Hamedorea ndi chomera chotsika chokhala ndi masamba okongola a emarodi. Ndi banja la Palm, ngakhale likuwoneka bwino kwambiri. Madyera ofiira owala kwambiri amakongoletsa, chifukwa chomeracho nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera zam'nyumba ndi maofesi. Kuphatikiza apo, chamedorea samakongoletsa zamkati zokha, koma chimayeretsa mpweya ndikuyamwa zodetsa zoyipa. Kunyumba, masamba a kanjedza amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga saladi. Mwachilengedwe, chamedorea imatha kupezeka m'malo ophulika amvula komanso kumapeto kwa South ndi Central America. Chifukwa chofanana ndi nsapato zopyapyala ndi nsungwi, zimatchedwanso "kanjedza ka bamboo".
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Hamedorea - yokongola deciduous osatha chomera. Imakhala ndi chizimba cholimba komanso tsinde lotsika. Mphukira zowongoka zochokera kwa iwo. M'malo akunyumba, kutalika kwa msambo kumapitilira 2-2.3 m Chaka chilichonse, chamedorea amakula masamba awiri okha a 1-2, motero palibe chifukwa chodikirira chitukuko chamlingo wotentha. Mphukira zingapo zoonda zimamera pachinthu chimodzi nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo izioneka ngati chitsamba.
Masamba amalimbikira kumtunda kwa mphukira. Akamakalamba, masamba am'munsi amagwera, ndikusiya mphete yowala pamafilimu owuma pa tsinde. Pamwambapa pali mitundu yambiri ya mitengo yoyala yobiriwira. Kutalika kwa pepala limodzi kumafikira masentimita 40. Ili ndi mawonekedwe olimba kapena pang'ono pang'ono kumapeto. Mitsempha yofananira ikuwoneka pamtunda.
Hamedorea ndi mbewu yabwino, ndiye kuti, maluwa amtundu uliwonse payokha amatulutsa maluwa amphongo ndi amuna. Amawoneka m'matumbo a masamba. Pazitali zazitali zooneka ngati maluwa, maluwa achimuna amasonkhana. Mawonekedwe, amafanana ndi mipira yaying'ono yachikaso kapena yofiyira. Ma inflorescence amatulutsa fungo lamphamvu, losangalatsa. Ma inflorescence pawokha amawoneka ngati mimosa. Maluwa achikazi amakhala okha pawokha ndipo amakhala utoto wa lalanje kapena wachikasu.
Kuti mupeze zipatso kunyumba, mutha kuwabzala mumphika umodzi kapena malo miphika ndi mbewu zazimuna ndi zazikazi pafupi ndi iwo. Kupangika kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo. Omwe alimi ena amadzisankhira mungu ndi burashi. Pambuyo pakuchavulira, zipatso zazing'onoting'ono zimacha mpaka 6 mm mulifupi. Amakhala ndi khungu lakuda komanso nyama yowutsa mudyo. Pakatikati pali mbewu imodzi.
Alimi osadziwa zambiri nthawi zambiri zimawavuta kusiyanitsa khansa ya m'mimba ndi chamesorea. Ena amakhulupirira kuti awa ndi mayina osiyanasiyana a chomera chomwecho, koma pali kusiyana. Ngakhale manja awiri ali ofanana, khwalayo imakula mwachangu ndipo patadutsa zaka zochepa ndiyotsogola kwambiri kwa chamedorea kutalika. Ngakhale mkati mwake, khasu amatha kutalika mosavuta mpaka 3-4 m. Imakhazikika kumtunda kwa mphukira ndipo imamera mulu.
Mitundu yotchuka ya Hamedorea
Mitundu ya Hamedorea imaphatikizapo mitundu 107 ya mbewu, komabe, ena mwa iwo ndi odziwika mu chikhalidwe.
Hamedorea wachisomo (elegans, wokongola). Mphukira zowonda zimakula kutalika kwa 1.5-2 m, ndipo zokha ndi 2,5-3c. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchokera pa mpweya umodzi umamera mpaka 7. Tsamba lililonse losanjidwa ndi pini limapindika mu arc. Imakula ndi 0,4-1 m kutalika. Magawo a lanceolate owala obiriwira obiriwira amakula 8-10 pawiri pa petiole imodzi. Zosiyanasiyana zimamera bwino m malo mchipinda ndipo nthawi zambiri zimamasula.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizotchuka kwambiri. hamedorea bridble. Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi chomera chachikulu, koma chimasiyana mu chowonda komanso kununkhira kowonjezereka. Kutalika kwa mtengo wa kanjedza pamenepa sikuti kupitirira 1.5 m.
Hamedorea mkulu. Chaka chilichonse, mphukira zatsopano zimamera kuchokera muzu womwewo. Zoyimitsidwa zolimba ndizofanana ndi mphukira za msungwi. Mphete zowala za masamba ogwa zimakhalabe pamtunda. Pamwamba pa thunthu lirilonse pali masamba amitundu 6 a masamba obiriwira. Ma loboti atali-lanceolate ali ndi malire. Amakula pazitali zazitali. Pakutha maluwa, maluwa owala a lalanje amawoneka ngati fungo labwino.
Hamedorea Ernest-Augustus. Zomera zimamera pachinthu chimodzi kuchokera pamizu. Zowoneka pamtunda wake ndizochepa. Makanema owuma kuchokera masamba adagwa amakhalabe mwa iwo. Komanso mizu yamlengalenga imatha kupangika m'magawo, zomwe zimathandizira kuti mitunduyi izifalitsa zipatso zake (zodulidwa). Masamba opitilira muyeso omwe ali ndi m'mphepete mwa magawo amapezeka kumtunda kwa mphukira. Nthawi zina malekezero awo amakhala osiyana. Masamba a penti ndi utoto wakuda. Pakutha maluwa, maluwa ofiira omwe amapangika, amatengedwa m'miyezi yayikulu yotulutsa inflorescence.
Hamedorea ndi mtundu umodzi. Mtengowo umasinthika bwino mchipinda ndipo umadziwika kuti ndiwosazindikira, motero umatchuka kwambiri. Mphukira zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Kutalika kwamkati sikapitilira mita 1. Madera angapo opyapyala amapanga chitsamba chokulirapo, pamwamba pake pamakhala masamba obiriwira a masamba ena owoneka bwino okhala ndi zigawo zazifupi. Ngakhale mbewu zazing'ono zimayamba kuphuka msanga, kusungunuka kwamaso ndi kuwala kwa kuwala kwachikasu.
Njira zolerera
Hamedorea ofalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi ana. Pofalitsa mbewu, mbewu zatsopano zokhwima bwino ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma mu nkhani iyi, kumera kudzakhala kotsika. Wobiriwira pang'ono wokhala ndi mchenga ndi peat nthaka wakonzedwa kuti ubzale. Asanafesere kwa masiku 5, njere zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi ofunda ndikuphatikizira ndi mphamvu zowonjezera ("Palm", "Zircon"). Mbewuzo zimayikidwa ndi 1 cm, ndiye kuti chotengera chidakutidwa ndi zinthu zowonekera ndikuyika m'chipinda chomwe kutentha kwa + 22 ... + 25 ° C. M'pofunika mpweya wabwino ndi kupopera nthaka tsiku lililonse, kukhalabe ndi chinyezi. Kuti kumera bwino, kutentha pang'ono kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbande ziyenera kuyembekezeredwa masiku 30 mpaka 40, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina njirayi imachedwetsedwa mpaka miyezi 4. Mbewu zikamakula, zimasinthidwa kukhala miphika ing'onoing'ono. Nthawi zina amabzala mitengo iwiri kuti ipange korona wakuda.
Mukukula, njira zoyambira zapansi zimapangidwa pafupi ndi chomera chachikulu. Ndi chodzala cham'madzi, chimatha kupatukana ndikugwetsedwa payokha. Njirayi ndiyosavuta komanso yopweteka. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mwana ali ndi mizu yake yomwe idakula bwino, apo ayi sanakonzekere kudzikuza.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira pakhomo
Kusamalira chipinda cha kanjedza nkwapafupi. Sichifuna kudzutsidwa pafupipafupi. Chamedorea imasinthidwa ngati pakufunika, pomwe mizu yake imadzaza mphika wonse ndikuwonekera kudzera m'maenje okuya. Popeza mmera umakula pang'onopang'ono, kumuwonjezera kumachitika nthawi iliyonse ya zaka 1-3. Tchire zazikulu zazikulu mumachubu zimangotenga gawo la kumtunda kwa gawo lapansi.
Pofuna kuti asawononge mizu yovuta, amayesetsa kusunga dongo lakale. Amakhulupirira kuti mu chidebe cholimba chomera chimakula bwino ndipo chimaphuka pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti mphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Mabowo olowetsa pansi amapangidwa pansi pake ndipo kansanjidwe kakatemera kapena dongo lotukulidwa limatsanuliridwa. Pobzala, nthaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe ili ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- peat;
- turf nthaka;
- decusuous humus;
- mzati.
Nthaka imathiridwa ndimadzi owira musanagwiritse ntchito, kenako ndikuuma. Njira imeneyi imafunikira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuwala Popeza pansi pa chilengedwe chilengedwe cha chamedorea chimamera pansi pa korona wamitengo yotentha, chimakhala bwino mumthunzi wochepa kapena kuwala kowala. Kuwala kwamadzulo mwachindunji, makamaka masana m'chilimwe, kumatha kuyambitsa mawanga a bulauni pamasamba (kuwotcha). Chomera chimatha kubzala bwino popanda kuwala kwachilengedwe, pokhapokha ngati kuwala kwa nyali. Masana otere ayenera kusungidwa kwa maola 10-12.
Kutentha Kuti mitengo ya kanjedza ikhale yofananira, pamafunika kutentha pang'ono kutentha (+ 20 ... + 27 ° C). M'nyengo yozizira, chiwerengerochi chimatsitsidwa ku + 12 ... + 16 ° C, komabe, zosintha zonse ziyenera kuyenda bwino, popanda kudumpha. M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kupita ndi chomera kupita kumweya watsopano, koma chitetezo ndichofunikira ndikofunikira.
Chinyezi Chameleorrhea imakula bwino ndi chinyezi cha mpweya cha 50% ndi pamwamba. Pamalo ouma, mbewu zimapopera nthawi zonse ndikusambitsidwa nthawi zonse. Ngati nsonga za masamba zikapitirira kuuma, ikani thireyi ndi madzi kapena timiyala tonyowa pafupi.
Kuthirira. Chapakatikati kapena chilimwe, chamedorea nthawi zambiri imamwetsa madzi, chifukwa korona wobiriwira amasintha chinyezi. Pankhaniyi, nthaka ya dothi iyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yopuma.
Feteleza. Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Okutobala, njira yothira feteleza wopangira mchere imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka yokongoletsera komanso masamba osiririka amkati. Chaka chonse, kudyetsa sikumachitika.
Kudulira. Ikamuma, muyenera kuchotsa masamba apansi, koma osachepetsa pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, nthambi siyichita bwino. Mtengo wa kanjedza umangoima mutakula, kenako ndikufa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Chamedorrhea imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso sichikhala ndi matenda. Ndikusamalira mosayenera, kusefukira kwamvula m'nthaka kapena madzi ambiri kuthilira, pinki zowola, kumera masamba kapena chlorosis kumayamba. Monga njira yodzitetezera, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa ukadaulo waulimi ndikuyika mpweya mchipindacho. Masamba owonongeka amazidulira ndikuwathandizira ndi fungicide.
Zina mwa tizirombo tonyansa kwambiri ndi nthata ndi akangaude. Kuchokera kwa iwo, mbewu zimapoperedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilomboto mobwerezabwereza pakatha masiku 7-10.
