kale, koma zimayikidwa pansi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mu Novembala, pomwe kutentha kwa mzindaku kumagwa mpaka zero, ndipo nthaka ikuuma mpaka -4 ° C.
- Zomera zobzala zimayikidwa panthaka youma mtunda wa 10 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Finyani pamwamba pa bedi ndi nthaka yachonde, kenako ndikukhazikitsa pech mulch, 3 cm.
Bedi lotere silifunikira chisamaliro chowonjezera. Kuthirira sikofunikira, chifukwa mbewu zouma zofesedwa m'nthaka youma zimapatsa mbewu zolimba komanso zopatsa thanzi.
Garlic
Pakubzala nthawi yachisanu mitundu yokha ya adyo ndiyabwino. Mutu wake umakhala ndi mano akuluakulu a 4-12 okhala ndi chipolopolo. Amapangidwa ndi mzere wozungulira ndodo yolimba.
Njira yolimira mbewuyi ikuphatikiza magawo angapo:
- Pabedi lokonzedwa, pangani mizere motalikirana 25 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kuzama kwamaluwa ndi masentimita 3-15. Mwambiri, kuzizira kwambiri m'chigawo cha dzinja, mano ozama amayenera kuphatikizidwa.
- Ngati dothi louma kwambiri, limathiriridwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Izi sizingangopaka nthaka
- Mano amabzalidwa pamtunda wa 10 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kuwakakamira kwambiri mu nthaka sikofunikira, chifukwa izi zimachepetsa mapangidwe a mizu.
Finyani manyowa pamwamba pa kama, kenako mulch ndi masamba agwa, peat kapena singano za paini.
Uta
Ngati chiwembucho chili ndi dimba pomwe nkhaka, phwetekere kapena nyemba zidalimidwa kale, mu nthawi ya chilimwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubzala anyezi nthawi yachisanu.
Zikhalidwe zamtundu uliwonse ndizoyenera kubzala nyengo yachisanu: anyezi wakuda, batun, shallot kapena sevok.
Ndikofunikira kusankha tsiku loyandikira. Anyezi amafunika kukhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu isanayambike nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti imayikiridwa pansi masabata awiri isanakwane chisanu chokhazikika.
Tekinoloji yobzala ndiofanana ndi ya adyo: mitu imalowetsedwa m'mango ndi dothi louma motalikirana ndi 10 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mizere yapamwamba imakonkhedwa ndi dothi lachonde ndi mulched. Munthawi imeneyi, kamawu umakhalabe mpaka masika. Ndi isanayambike kutentha, malo ogona amachotsedwa.
Kabichi wofiyira
Kubzala kabichi yofiira nthawi yozizira ndi njira yachilendo yobera, yomwe imakupatsani mphamvu mbande zolimba kumayambiriro kwamasika. Mutasinthira kumalo okhazikika, zitsamba izi zimapanga mitu kale.
Mwa mbewuzo, Gako-741 ndi Stonehead-447 ndizoyenera kubzala nthawi yachisanu.
Kabichi yofesa nthawi yozizira imakhala ndi mfundo zake:
- Mbewu ziyenera kukhala zouma, ndipo zikufunika kufesedwa 20-40% kuposa masiku onse, monga mbali yodzala itayipitsa chisanu.
- Kuti mbewu zisayambe kumera nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mbande zimangobwera masika, zimafesedwa m'nthaka yachisanu. Kutentha kwa dothi sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa +3 ° C.
- Popeza mbande zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbande, mbewuzo zingabzalidwe m'malo osiyanasiyana komanso wogawana panthawi yonseyo.
Kubzala zinthu kumakonkhedwa ndi dothi lachonde, lokonzedwa pasadakhale, ndikuwazidwa ndi utuchi kapena nthambi za spruce pamwamba. M'madera okhala ndi kuzizira, malo okhala ndi spanbond ali ndi zida zambiri. Pofika kutentha kwa masika, chitetezo chimachotsedwa.
Kaloti
Si mitundu yonse ya kaloti yoyenera kubzala nyengo yachisanu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosakhazikika yoyambirira komanso yapakatikati kucha: Chantane, Moscow Zima, Nantes kapena Vitamini.
Kubzala kumachitika musanayambe chisanu, panthaka youma. Miyezo yamitengo iliyonse imakulitsidwa, chifukwa mbali yakubzala idzafa chifukwa cha chisanu.
Dongosolo lofesa ndi motere: Mbewu zouma zimabzalidwa m'mizere yotalika ndi masentimita awiri, ndikuwazidwa ndi nthaka youma, yotentha pamwamba ndikuwonjezera 2 cm ya peat kapena humus. Pofika nyengo yachisanu, bedi limakonkhedwa ndi chipale chofewa ndikusindikizidwa ndi nthambi zanthete.
Titha kunena kuti pafupifupi zonse zachilengedwe zam'munda ndizoyenera kubzala m'nyengo yozizira. Koma kuti tipeze mbewu zamtundu wathanzi ndi zamphamvu, lamulo limodzi liyenera kuonedwa: mbeu zouma zokha zomwe zafesedwa, popanda kuyambitsa kapena kumera. Kenako mbewuzo zidzaumitsidwa nthawi yachisanu, ndipo nthawi yophukira zimaphukira.
