Cordilina ndichomera chokongola ndi masamba akuluakulu okoma. Mwanjira, imakhala ngati mtengo wa mgwalangwa ndipo imakopa ndi mawanga ofiira pamapazi ake. Kusamalira cordilina sikophweka, motero amalimi amasangalala kubweretsa alendo kunyumba. M'mbuyomu, colilina anali wa banja la Agave, koma masiku ano botanist amatchula banja la Dracene. Nthawi zina mumatha kumva dzina la "dracaena cordilina", koma izi ndizomera zosiyanasiyana. Dziko lanyumba ya cordilina ndi malo otentha komanso madera akum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi, komanso madera ena a East Asia.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Cordilina ndi chitsamba chamtali kapena shrub. Mwachilengedwe, imatha kutalika kwa 3-5 m, koma mkati mwanjirayo colilina sapitilira 1.5 m kutalika. Mizu imakhala ndi nthambi zingapo zazingwe. Pakudula zikuwonekeratu kuti ali ndi khungu loyera. Impso ndi makanda zimakhazikika pachikhosicho.
Thunthu lalikulu lowongoka lamalowo lophimbidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu azitsamba. Nthambi zotsogola ndizosowa kwambiri, kotero masamba amapanga mulu wandiweyani. Pakapita kanthawi, masamba apansiwo amapuma pang'onopang'ono ndipo thunthu limawululidwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, cordilina imayamba kukhala ngati mtengo wa kanjedza.
Ma mbale opanda masamba amakhala ndi lanceolate, lamba-ngati lamba kapena xiphoid. Amapaka utoto wowala, koma pali mitundu yokhala ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wapinki. Masamba amatha kukula mpaka 50cm komanso kutalika kwa 10 cm. Amawonekeranso pakati.
Inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a lotayirira panicle imakhala ndi tating'onoting'ono tambiri. Ziphuphu zojambulidwa zoyera, zofiira kapena zofiirira. Chipatsocho - bokosi la mbewa-zitatu-chimakhala ndi mbewu zazing'ono 15 zisaoneke.
Mitundu ya cordilina
Mtundu wocheperako wa mitengo ya cordilin umakhala ndi mitundu 20. Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa olimawo ndi awa:
Cordilina apical. Mtengo wotsika, womwe kwawo umafikira 2-3 m kutalika. Masamba akulu amaphimba thunthu ndi pamwamba. Kutalika kwawo ndi 50-80 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Petiole lalifupi, lowongoka limayendetsedwa m'mwamba. M'munsi, mtsempha wakuda wowonekera umawoneka. Panicrate inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa oyera kapena ofiirira omwe amakhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 1 cm. Chomera chimafuna zipinda zofunda. Mitundu yotchuka:
- Red Edge - masamba si akulu kwambiri, koma amakhala ndi mzere wofera m'mphepete;
- Tricolor - masamba ophimbidwa ndi mikwaso yachikasu, ya pinki ndi ya bulauni;
- Augusta - mikwingwirima ya rasipiberi imakhala pamasamba obiriwira obiriwira;
- Cordilina kiwi - wodziwika ndi masamba ambiri ophimbidwa ndi madera a rasipiberi.
Cordilina kumwera. Mtengowo umakhala ndi thunthu lalifupi, lomwe limakutidwa ndi masamba ataliitali. Masamba a xiphoid amafika kutalika kwa 1 mita ndi mainchesi 4. Masamba nthawi zambiri amaphimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiira kapena yachikasu. Pak maluwa, mmera umakutidwa ndi zoyera kapena phula la lilac axillary ndi fungo labwino. Chomera chonyengachi chimafunikira nyengo yozizira (mpaka + 3 ... + 5 ° C).
Cordilina molunjika. Mtengowo uli ndi zimayambira ndipo korona wakuda wa lanceolate amasiya kutalika kwa 30-60 masentimita. Masamba osalala amapaka utoto wowala. Chomera chimakonda zipinda zozizira.
Cordilina fruticosis. Mtengo wokhala ndi thunthu loonda lophimbidwa ndi mphukira zam'mbali. Masamba adapakidwa utoto wobiriwira komanso wofiirira. Osiyana ndi kuphweka kutuluka ndi chosazindikira.
Kuswana
Cordilin amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba. Mbewu zofunikira kuchipinda sizifesedwa kwenikweni, mbande sizisunga zipatso za kholo. Mbeu za maluwa a Cordilin zofesedwa mumsuzi wonyowa wa peat kumayambiriro kwamasika. Amayikidwa ndi 0,5-1 masentimita komanso yokutidwa ndi filimu. Mphukira zimawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 1-2 ndikukula msanga. Kubwera kwa masamba 4 enieni, mbewu zimatsamira mumiphika ya 2-3 zidutswa.
Njira yosavuta yoberekera ndiyo kulekanitsa ana mizu. Panthawi yobzala, ndikokwanira kudula chomera chaching'ono ndi gawo la muzu. Malowo odulidwa amadzaza makala ndi makala ndikubzala m'nthaka yopanda chonde.
Kwa masika odula, masamba oyambira amadzidula m'magawo angapo. Gawo lirilonse liyenera kukhala la 2 internodes. Wodulidwa m'munsi amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichizidwa ndi muzu, ndikuviikidwa munthaka masentimita 2-3. Mphika umakutidwa ndi kanema ndikuyika malo owala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya + 25 ... + 30 ° C. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kupukusa ndi kupukuta wowonjezera kutentha. Njira yodzala mizu imatenga pafupifupi mwezi.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Kusamalira cordilina kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kumuika nthawi zonse. Mbeu zazing'ono zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse, ndipo zakale mbewu iliyonse zaka 2-3. Mphika uyenera kukhala wokulirapo kuposa woyamba, koma osati waukulu kwambiri. Pansi anagona pansi madzi akumwa ndi makala. Dothi la colilina liyenera kukhala:
- dimba kapena tsamba lamasamba;
- mchenga;
- peat.
Dziko lapansi limasankhidwa ndi zochita za asidi pang'ono. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owala, mpweya umayenda momasuka ku mizu.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kusamalira chipinda cha cordilina ndikosavuta, komabe kumafunikira maluso ena. Chomera chimayenera kutenga chipinda chowala ndi nthawi yayitali masana. Komabe, iyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi dzuwa. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira bwino zimatha kulekerera kuwala. Ndilabwino kwambiri kuyika malowo m'chipinda chakumwera chakutali ndi zenera.
Kutentha kwamkati mwa chilimwe kuyenera kukhala + 22 ... + 30 ° C. Ndikofunika kuti mutenge ma cililine panthawi yachisanu mumsewu. Malowa amasankhidwa mwakachetechete, amatetezedwa ku zojambula. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umafunika kuzizira. Kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsitsidwa kukhala + 12 ... + 14 ° C pang'onopang'ono. Kuzizira kwamadzulo ndi nyengo yozizira kumayambitsa matenda.
Chinyezi mchipinda chomwe malirowo amakhala. Korona amaphwanyidwa ndi madzi kawiri pa tsiku, matayala amadzi ndi miyala yonyowa amayikidwa pafupi. M'nyengo yozizira, musayike centiline pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi. Ngati chinyezi sichikwanira, colilina imayamba kuuma ndikugwetsa masamba.
Cordilina saumirira kwambiri kuthirira. Pakati pa kuthirira, dothi louma liyenera kukhala louma. Thirirani chomera kawiri pa sabata kapena kuchepera. Madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalika komanso kutentha. Ngakhale kusuntha pang'ono kwamadzi kumawononga chomera, motero ndikofunikira kupereka chotsekera bwino ndikuchotsa madziwo kuchokera poto munthawi yake.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, cordilina amafunika feteleza wokhazikika. Gwiritsani ntchito ma mineral complexes pazomera zamkati zamaluwa. Amadziphika m'madzi ndikuthira kawiri pamwezi.
Cordilin amalimbana ndi matenda a chomera. Vuto lokha ndi kusefukira kwa nthaka ndi kuvunda kwamizu. Pa masamba obiriwira, makamaka mu mpweya wouma ndi wotentha, majeremusi (mavuvu, nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za akangaude) nthawi zambiri amapezeka. Poyamba chizindikiro cha tizilombo, mankhwala ophera tizirombo tiyenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu.
