Ehmeya ndi chomera chamkati, chomwe chimadziwika osati masamba okongoletsera okha, komanso maluwa okongola modabwitsa. Inflorescence yowala yowala ungayerekezedwe ndi firework kapena nyenyezi yodabwitsa. Mtengowo ndi wa banja la Bromeliad, kotero maluwa amatha kuonedwa kamodzi pamoyo wawo wonse. Dziko lakwawo ndi gawo lotentha kwambiri ku Latin America, pomwe mbewu zimakhazikika pamitengo yamitengo ikuluikulu. Pankhaniyi, echmea amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso mphamvu. Samabweretsa mavuto osafunikira, koma amakopa chidwi chonse.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Ehmeya ndi herbaceous osatha wokhala ndi masamba ofunda achikopa. Mwachilengedwe, kutalika kwa masamba kumatha kufikira mamita awiri, koma zolembera nyumba ndizosiyana pang'ono. Kutalika kumayambira 30-90 cm.Pakati, masamba ndi 20-50 cm. Tsamba lolinganiza kapena lamba lokhala ndi lamba lakhala ndi masanjidwe abwino komanso malekezero osongoka kapena ozungulira. Masamba amapanga rosette yozungulira kumunsi yokhala ndi chowongolera pakati. Pamaso masamba obiriwira akuda pali mawonekedwe osokonekera a mizere ya siliva ndi mawanga. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mosiyanasiyana.
Echmea ndi epiphyte, chifukwa chake mizu yake imapangidwa makamaka kuti ikhale pamtengo wina. Duwa limalandira chakudya chachikulu kudzera mumasamba. Pa kukula, kuwonjezera pa rosette yayikulu masamba, mphukira zam'mbali zimapangidwa. Mphukira iliyonse imatha kuphuka. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika patatha zaka 3-4 ndipo zimatha ndikumwalira.
Munthawi ya maluwa, inflorescence yayikulu imaphukira pamtengo wakuda wonenepa. Itha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe kapena oyenera. Pakati pazitali zazitali, zowala bwino zokhala ndi lanceolate, masamba ang'onoang'ono amawoneka. Mu inflorescence imodzi, mithunzi ingapo ya maluwa apinki, ofiirira, abuluu kapena lilac ikhoza kuphatikizidwa. Aliyense inflorescence amasangalatsa mwiniwake kwa miyezi ingapo. Pambuyo kupukutira, zipatso zipse - zipatso zazing'onozing'ono. Mkati mwake muli njere zazing'ono zazitali.
Yang'anani! Ehmeya ndi chakupha, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kudya zipatso zake mulimonse. Popeza kuti msuzi umayambitsa mkwiyo kwambiri pakhungu, magolovu ayenera kuvalidwa pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi mbewuyo, kenako manja ayenera kutsukidwa bwino.
Malingaliro odziwika
Mitundu ya ehmei ndiyosiyanasiyana, imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya mitundu.
The ehmea ndi mikwingwirima. Masamba ofanana ndi chikopa mpaka 60 masentimita amatengedwa mumphika yayitali kwambiri. M'mbali mwa masamba pang'ono pang'ono. Pamwamba pa pepalalo papenti utoto utoto wonyezimira, pomwe pali miyala ya siliva. Mano ang'onoang'ono osasuntha amawonekera m'mphepete. Mtundu wa inflorescence pamtondo wowongoka ndi wamtali wamasentimita 30. Umakhala ndi piramidi kapena mawonekedwe. Mwa maluwa okongola a pinki ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ofiira.
Ehmey Weilbach. Masamba ofiira ofiira a xiphoid amtundu wa mzere amapanga gawo loyimira. Kutalika kwa pepala lalikulu sikokwanira masentimita 50. Ili ndi magawo osalala osapindika. Mtundu wa inflorescence pamtundu wofiyira mpaka 35 masentimita uli ndi mawonekedwe amtundu. Maluwa akulu opakidwa pansi pansi amapakidwa utoto wofiirira, ndipo pakati pawo maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi miyala ya lilac buluu amawoneka.
Ezeulu wapindika. Mtengowo umakhala ndi masamba obiriwira opingasa omwe amamera pamodzi mu khola lalikulu. Tsamba ndilotalika 40 masentimita ndi 1.5 masentimita. M'mphepete mwa masamba amakutidwa ndi spines lakuthwa. Mtundu wamtunduwu umafalikira kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Amakhala ndi brark of red la trialmular ndi maluwa apinki.
Ehmeya kuterera. Kufalitsa masamba oyera a masamba owoneka ngati lamba kumapangika posangalatsa. Kutalika kwa tsamba ndi 40 cm komanso m'lifupi mwake mpaka masentimita 6. Pamaso masamba amapaka utoto wakuda ndi milozo zazitali zazitali. Mizu yama inflorescence imakhala ndi matuza a korali ndi maluwa ofiira.
Ehmeya mulibe. Masamba ofiira okwanira amakula mozungulira mabatani angapo ndikupanga chofunda chachikulu. Zingwe zazitali zofiirira zimawoneka m'mbali zawo. Pansi pa inflorescence yooneka ngati kakhanda imakutidwa ndi mabulangeti ofiira. Tsamba lake limakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu achikasu omwe satseguka pang'ono.
Kufalikira kwa ehmei
Ehmey ofalitsidwa pofesa mbewu kapena ana ozika mizu. Chomera chaching'ono chimamasula kwa zaka 3-4 za moyo. Ana kapena njira zina zamtsogolo zokhala ndi mizu yaying'ono zimalekanitsidwa zikafika gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kapena theka kutalika kwa chomera cha mayi. Amabzalidwa mumiphika ing'onoing'ono kumayambiriro kasupe. Malo odulira mwana ndi chomera cha mayi ayenera owazidwa ndi makala owala. Mbande zazing'ono zimazolowera malo atsopano ndipo sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Musathamange kutaya chomera cha mayi chopanda kanthu. Imatha kupanga njira zina zotulutsa maulendo angapo. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzinyowetsa nthaka ndi kubzala ana momwe akuonekera.
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu zosaya osaya ndi mchenga ndi peat nthaka. Ma fern rhizomes okhala ndi vuto angagwiritsenso ntchito ngati dothi. Mbewu zimagawidwa pamtunda ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi lapansi laling'ono. Dothi limanyowa ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Chotetezeracho chimayenera kusungidwa + 25 ° C. Mbande zimathandizirana tsiku ndi tsiku ndikumapakidwa zochuluka. Dzuwa lolunjika siziyenera kuloledwa pazomera. Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha mwezi umodzi, iwo amakula mumthunzi wochepa pamtunda wonyowa. Pambuyo pamiyezi iwiri kapena itatu, mbewu zazing'ono zimadumphira mumiphika ndi dothi la Bromeliads. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, mbande zimafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo, kukonza kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kuyika kotsatira kumachitika mchaka.
Malamulo akumalo
Kuti mphukira ya ecmea singakhudzidwe ndi zowola, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'malo mwa dothi lonselo musandulidwe. Nthawi yabwino kwa izi ndi kuyamba kwa masika. Palibe chifukwa choti chizimba chapamwamba kwambiri mu mphika wakuya, koma ndikofunikira kuti chidebecho chikhale chokwanira mokwanira. M mphika ndi dothi momwemo zimathandizira kuti pasakhale chakudya chambiri monga kukonza mawonekedwe ofukula.
Zomera zimatha kubzala ndi chitsamba (chomera cha mayi ndi ana). Tchire lalikulupo lili ndi chisankho china. Komabe, osachepera kamodzi pa zaka zitatu zilizonse, kupatukana ndikusinthana ndikofunikira.
Dothi la ehmeya liyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso wosavuta kudutsa madzi. Nthaka zachonde ziyeneranso kukondedwa. Malo apadera obzala ehmei atha kugulika pa shopu yamaluwa (kusakaniza kwa dothi la Bromeliads) kapena kudzipangira popanda izi:
- mchenga;
- sphagnum moss;
- dziko lokometsetsa;
- decusuous humus;
- peat;
- malo owombera.
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira esmea kunyumba kumafuna kuyesetsa pang'ono. Ambiri amadziwa kuti duwa ndilabwino kwambiri kwa wamaluwa aulesi. Ndikokwanira kupanga malo abwino komanso maluwa ambiri komanso masamba owala ndikutsimikizika.
Kuwala Ehmeya salekerera dzuwa, koma amakonda kuwala kowala. Ndizololedwa kuukulitsa pang'ono pang'ono. Ngati chipindacho chikuyang'ana kumpoto m'chipindacho, pamakhala kusowa kwa kuyatsa, komwe kumayenera kulipidwa ndi fitolamp. Kupanda kuwala kumadziwonetsera ngati kusintha kwa masamba. Amazimiririka ndikuwonekera pang'ono.
Kutentha Chomera chimafunikira nyengo pakusintha kutentha. Ngati nthawi yotentha imakhala yabwino kwambiri + 25 ... + 28 ° C, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira ehmey imasamutsidwa kuchipinda chozizira kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa + 16 ... + 18 ° C. Kuzirala kwamphamvu kumawononga maluwa. Ehmeya amakonda mpweya watsopano. Chaka chonse, ndikofunikira kuchita mpweya wokwanira, koma simungathe kuyika mbewu panjira yokonzekera.
Chinyezi. Ehmei amakhala m'malo opezeka mvula yambiri motero amafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Amatha kuzolowera chinyezi chachilengedwe mchipindacho, koma pafupi ndi ma radiator masamba amayamba kuuma ndikutembenukira chikasu. Kuti athandize mbewuyo, imapakidwa madzi nthawi zonse, komanso kuyikidwa pafupi ndi akasupe kapena mapaketi okhala ndi dothi lonyowa.
Kuthirira. M'nyengo yotentha, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono, ndipo madzi ochepa ayenera kusiyidwa pakatipa. Komabe, dothi lonyowa kwambiri limapindika. Madzi ambiri nthawi yothirira amathiriridwa mu tsamba, ndipo dothi limanyowa pang'ono. Madziwo ayenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi zosayera. Madzi amvula ndi abwino.
Feteleza. Mu Epulo-Sepemba, eshemea amadyetsedwa masiku 10 mpaka 10 ndi yankho la feteleza wa mchere ku Bromeliad. Mwachilengedwe, kuphatikizika kotero, kuchuluka kwa michere ndi theka la kukula kwa maluwa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumagawidwa m'magawo awiri. Wina umathiridwa pansi, ndi wina nkutulutsa masamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Ehmeya amalimbana ndi matenda obzala, komabe, kuthirira kwambiri kapena kusunga chipinda chonyowa, mizu, rosette yamasamba kapena maziko a zowola za peduncle. Chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa ndi chofota ndikuwotcha masamba, komanso mawanga ofewa. Ndiosowa kupulumutsa chomera chodwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikofunikira kupatutsa ana, kuwachitira ndi fungicide ndikuwawyala mumiphika ndi dothi lotetezedwa.
Nthawi zambiri, duwa limakhudza nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs ndi bromeliads. Ngati majeremusi akapezeka, duwa limatsukidwa pansi pakusamba kolimba, ndikuthandizanso ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Karbofos, Aktara).
