Aglaonema ndi wokhalamo malo otentha, omwe amakula bwino ndi anthu olima maluwa. Dziko lakwawo ndi mayiko a Southeast Asia. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndi ya banja la Aroid. Kusamalira aglaonema sikovuta, ngakhale pang'ono, kumapangitsa chidwi cha masamba. Ndiwo mwayi wabwino wabwinowo, ngakhale nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwona inflorescence zachilendo ndi zipatso zowala.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Aglaonema ndi udzu wobiriwira nthawi zonse womwe umakhala m'nkhalango zopanda mitengo komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja yamadzi. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa nsalu yotchinga ndi masentimita 70. Thupi lalifupi lamtundu wokhala ndi ma infode pafupipafupi limamera kuchokera pansi. Pazitali zazitali, masamba opindika kapena otambalala kwambiri amamangika pa tsinde. Kutalika kwa pepala lonyezimira ndi masentimita 10-15. Itha kujambulidwa mu utoto wolimba wakuda kapena kukhala ndi miyala yosavuta yazithunzi zingapo za siliva, buluu, zobiriwira komanso zapinki. Mitsempha yapakati yopumira imayang'ana pamwamba pa tsamba.
Aglaonema limamasula m'chilimwe, koma osati chaka chilichonse. Pakuyenda mtunda wautali, maluwa amtundu wa maluwa amakutu amakhala ndi makutu okhala ndi chophimba chachikulu chofanana ndi boti. Maluwa sakhala achiwonetsero, amapaka utoto wonyezimira. Mukatha kupukutira, zipatso zofiirira zokhala ndi chimodzi chimamangirizidwa. Mbewu zisunge kumera kwa miyezi 6-8 zokha.
Madzi a Aglaonema amakwiya ndipo amatha kuyambitsa poizoni. Ntchito yonse ndi mbewuyi imachitidwa bwino ndi magolovesi. Mbale yamaluwa iyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi ana ndi ziweto.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya aglaonema
Pali mitundu yafupipafupi 50 ndi mitundu isanu yophatikiza yamtundu wa aglaonema. Mitundu yotsatirayi imakonda kwambiri chikhalidwe chamkati:
Aglaonema ndiwofatsa. Chitsamba chofika mpaka 50 masentimita chimakhala ndi nthambi, yochepa thunthu ndi masamba ataliitali. Mitsempha yothandizirana imatha kuwoneka pamwamba pa pepalalo lozungulira. Kutalika kwa pepalali ndi 15-20 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 6-9 cm.
Aglaonema Maria. Mitengoyi imasinthidwa kuti ikule mumthunzi wakuya ndikupanga korona wandiweyani wamasamba obiriwira amtundu wokhala ndi mabo.
Siliva wa Aglaonema. Chitsamba 40-70 masentimita okwera chimaphimbidwa ndi masamba owoneka bwino. Pafupi ndi mitsempha ya masamba obiriwira amdima, malo owala omwe ali ndi malire osagwirizana amapezeka. Chifukwa cha masamba opindika, mtundu uwu wa chomera cha aglaonema umafunikira kuunikira kowala kwambiri. Mitundu yokongoletsa:
- siliva Quin - wonyezimira wamtali masamba okhala ndi m'mphepete mwavy;
- siliva-buluu - likulu la siliva la pepalali limakonzedwa ndi malire wamtambo;
- siliva Bay ndi mbewu yayitali kwambiri yokhala ndi masamba osachepera, akuluakulu a mthunzi wopepuka.
Aglaonema ndi wofiyira. Chomera chachikulu komanso chokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu okongola ndichopepuka komanso chosavuta kusamalira. Amakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa yokhala ndi madontho a pinki, ofiira ndi a beetroot kapena malire pamasamba. Zomera zina zimakhala ndi masamba ofiira a monophonic. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi Aglaonema Crete. M'mphepete mwa masamba ndi m'mphepete mwa mitsempha ndi zopyapyala zowala za pinki.
Aglaonema amasintha. Chomera chophukira mpaka 1.5 m chapamwamba chimapanga mphukira yowaza. Masamba a masamba ataliitali amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okumbika kapena ovoid okhala ndi m'mphepete. Kutalika kwa pepala la pepalalo ndi 20-30 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 5-10 cm.
Kukula Zinthu
Kufalikira kwa aglaonema m'malo achilengedwe kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mizu yamtsogolo kapena kudzimana. Mu chikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi mitundu ya mbewu ya mayi.
Njira yosavuta ndikugawa chitsamba. Chapakatikati, ndikumadzula, aglaonema mchipindacho amamasulidwa pansi ndipo rhizome imayang'aniridwa mosamala. M'mphepete mwa chitsamba chachikulu mutha kuwona mphukira zazing'ono zokhala ndi masamba 3-4. Amadulidwa ndi mpeni ndipo nthawi yomweyo amabzalidwa pansi. Mizu yamadzi imachitika popanda kupweteka komanso mwachangu.
Wodula, magawo apical ndi magawo a thunthu lopaka pang'ono amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zodulidwa zofunikira ndizokhazikika pamiyala yamchenga. Zodulidwa zokhala ndi tsinde ndi 2-3 internode zimayikidwa mozungulira pansi panthaka ndikupinikiza pang'ono. Mphika wa petiole umasungidwa m'malo otentha. Mphukira zazing'ono zimawonekera mkati mwa masabata awiri.
Kufesa mbewu zitha kuchitika patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera pakutola. Bokosi lomwe lili ndi dothi lotayirira komanso lonyowa limagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe mbewu zimafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Mphika umakutidwa ndi zojambulazo, koma ndikuwonetsa tsiku lililonse. Dothi louma liyenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi. Kuwombera kumawoneka mosiyanasiyana pakadutsa masabata a 2-4. Zomera zomwe sizikula zimabzalidwa mumiphika yaying'ono.
Chisamaliro Chosatha
Kunyumba, kusamalira aglaonema sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kulolera kwakukulu pamithunzi, ndioyenera nyumba zokhala ndi kuwala kotsika. Mawonedwe okhala ndi masamba ochepa amatha kupezeka m'chipinda chopanda mawindo. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira kuwala kwambiri. Miphika imayikidwa bwino pamawindo akumpoto kapena kumadzulo ndikutetezedwa kuchokera ku dzuwa. M'chilimwe, mutha kupita ndi dimba kumunda pansi pamithunzi kapena mitengo. Ndikofunika kusankha malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho.
Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya ngakhale mu chirimwe ndi + 20 ... + 25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera nthawi zambiri umalolera kuchepa kwa kutentha mpaka + 16 ° C. Palibe chifukwa chofunikira chokonzera nyengo yozizira, chifukwa aglaonema safuna nthawi yopumula. Kutentha kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, apo ayi mbewuyo idzagwetsa masamba.
Aglaonema iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi komanso yochulukirapo, madzi owonjezera kuchokera poto ayenera kuthiridwa theka la ola mutathirira. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso ofunda. Chipindacho chikayamba kuzizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, koma dothi silingaphwe.
Zomerazo zisungidwe m'nyumba ndi chinyezi chambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupaka chisoti chachifumu tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuchisambitsa ndi fumbi. Omwe alimi amathira masamba a aglaonema ndi ma eerosols apadera kuti athe kuwala. Izi sizingachitike, apo ayi njira zachilengedwe za kusinthanitsa kwanyontho zimasokonekera.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala, aglaonema amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wamamineral a maluwa. Kukonzekera kuchepetsedwa kumayikidwa pansi kawiri pamwezi.
Aglaonema limakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo sililekerera kupatsirana, kotero kudzinyamula sikuchitika mopitilira kamodzi pa zaka 3-5. Chitani izi nthawi yophukira mphika wakale utapendekeka. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe chomwe chili ndi mabowo akuluakulu otayira ndikutsanulira dothi lazinyalala, miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena zidutswa za njerwa zofiira mpaka pansi. Dothi la aglaonema limapangidwa ndi zinthu monga izi:
- tsamba kapena turf dziko;
- peat;
- mchenga.
Gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lopumira. Mizu yake imangomasulidwa pang'ono kuti isawonongeke.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Aglaonema imatha kutenga matenda a fungus. Amawoneka zofiirira kapena zaimvi pam masamba kapena petioles pamizu. Pankhaniyi, malo owonongeka amadulidwira minofu yathanzi, kenako ndikuthandizidwa ndi fungicides. Kupewera bwino kwa zowola ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi.
Masamba okoma a chipinda aglaonema amakhudza nsabwe za m'masamba, kupindika ndi nkhupakupa. Ma parasiti ambiri ndi ochepa kwambiri kotero kuti sawoneka popanda galasi lokulitsa. Ngati mawanga owuma kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikuwonekera pamasamba, muyenera kuthira chitsamba ndi tizirombo.
