Fatsia ndi tchire lalitali, lopindika komanso masamba okongoletsera. Ndi a banja la Araliev ndipo amagawidwa ku East Asia (Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam). Munthawi zachilengedwe, nthenga zimamera ndipo zimapanga chitsamba chophuka mpaka mamita 6. M'matope athu, Fatsia wakula ngati mbewu imodzi ndi theka. Masamba akuluakulu osemedwa okhala ndi chonyezimira ndiye mwayi wopindulitsa wa Fatsia, ngakhale maluwa amathanso kuyembekezeredwa kuchokera pamenepo. Kuti chitsamba chikhale chokongola komanso chachikulu, malamulo angapo osavuta ayenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Fatsia ndi chitsamba chosatha. Ili ndi nthambi yofiyira ndipo imaphukira mwamphamvu ndi njira zina zamkati. Zomera zazing'ono ndizophimbidwa ndi khungwa la mtundu wobiriwira komanso mulu wakuda. Masamba omwe amakhala pamitengo italiitali amakula mosiyanasiyana kapena mosazungulira. Ali ndi khungu labwinobwino lakuda ndi mitsempha yopepuka. Masamba amawudula mu loboti wa 7-9, kutalika kwake kumafika 35 cm. Zomera zakale ndizophimbidwa ndi masamba odziwika bwino. Magawo a masamba amaloledwa; Masamba a m'munsi amakhala athunthu kapena amagawanika m'magulu awiriwa.
Zomera zazikulu pakati kapena nthawi yophukira zimakutidwa ndi maluwa. Ambulera yovuta kuphulika imakula pakati pa chitsamba. Imakula mpaka 30 cm m'mimba mwake ndipo imakhala ndi yaying'ono, yaying'ono ngati inflorescence mpaka 4 cm. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amitundu iwiri amapaka utoto woyera kapena zonona. Amakhala ndi ovary ndi zisanu zazitali zazitali. Mbale zamphongo zimafotokozedwa chofooka ndikufanana ndi malire afupiafupi wazungulira mozungulira.
Pambuyo popukutira, mwana wosabadwayo amapangidwa m'chiberekero cham'mimba mwa kamtengo kakang'ono kozungulira mpaka 500 cm. Utoto wakuda kapena wakuda. Zipatso zimawoneka zokongoletsa pang'ono ngati maluwa.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mtundu wa Fatsia ndiwopeka, ndiye kuti, umaimira mtundu umodzi wokha waukulu - fatsia japanese. Pamaziko ake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakanizidwa ndi yosakongoletsa yomwe siikhala yopatsa chidwi ndiyabwino. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba achilendo, kukula ndi mawonekedwe ena. Mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri:
- Argenteimarginatis - timapepala totsogola ndi chingwe choyera chosagawanika;
- Aureimarginatis - malire m'mphepete mwa masamba ali ndi mtundu wachikaso wagolide;
- Annelise - chifukwa chlorophyll yotsika masamba, amapaka utoto wathunthu wachikuda;
- Mazeri - chitsamba chotumphukira kwambiri, koma chosapangidwa ndi masamba obiriwira achikuda;
- Tsumugi Shibori - masamba oyera oyera oyera okhala ndi mawonekedwe obiriwira m'mitsempha.
Ambiri wamaluwa ali ndi chidwi ndi mtundu wa Fatsii ivy wosakanizidwa - fatshedera. Chomera chimakhala ndi masamba okongola akulu, koma mphukira zoonda. Zimayambira zimangirizidwa kuchirikizo kapena kumanzere kukapachika.
Malamulo ak kubereka
Fatsia imafalitsidwa ndi njere, kudula ndi kuyala. Pofalitsa mbewu, muyenera kupeza mbewu zatsopano. Akangosunga, amafesedwa mumiphika kapena m'mabokosi osaya ndi mchenga, kamba ndi masamba. Landings pafupi kwambiri mpaka masentimita 1. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu ndikuyikidwa m'chipinda chamdima ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa + 25 ... + 27 ° C. Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha masiku 25-30. Mbeu zazing'ono zimamera masamba athunthu. Akakula, onjezani mumiphika ing'onoing'ono. Akuleni pamalo abwino anayatsa, otentha.
Kufalitsa fatsia ndi odulidwa, mphukira za apical zokhala ndi masamba 1-2 zimadulidwa. Nthawi yabwino yoswana ndi nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe. Zodulidwazo amazika mu dothi lamchenga pamtunda wa kutentha kwa + 22 ... + 26 ° C. Kwa milungu ingapo imasungidwa pansi pa kapu. Impso zikayamba kukhazikika, pobisalira zitha kuchotsedwa.
Mphukira yapamwamba yopanda masamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga gawo la mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba idulani gawo la cortex mu mphete ndikuwongolera malo owonongeka ndi moss. Moss iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5-2, mizu yoyambirira idzawonekera. Mphukira imadulidwa m'munsi kuchokera pa chomeracho ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimadzalidwa mumphika ndi dothi la munthu wamkulu.
Fatsia ndi wokometsetsa, amatha kufalitsa ngakhale zidutswa za tsinde popanda masamba ndi masamba. Gawo loterolo limadulidwapo pakati ndikuyika pansi padziko lapansi, ndikusunthika pang'ono ndi dothi. Mphika umayikidwa pamalo otentha, owala ndikuwazidwa nthawi zonse. Njira zazing'ono ziwoneka posachedwa.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Fatsia ndi chomera chotsika. Amakula msanga komanso amasangalatsa chisoti chachifumu chofalikira.
Kuwala Duwa limamverera bwino mu dzuwa lowala ndi mloza pang'ono. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira kuyatsa kwambiri. Zomera zimawonekera kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa windowsill. M'chilimwe, masana otentha, amatetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembala, Fatsia imalimidwa bwino pabalaza kapena poyera.
Kutentha Mwakuwala bwino, Fatsia amakhala omasuka pa + 18 ... + 22 ° C. M'masiku otentha, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya uzikhala mchipindacho nthawi zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi ya masana itachepa, imasungidwa pamtengo wa + 10 ... + 15 ° C. Zomera zosakanizidwa sizilimbikitsidwa kuziziritsa pansi pa + 16 ° C.
Chinyezi. Fatsia amakonda kuposa chinyezi chpakati pamlengalenga. Kuti izi zitheke, chomeracho chimasambitsidwa nthawi zonse ndikumazidwa masamba ndi mfuti. M'nyengo yozizira, m'chipinda chozizira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikulimbikitsidwa, koma osayika maluwa pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi.
Kuthirira. Masamba akulu a Fatsia amatulutsa chinyezi chambiri, motero muyenera kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse. Nthaka ikauma, masamba amafota ndikufota, amathanso kungokhalidwa ndi chithandizo. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala pafupipafupi komanso kochulukirapo. Madzi ochulukirapo amathiridwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera pachomerapo.
Feteleza. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, katatu pamwezi, Fatsia imapangidwa umuna ndi michere yama michere yopanga masamba okongoletsera. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba sikumachitika.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika ndikuphwanya boma la ulimi wothirira, Fatsia ali ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus (zowola imvi, zowola mizu, powdery mildew). Chomera chomwe chimakhudzidwa chimachedwa kukula ndikufota. Utoto wamafuta kapena wazungu ungawonekere masamba. Poyambirira matendawa, kupatsirana ndi kuchira ndi fungicide kumathandiza. Mphukira zina zodwala zimadulidwa ndikuwonongeka. Fatsia majeremusi nthawi zambiri saukira. Itha kukhala nsabwe za m'masamba, zovala zakuda, zopondera, zipsera, nthata za akangaude. Tizirombo tikhazikika pa tsamba, chifukwa, timasamba timakutidwa ndi ma punctures ang'onoang'ono, achikasu kapena imvi. Kusamba pansi pa shafa lotentha (45 ° C) ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Karbofos, Actellik) kumathandizira kuchotsa tizilombo.
