Ruscus ndi wobiriwira wokhazikika wochokera ku banja la Asparagus. Amadziwika kwambiri ku Caucasus, Mediterranean ndi Southern Crimea. M'madera akumpoto kwambiri, ruscus imakulidwa ngati mbewu. Imakopa ndi masamba owala obiriwira komanso kufalitsa zipatso zofiira. Mwa alimi a maluwa amadziwika bwino pansi pa mayina "singano" kapena "mbewa yotembenukira". Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa chipinda, kupanga bouquets komanso mankhwala.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Ruscus ndi chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse chachitali chotalika 30-60 cm. Mphukira zimapanga nthambi zambiri kuchokera pansi. Amakutidwa ndi khungwa lakuda bii lomwe limakhala ndi maluwa okuluwika.
Masamba oola kwambiri amachepera mphukira. Botanists amawatcha "phyllocladies." Foliage alibe pafupifupi petioles. Ili pa zimayambira kachiwiri. Pamapeto pa tsamba lililonse pali msana wakuthwa.
Maluwa amakula mwachindunji kuchokera pa tsamba la masamba. Amakhala ndi mafupi afupi. Korolla yoyera kapena lilac yokhala ndi mainchesi osapitirira 1 cm siyimasiyana pakukongola kwapadera. Maluwa amapezeka mu Epulo-Meyi. Pali mitundu yomwe imaphukira nthawi yozizira.
Russian ndi chomera chokongola, motero, pakuwoneka ngati zipatso zokongoletsera, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale duwa lachimuna ndi lachikazi pafupi. Chifukwa cha kupukutidwa bwino, zipatso zamtundu wofiira wowala bwino zimamangidwa. Chipatso chilichonse chamtundu uliwonse chimakhala ndi mbewu 1-2. Ndikofunika kusamala, chifukwa zipatso zake ndi zapoizoni ndipo sizoyenera kudya.
Mitundu ya Ruscus
Masiku ano, mitundu 8 yalembetsedwa mu mtundu wa Russia. Ganizirani 4 mwa iwo.
Iglitsa colchis (ruscus colchis). Chitsamba chophukacho chimakhala ndi mphukira zosinthika mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 55. Phyllocladies za Leathery amapaka utoto wobiriwira. Duwa laling'ono limabisala pang'ono pansi pa lanceolate bract. Maluwa akutalika amapezeka mu Okutobala-Januware. Pambuyo kupukutira, zipatso zamitundu iwiri zokhwima ndikukula kwa 8-10 mm. Zipatso za mtunduwu zimatha kudyedwa.
Singano ya Pontic (prickly). Shrub 60-100 masentimita okwera amakhala ndi mphukira zazitali zowoneka. Amakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira a lanceolate obiriwira okhala ndi minga kumapeto. Pa phyllocladium, timapepala tating'ono ting'ono kapena timene timawoneka. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amodzi amakhala pa peduncle. Amachita maluwa mu February ndi Epulo. Pofika Novembala ndi Disembala, zipatso ziwiri-zamitundu iwiri zipse.
Russian Ruscus (singano ya tsamba). Mtengowo umasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira zazitali, zowongoka ndi masamba a emerald lanceolate. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi masentimita 40-50. Maluwa pang'ono amatulutsa kumapeto kwa dzinja. Mitundu yawo ya phale ilijambulidwa ndi buluu kapena yoyera.
Ruskus hirikano. Chitsamba chimakhala chowongoka komanso chokwawa chikukula 25-25 cm. Chimadzaza dothi ndi kapeti wobiriwira wakuda. Kutalika kwa phyllocladium ndi 1.5-3 cm. Msempha wapakati umasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala komanso mpumulo.
Kuswana
Kufalitsa ruscus, ndikofunikira kufesa mbewu kapena kugawa chitsamba chambiri. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu February m'mbale muli ndi mchenga-peat osakaniza kapena mapiritsi a peat. Kuwombera kumawoneka mosalingana komanso pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Mbeu zimodzi zimatha kumera mpaka chaka. Kuti timathandizire kumera, kuphatikizira kuzizira ndikofunikira. Mbewu mkati mwa sabata zimakhala ndi kutentha kwa 0 ... + 10 ° C, mutha kuphimba beseni ndi chipewa chakuda. Pambuyo pa izi, miphika yokhala ndi mbewu imabweretsedwa m'chipinda chowala ndi chotentha (+ 20 ° C). Kutalika kwa mbande kukafika pa 7-8 masentimita, amakwiriridwa mumaphika osiyana.
Chapakatikati, poika mbewu, mutha kugawa chitsamba chachikulu m'magawo angapo. Pagawo lirilonse payenera kukhala gawo la rhizome ndi mphukira zingapo. Mizu ndi yosavuta mokwanira. M'masabata ochepa, mphukira zatsopano zimawonekera pamera.
Zosamalidwa
Chipinda cha Russia chimakhala chosasangalatsa, chosavuta kusamalira. Ngakhale wobzala woyamba sangakwanitse kupeza chomera chokongola ichi. Amasinthasintha pafupifupi pamavuto ena onse. Koma maluwa ndi zipatso, komanso mphukira zowuluka zitha kupezeka pansi pazinthu zina.
Kuwala Singano ikufunika kwa nthawi yayitali masana ndikuwala. Iyenera kuyikidwa patali kuchokera pawindo. M'chilimwe, dzuwa lowongolera limatha kuwotcha masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kukonzanso chomera pazenera lakum'mwera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nyali yakumbuyo.
Kutentha Ruscus wakula kutentha kutentha. M'nthawi yachilimwe, chitsamba chimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizitenga mpweya wabwino. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira kumaloledwa mpaka + 13 ... + 15 ° C. Komabe, palibe chifukwa chofotokozera makamaka kutentha kotere.
Chinyezi. Mtengowo umasinthasintha ndi mpweya wamkati, umafunikira kupopera nthawi. M'miyezi yotentha, ndikofunikira kusamba tchire pansi pa madzi osamba.
Kuthirira. Singano imathiriridwa pang'ono. Dothi pakati pa kuthirira liyenera kuuma ndi masentimita 3-4.Pakapangika phylloclad yatsopano, kuthirira kuyenera kukulitsidwa.
Feteleza. Mu Epulo-Okutobala, Ruskus amadyetsedwa mwezi uliwonse ndi feteleza wa mchere padziko lonse. Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba sikumachitika.
Thirani Kupatsirana kwa Russian kumachitika mu kasupe ngati pakufunika. Mukatola mphika wambiri, njira zamtsogolo zimawonekera mwachangu. Mukaziika, chidebe chakale chamtsuko chimatsukidwa ndikudula mizu yowuma. Kusankha chidebe chozama sikofunikira. Makina amadzaza pansi poto. Dothi la ruskus liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lachonde. Pazinthu zake zopanga gwiritsani ntchito tinthu tating'ono komanso masamba, komanso mchenga.
Matendawa. Ruscus sangatengeke pobzala matenda. Mizu yake imakhala ndi bactericidal katundu. Amatha kupirira ngakhale matenda oyamba ndi mabakiteriya komanso bakiteriya.
Tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri, ruskus imakhudzidwa ndi nthata za akangaude, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kupindika ndi mavuvu oyenda. Kuti muthane ndi majeremusi mwachangu, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oyenera.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Russian imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zipinda. Masamba ake owala ndi zipatso zofiira ndi zabwino nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Zitsamba ndizoyenera zipinda zokonzera malo, ozizira ozizira komanso malo owonekera. Tchire yokutidwa ndi zipatso zitha kuperekedwa m'malo mwa maluwa. Zidutswa zodula zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga maluwa.
Mizu ya Russian ndi zipatso zimakhala ndi mankhwala. Zipangizo zouma zimapangidwa ndikuzitenga pakamwa pofuna kuthana ndi mawonekedwe a hemorrhoidal, kulimbitsa mitsempha ndi kuthana ndi stasis yamagazi m'munsi.
