Peresia ndi mbewu yodabwitsa, yomwe, ngakhale ilipo masamba, ndi ya banja la Cactus. Iye ndi kholo la anthu ambiri omwe amadzichitira chipongwe, koma iye yemweyo sanachotse masambawo. Peresius cactus amakhala ku South America ndipo pachithunzichi ndi chitsamba chokongoletsera, chamaluwa. Alimi ochepa sangakane mwayi wogula Peresia ndipo zidzakhala zolondola. Chomera chobiriwirachi chidzakhala chokongoletsera chenicheni cha nyumba.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Pereskia ndi wobiriwira nthawi zonse ngati chitsamba chamamba. Mpweya wake ndi waukulu. Zimayambira pang'onopang'ono zimapangidwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuphimbidwa ndi makungwa ofiira, ofiira. Peresia imatha kukula mpaka 10 m kutalika, kukula kwa mphukira ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20. Pa nthambi zamtali zolimba, zazitali komanso zamtundu wina, masamba osalala kapena osalala.
Mbale ya ovoid kapena chowulungika chimakhala ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvu komanso kumapeto. Masamba opindika pang'ono m'chigawo chapakati, amapaka utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino. Pamaso pake pamakutidwa ndi khungu lowala lomwe limawateteza kuti asanyenthe kwambiri. Kutalika kwa pepalali ndi 1.5-5 cm.
Nthawi yamaluwa (chilimwe kapena yophukira), maluwa ambiri a axillary amapanga kumapeto kwa mphukira zazing'ono. Mosiyana ndi cacti ena, duwa la peregi lilibe chubu. Muli ndi ziphuphu za 8 zotseguka zotsekemera ndipo ndizokumbutsa kwambiri chiuno cha rose. Pakatikati pa bud ndi phata lamaso ambiri achikasu. Maluwa amatulutsa fungo lamphamvu kwambiri.
Pambuyo maluwa ku peresia, zipatso zamadzimadzi zozungulira kapena zozungulira zimacha. Zipatso ndi zosaneneka! Khungu la mwana wosabadwayo limakhala lonyezimira, lopindika kapena lachikasu. Mkati mwa mabulosiwo muli njere zakuda zingapo za sing'anga kapena zokulirapo.
Mitundu ya Pereskia
Mu mtundu wa Pereskia, muli mitundu 17. Munthawi zachilengedwe, zonsezo zimakula kwambiri, koma zikakula m'nyumba zimakhala yaying'ono, zitsamba zokongola kwambiri. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndi pereskiya molankhula. Chomera chimapanga chitsamba chachitali komanso chopindika. Zimayambira ndizophukidwa kwambiri komanso yokutidwa ndi timinofu tating'ono, tokhala tokhazikika. Kutalika kwa masamba atsitsi lalifupi ndi 9 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi masentimita 4. Masamba ake ndi olimba, obiriwira owala. Zomera zimatulutsa zazikulu (mpaka 5 cm), maluwa achikasu achikasu kapena oterera, omwe ali ndi fungo lamphamvu. Chipatso chokhala ndi khungu lalanje-lalanje chimafanana ndi mabulosi a jose wokhala ndi awiri awiri mpaka 2 cm.
Pereskia Godseff. Mtengowo uli ndi timabowo ting'onoting'ono, titakutidwa ndi timiyala tambiri tambiri. Masamba ozungulira omwe ali ndi m'mphepete momata amaphatikizika ndi tsinde ndi petioles lalifupi kwambiri. Kutalika kwa masamba kukafika masentimita 6. Tsamba lamasamba limapaka utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino ndi gawo lobiriwira pakati. Mbali yokhotakhota ya tsamba, mithunzi ya pinki kapena ya violet imakhala yayikulu. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi oyera kapena zonona.
Pereskia lalanje. Chomera chimakhala ndi mphukira wamtali, wopepuka wokhala ndi masamba akulu. Mitsempha yothandizira imatha kuwoneka pamasamba. Maluwa akuluakulu ofiira ofanana ndi ofanana ndi mitu ya m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 5-6. Amabala zipatsozo ndi zipatso zachikaso ndimayendedwe ang'onoang'ono omwe amapatsa kununkhira kwa chinanazi.
Pereskia Grandiflora. Mtengowo umakhala chitsamba chamtali, chomwe chimakutidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu obiriwira. Kutentha kukagwa mpaka + 10 ° C, mtunduwu umataya masamba ambiri. Maluwa akuluakulu a pinki amapanga ma inflorescence kumapeto kwa nthambi.
Pereskia Weber. Chomera chimapanga tchire totsimikizika yoyenera kupanga bonsai. Chomera chimadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri, omwe amapezeka mu Epulo-August. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera mbuu
Kukula
Peresia imafalikira mosavuta ndi mbewu ndi mizu yaudulidwe. Pofalitsa mbewu, mabokosi osakaniza ndi mchenga-peat amakonzedwa. Kubzala kumachitika bwino kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbewu zimayikidwa m'nthaka ndi 0,5-1 masentimita, kuthiriridwa madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Kutentha kwa dothi sikuyenera kugwa pansi + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera. Pobisalira pamwamba pawo amachotsedwa, ndikuwoneka masamba 4 enieni, mbande zitha kuziika popanda kuthira mumiphika ingapo.
Pochita kudula mizu, kolimba, koma osati lignified imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu kasupe kapena oyambirira chilimwe. Odula amadulidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa. Aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi osachepera 1-2. Mukangodula, kudula kumazika mizu osakanikirana ndi peat ndi perlite ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Kutentha kokwanira pamlengalenga pazomera ndi + 25 ... + 28 ° C. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mizu imawoneka pamadulidwe, ndipo amatha kukula popanda pogona. Mbande amazidulira mosamala miphika kuti zisaononge mizu yake yosalimba.
Zosamalidwa
Mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kunyumba, kusamalira ndalama sikovuta kwambiri. Chomera chojambulachi chimakonda mawonekedwe akumwera. Kutentha kwadzuwa, ndikofunikira kupanga mthunzi wocheperako wa kaciniyo kapena kuyisunthira kuchokera pawindo mpaka pansi pake. Kuwongolera kumathandizanso kuteteza masamba kuti asayatsidwa ndi dzuwa. Pereskia sachita mantha ndi zojambulajambula, choncho zitha kuchitidwa nthawi ya chilimwe pa khonde kapena m'munda. Kuphatikiza apo, chitetezo chamvula chimafunikira.
Kutentha kwampweya wabwino kwa chomera chachikulu ndi + 22 ... + 24 ° C. Pa masiku otentha muyenera kupindulira chipindacho pafupipafupi. Kuyambira pakati pa nthawi yophukira, kutentha pang'onopang'ono kumachepetsedwa mpaka + 12 ... + 16 ° C, kupereka nthawi yopanda zipatso. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuzizira pansi + 10 ° C kumapha.
Kuyambira Meyi mpaka Seputembala, zipatso za peresk zimamwetsa madzi nthawi zambiri. Kuyanika dothi lakumalo ndikololedwa. Potere, madzi onse owonjezera ayenera kusiya poto. Madzi osunthika poto nawonso siwofunikira, chifukwa amalimbikitsa kukula kwa bowa. Popeza kutentha kwa mpweya kumachepa, kuthirira sikuchepera. Ngati peresia ikayamba kugwa masamba, izi zimatha kuthirira.
Pereskia amalimbana ndi mpweya wouma, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena shawa yofunda sikungavulaze. Pakathirira madzi osalala, oyera.
Munthawi ya maluwa ndi masamba akhama, duwa la peregi lifunika zakudya zina zowonjezera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyimbo za cacti. Kuthirira pamwezi kumaphatikizidwa ndikuyambitsa theka la feteleza. Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti zigawo za nayitrogeni zizichepetsedwa, apo ayi mizu imatha kuvunda.
Peresia ili ndi mizu yabwino kwambiri, motero muyenera kuyisintha nthawi zambiri. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu kasupe kapena chilimwe ndi transshipment wa dothi chikomokere. Miphika iyenera kukhala yakuya ndi kachigawo kokwanira ka madzi. Kubzala, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha:
- pepala;
- dziko loumbika dongo;
- tsamba la humus;
- mchenga.
Pereskia amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Ikhoza kudwala mizu zowola ndi kuthirira kosayenera komanso chinyezi chambiri. Kuchepetsa kuthilira ndi kuthilira kumalo owuma kungathandizire kuteteza mbewu kuimfa. Ndikulimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antifungal.
Nthawi zina pereskia imagwidwa ndi mealybugs, thrips ndi nthata za akangaude. Kuthira tizirombo tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kuthana ndi tizirombo mwachangu.
