Dihorizandra ndi nzika yobera udzu ku Brazil. Chimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha, koma m'dziko lathu mwadzala ngati chomera chakunja kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Zakhala zikudziwika kale kwa akatswiri olima ziweto omwe amadziwika kuti "masharubu agolide" ndipo amasangalala ndi ulemu woyenera. Mtengowu sawona mtengo wake chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso maluwa ataliatali, komanso mphamvu zakuchiritsa.
Kufotokozera
Dichorizandra ndi chomera chotsika komanso masamba okongoletsera ndi inflorescence yowala.
Mizu ya mbewuyo ndi yopanga, mobisa. Nthawi zina mizu yaying'ono imapangika pamizu. Pamwamba pa dothi pali dengalo, lopindika lopindika, lophimbidwa ndi masamba okha kuchokera pamwamba. Tsamba lamasamba ndilolimba, lozungulira kapena ovoid. Mphepete mwa tsamba limalozedwa. Kutalika kwa tsamba lakale kumatha kufika 20-25 masentimita, ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 6. M'mitundu ina, milu yoyera kapena yapinki imawoneka pamwamba pamasamba.
Pesi la dichorizandra ndi limodzi, nthambi zina zamtsogolo sizimawoneka. Pamodzi ndi pepala losalala kapena lozungulira. Mu chilengedwe, mbewu imatha kukula 60-100 cm.
Dichorizander limamasula mu Seputembala, limakondwera ndi fungo labwino komanso inflorescence yowala yoposa mwezi umodzi. Pa maluwa, mkulu, wandiweyani inflorescence wokhala ndi masamba owala ambiri umapangidwa. Mu duwa lirilonse laling'ono, manda 3 ndi ma petals atatu atha kuganiziridwanso. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amapakidwa utoto wofiirira kapena wamtambo wokhala ndi malo oyera pamunsi pa tsamba lililonse.
Masamba atafota, ziphuphu zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono zimatsalira. Muli ndi nthangala zokhota, zonona ndi khungu lowala kwambiri. Pang'onopang'ono amatha ndikuuma kwathunthu. Maluwa nawonso amawuma ndikugwa.
Mitundu yazomera
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 80 yamtundu wa Dichorizandra, ina yomwe imangokhala chilengedwe cha Latinet. Kuchokera ku nyama zamkati, izi zitha kusiyanitsidwa:
Dichoricandra wokhala ndi malire. Chomera chimapanga tchire lalitali (mpaka 80 cm) ndipo ndilodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Mwayi waukulu wamtunduwu ndi masamba osiyanasiyana. Pamaso pa masamba a lanceolate, pamakhala mtundu wa siliva, womwe umawongola mikwingwirima yowoneka bwino yobiriwira. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wabuluu amatengedwa m'mabrashi a piramidi ndipo amakhala ndi mzere wofanana pakati pake.
Zonunkhira bwino dichoricandra. Chomera chimapanga chitsamba chokhazikika komanso chosalala kwambiri mpaka 40 cm. Masamba obiriwira ofewa amaphatikizidwa ndi utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera. Masamba ndi lanceolate, konsekonse. Kuwala kowala, kuyera ndi zolaula zimatuluka pamasamba, omwe amawonekera kwambiri pamtundu wachichepere. Maluwa ndi amtambo ndi oyera.
Dichoricandra mosaic. Mitunduyo imakopa chidwi ndi masamba akuluakulu, owala kwambiri. Kutalika kwake ndi 15-18 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi - mpaka masentimita 9. Pakati pa nyengo ya maluwa, mtunda wamtali (mpaka 30 cm) wokhala ndi inflorescence wakuda, wowumbika. Mbali yakunja ya nsapatozo ndi yoyera kapena yachikasu, ndipo matani abuluu akuda amaonekera mkati.
Dichoricandra ndi maluwa kapena burashi. Chimodzi mwamitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Itha kumera 1-2 m kutalika. Zomera zimakhala zowongoka. Masamba omwe amapezeka kumtunda kwa chomeracho ndipo amakwezedwa ndi petioles kutalika. Kutalika kwa masamba a lanceolate kapena chowulungika ndi masentimita 25. Pamaso pake pali masamba obiriwira, osawonekera. Mtengo waukulu wamitundu yayitali (2.5 cm) wamtambo wakuda, umamera pamwamba pamera. Kutalika kwa burashi ndi 17 cm, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga maluwa okongola.
Royal dichoricandra zofanana ndi zam'mbuyomu, zili ndi zochepa, zomwe zimapangidwa m'mapepala awiriawiri. Kutalika kwawo ndi 7 masentimita ndi mulifupi masentimita 3. Madera ofiira amphindikawo amakutidwa ndi siliva. Maluwa ndi a buluu wamtambo wokhala ndi malo oyera.
Kuswana
Dichorizandra amafalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zam'mera ndi mbewu. Pakatikati, chomera chachikulire chimayenera kukumbidwa kwathunthu ndikudulidwa m'malo angapo ndi tsamba lakuthwa. Pambuyo pake njirayi, Delenki yobzalidwa pansi kuti mizu isamere. Posachedwa, tchire tating'ono timachira ndikuyamba kuwonjezera zambiri zobiriwira.
Mutha kudula apulo odulidwa ndikuwazika mizu. Muzu umazika dothi lonyowa. Tsinde liyenera kugwada pakona kuti mbali yakumunsiyo izikhala yozama masentimita 1.5. Kenako, muzu umaphukira pomwepo. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yocheperako, koma yonyowa nthawi zonse, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba mbali yakumtunda ndi filimu. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri ndi atatu, mizu yoyambira ndi mphukira zammbali zimayamba kuonekera. Ndikofunika kuzichotsa kuti chomera chiziunjenjemera kwambiri.
Mutha kubzala mbewu za dichorizandra. Amamera bwino komanso mwachangu, ndipo mbande zimapeza mphamvu mofulumira. Kubzala, gwiritsani ntchito dothi lachonde.
Chisamaliro
Dichoricandra amakonda dothi labwino. Ndikwabwino kusankha nthaka yopanda masamba. Dichorizander amachita bwino pagawo lazinthu zotsatirazi:
- mchenga;
- peat;
- tsamba humus;
- malo owombera.
Chomera chimafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kuonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya, ndizotheka kuyendetsa chimbudzi ndi moss-sphagnum. Kusamalidwa kuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti mphikawo uli ndi mabowo otulutsa oyera komanso kuti chinyezi chambiri chitha kuyenda momasuka.
Dichoricandra amakonda malo okhala ndi kuwala kowala kwa maola 12-14. Pazenera lakumwera, kuwombera ndikofunikira. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti dichorizandra limamasula ndi maola owonjezera masana. Ndiye kuti, mutha kusamutsa chiyambi kapena kupangitsa maluwa kuyambika pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi.
Wokhala kum'mwera zigawo amakonda malo otentha ndi kusapezeka kwa zolemba. Kutentha kokwanira mu chilimwe ndi + 20 ... + 25 ° C, ndipo nthawi yozizira, nthawi yokhala chete ikayamba, dichoricandre ndi yokwanira + 16 ... + 18 ° C.
Panthawi yogwira, mbewuyo imafunika kuvala mwa apo ndi apo. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe kawiri pamwezi.
Dichorizandra amatha kukana matenda ndi majeremusi. Nthawi zina mealybug imagwira zitsamba. Mutha kuthana nawo pothira mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Dichoricandra ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake okongoletsa komanso maluwa okongola. Amakondweretsa eni kwa nthawi yayitali akamakula m'nyumba, komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongola.
Musaiwale kuti dichorizandra ("mavuvu agolide") ndi mankhwala azomera. Madzi kufinya kuchokera mphukira muli ambiri flavonoids ndi phytosterols. Mwa katundu, ndevu zagolide zimafanana ndi muzu wa ginseng. Chomera chamtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati paphikidwe wowerengeka, komanso mankhwala azachipatala. Ma infusions, zodzikongoletsera komanso mafuta ochokera ku dichorizandra amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- onjezerani khungu;
- khazikitsani dongosolo la endocrine;
- matenda kagayidwe;
- kupewa ma neoplasms ndi sclerosis mtsempha wamagazi.
Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amayambitsa thupi lawo siligwirizana, kotero wothandizira ayenera kuchenjezedwa za kuyamba kwa chithandizo ndi mankhwala ochokera ku dichorizandra.
