Cissus ndi mpesa wokongoletsa wopindika. Ndi ya banja la Mphesa, chifukwa chomerachi nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa "mphesa zakunyumba" kapena "birch" (chifukwa chofanana ndi masamba). Cissus ndi wofalikira kumadera otentha ndi madera otentha a Africa ndi Australia. Ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakulima kwanyumba. Mphukira zazitali zokhala ndi masamba osema amapanga korona wokongola, yemwe amatha kulimba ndikuchirikiza kapena kugwa mokongola kuchokera mumphika. Maluwa ndi oyenera kukongoletsa khonde kapena chipinda chilichonse m'nyumba. Nthambi zodzala zamtundu wosakhazikika zimapezekanso m'maofesi kapena m'malo aboma.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Cissus ndi mpesa wosatha kapena wobiriwira nthawi zonse. Vutoli ndi laling'ono. Mphukira zosinthika zimatha kukula kutalika ndi 3-3,5 m. Pang'onopang'ono, maziko ake amathandizika, amachepetsa komanso amakutidwa ndi khungwa loyera la imvi. Kwa zaka zambiri, lakhala likuwoneka ngati pepala. Tsinde limakhala ndi malo omwe petioles ndi antennae amapezeka. Nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa tinyanga kumakonzedwa njira ya disk. Cissus amagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera monga makapu oyamwa kuti agwiritsike pamtunda.
Masamba a Petiole amakonzedwanso. Pepala lamasamba ndilolimba, lamtundu wolimba kapena lobed. Masamba ali ndi malo owoneka bwino obiriwira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezekanso.
Kunyumba, maluwa a cissus ndi osowa kwambiri, koma izi si nkhawa. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono sangapikisane ndi kukongola ndi masamba okongoletsera. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono obiriwira amasonkhana mu mlengalenga inflorescence m'midzi. Ngati mungu wawo, mungu waung'ono kapena wakuda umapangidwa. Muli njere zazing'ono.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu ya cissus ndiyosiyana kwambiri. Ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 350 ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera. Pachikhalidwe, ndi mbewu zochepa zokha zomwe ndizowoneka bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Cissus Antarctic (Kangaroo liana, mphesa ku New Zealand). Mphukira zazitali zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira a petiolate. Masamba a masamba ovunda kapena ovate amakhala ndi mano ang'onoang'ono m'mphepete. Pamaso panu pakakhala zobiriwira zakuda komanso zonyezimira, chosinthacho ndichopepuka, komanso kupindika pang'ono m'mitsempha. Pali tsamba pamtunda, ndipo kutsogolo kwake kuli tinyanga tokhotakhota. Petioles, antennae ndi mphukira zazing'ono zimakutidwa ndi mulu wa bulauni. Scutellaria inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu obiriwira. Mtengowo umasinthika bwino ndi mthunzi wakuya ndipo umatha kupirira kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira mpaka + 5 ° C.
Cissus ndi mitundu yambiri. Zomera ndizotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha masamba okongola. Pa pepala la zobiriwira zakuda ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira komanso mawanga asiliva. Mbali yokhotakhota masamba owoneka ndi mtima ndi utoto wa pinki. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imagwetsa masamba ambiri. Zitatha izi, mphukira zimadulidwa pang'ono ndikuchepetsa. Chapakatikati, korona amabwezeretsedwa.
Cissus ndi rhomboid. Liana ali ndi mawonekedwe owonda komanso osavuta kusintha. Masamba pafupipafupi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a diamondi ndipo amapezeka pa petioles yaying'ono. Pepala lamasamba lakhala m'mphepete ndipo limapaka utoto wakuda. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono obiriwira amakhala ndi mabatani asanu. Muzu inflorescence amasonkhanitsidwa masamba axils pa mphukira achinyamata. Pambuyo kupukutira, zipatso zofiira zimapsa. Mitundu yosangalatsa ya rhomboid cissus - Ellen Danica ndiyotchuka kwambiri. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi timapepala tajambulidwe tating'ono.
Cissus Baynez. Zomera zosatha zimakhala ngati chitsamba. Tsinde lopangidwa ngati botolo 40 cm pansi limatha kukula mpaka masentimita 20. Mbali yakumbuyo ya thunthu ili ndi nthambi zingapo. Masamba ake amakhala ndi ma ternary lobes ndipo amakhala pa petioles tatifupi kumtunda kwa mphukira. Kutalika kwa pepalali kumafikira masentimita 12. Mbali zonse ziwiri za pepalalo zimakhala zokutira ndi mulu.
Cissus ndi tetrahedral (quadrangular). Kukula kosatha kumeneku kumasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira zachilendo. Thupi lamatumbo am'madzi limafanana ndi zimayambira. Amasakaniza mipesa yayitali. Pamapeto, pamakhala masamba obiriwira komanso opindika. Pa mphukira, ozungulira inflorescence nthawi ndi nthawi amakhala pachimake.
Njira zolerera
Kubwezeretsanso kwa cissus kungachitike m'njira zingapo:
- Kufesa mbewu. Mbewu zofesedwa m'mbale ndi msanganizo wamchenga-peat. Zimagawidwa pansi ndikuwakanikizira pansi ndi zolembedwa. Atapopera kuchokera ku botolo lofufutira, mumphika umakutidwa ndi zinthu zowonekera. Chotungira chija chimayikidwa pamalo oyeretsedwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kwa + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Kuwombera kumawoneka kosasiyana patatha miyezi 4-6. Masamba enieni awiri akamakula, mbande zimafalikira m'miphika yaying'ono.
- Mizu yodula. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, mutha kudula apulo odulidwa. Zomwe zimapangidwa bwino, njira zathanzi zokhala ndi impso ziwiri kapena zingapo zimachiritsidwa ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ndikuziyika m'chidebe ndi madzi. Mukakhala ndi mizu yaying'ono, kudula kumalidwa pansi. Mutabzala kwa sabata limodzi, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera "muzu" pamadzi.
- Gawani chitsamba. Tchire la cissus limafalikira pang'onopang'ono ndipo limapereka mizu. Pakusintha kwanyengo, chomera chachikulu chitha kugawidwa. Ma Rhizomes okhala ndi mfundo zokulira amadulidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa m'magawo angapo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amabzalidwa pansi. Kusintha kwake kumatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri, kenako delenki imayamba kukula.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Ma cissuses aang'ono amawokedwa nthawi iliyonse yophukira; Ngati liana lakula kwambiri, ndikokwanira kubwezeretsa pamwamba panthaka. Mphika umasankhidwa mwakuya, zokulirapo pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Pansi, yikani dothi lokwanira.
Dothi la cissus limapangidwa ndi zinthu monga izi:
- dothi lamasamba;
- peat;
- dothi louma;
- mchenga.
Asanagwiritse ntchito, nthaka yatsopano imawerengeredwa mu uvuni. Kuika kumachitika ndi njira yopatsira matope chisa. Ndondomeko ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kufesa.
Zosamalidwa
Cissus ndi chomera chovuta kudziwa kwambiri. Ngati mungadziwe malamulo ena, abwana amakula mwachangu ndikupanga unyinji wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Kuwala Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mphesa zowumbidwa ndizovomerezeka mthunzi. Amatha kukula ngakhale pazowunikira zopanga. Komabe, maola masana ayenera kukhala maola 16. M'chilimwe, muyenera kuyika korona kuchokera ku kuwala kwadzuwa.
Kutentha Kutentha kwenikweni kwa cissus ndi + 20 ... + 25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, imatha kutsitsidwa + 18 ° C, koma sizofunikira. Chomera chimachita mantha ndi kusinthasintha komanso kutentha kwadzidzidzi.
Chinyezi. Kuti korona akule bwino, ndikofunikira kupereka chinyezi chambiri. Itha kuperekedwa nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kusambitsa mpesa pansi pa shawa yofunda.
Kuthirira. Njira yothirira mwachindunji imatengera kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipindacho. Otentha, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kuthirira mbewu. Dothi pakati pa kuthirira limayenera kumangoyala masentimita awiri okha ndi kukomoka pafupipafupi. Potere, madzi onse owonjezera ayenera kusiya poto. Poto iyeneranso kutsanulidwa.
Feteleza. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayamba kupanga mkati mwa kasupe. Pambuyo pothira patatha mwezi umodzi, feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Maofesi ocheperako komanso michere yokongoletsera komanso zomera yabwino. Amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi kuthirira kawiri pamwezi. Kuyambira Novembala, kudyetsa kuyimitsidwa.
Kudulira. Kuti mphukira ziziyenda bwino, ziyenera kumangidwa nthawi zonse pachaka. Mikwingwirima yopanda kanthu komanso yotambasuka imadulidwa. Chapakatikati, kudula kochedwa kumachitika, kumachotsa hafu ya korona. Ndondomeko amalola mapangidwe okongola mphukira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Cissus ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira chazomera. Nthawi zina amavutitsidwa ndi majeremusi (tizilombo tambiri, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude). Tizirombo tiyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kachilombo. Ngati mukufuna kukonza cissus panja chilimwe, ndibwino kuchitira korona ndi mankhwala asanakwane.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Ndi mawonekedwe ake, cissus amatha kuwonetsa zolakwika posamalira:
- masamba opindika kapena opindika - mpweya wosakwanira chinyezi;
- masamba osalala komanso owala ndi mawanga a bulauni ndi akuda - kusowa kwa feteleza wa mchere;
- masamba otumbululuka kwambiri - kuwala kwambiri;
- kugwa kwamasamba - mphamvu ya kukonzekera.
