Orchid pleione - duwa laling'ono koma lokongola kwambiri. Chomera chosalimba chomwe chili ndi maluwa akuluakulu amalimbikitsa kuti azisamalira mwachisawawa, koma zenizeni sizingabweretse mavuto ambiri. Orchid ali ponseponse kumapiri a kum'mawa kwa East Asia (Burma, China, Thailand, India). Mutha kukumana ndi mcherewo m'nkhalango zam'mapiri kapena m'miyala m'matanthwe a 600-4200 m. Tsoka ilo, masiku ano mtundu watsika kwambiri, motero mbewuyo ikutetezedwa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Pleione ndi chomera chochepa kwambiri chotalika mpaka 30 cm. Ndi banja la Orchidaceae. Mu banja lalikulu, mitundu ya epiphytic ndi lithophytic imatha kupezeka. Pansi pali pseudobulb wosanja wa mtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Mukukula pang'onopang'ono, tsinde lokwaluka, pseudobulbs yatsopano imapangidwa, kupanikizidwa mwamphamvu motsutsana.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamasamba, masamba 1-2 olimba amakula pamwamba pa babu. Tsamba pepalalo ndi utoto wakuda. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osalala komanso mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena lanceolate. Kutalika kwa masamba owongoka kumafikira masentimita 10-15.Pakati nthawi yovunda, masamba amagwa, ndipo babu la pang'onopang'ono limawuma. Kuzungulira pseudobulb ana angapo amakula chaka chilichonse.
Pazoyimira zamtunduwu, pali mbewu zomwe zimaphukira mu Marichi-Epulo kapena Seputembara-Okutobala. Pakuyamba kwa nyengo ya maluwa, paduncle yapfupi imapangidwa kuchokera pansi pa pseudobulb. Pa phesi lokwera mpaka 15 masentimita, masamba atatu amapezeka. Dongosolo la maluwa otseguka ndi 6-11 masentimita, duwa lililonse limakhalabe lokongola kwa masabata a 3-4. Maluwa amatha kujambulidwa zoyera, rasipiberi, kirimu komanso chikaso. Ma petals okhala ndi mapokoso otseguka amakhala otseguka ngati mawonekedwe a fan. Mlomo umawoneka ngati chubu kapena chopendekera chomwe chimakhala ndi mphonje.
Mitundu ya Playon
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 25 mu banja la pleion, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi ma hybrids angapo ndi mitundu yokongoletsera. Pazonse, pali mitundu yoposa 150, motero musanagule pleione, muyenera kuphunzira mosamalitsa.
Pleione Hooker. Zomera zimapezeka ku Himalayas pamtunda wamtunda wa 4.2 km. Kuchokera babu wowoneka ngati peyala mpaka 2,5 cm, masamba awiri ozungulira amatsegulidwa. Mphepete mwa masamba amaloza, kutalika kwake ndi 5-10 cm. Peduncle yokhala ndi masamba a 1-2 imamera pamwamba pa pseudobulb. Maluwa m'mimba mwake samapitirira masentimita 5. Milomo yoyera yoyera ndi chubu chachikulu ndi ndondomeko yofiirira pakatikati. Kuwala m'munsi mwa pamakhala m'mphepete mwa utoto kumapentedwa ndi lilac kapena utoto. Zomera zimayambira mu Meyi ndi June.
Pleione squat. Mawonekedwe a Alpine okhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Pakatikati, masamba obiriwira 1-2 amapangidwa, kutalika kwa 5-5 cm. Atangochita maluwa, masamba amayamba kufa. Maluwa amapezeka mu Seputembara-Novembala. Kuchokera pansi pa bulb kumamera peduncle yokhala ndi maluwa oyera oyera ngati chisanu. Mkati mwa mlomo wamabayo wokutidwa ndi burgundy kapena madontho ofiira.
Pleione ndi m'mawa. Mtengowu umakhala pamwamba kwambiri m'mapiri ndipo umakhala ndi masipinda a cylindrical mpaka 3 cm. Mbewuyo imatulutsa masamba okwanira 1-2 amtundu wa lanceolate kapena chowumbirira. Kutalika kwake sikuposa masentimita 15. Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, duwa lotalika 10 cm lomwe limakhala ndi mphukira umodzi limapangidwa. Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita 6-9, opaka utoto wofiirira kapena wapinki komanso wokutidwa ndi masamba ochepa. Mlomo umadziwika ndi mtundu wakuda kwambiri komanso kupezeka kwa masikono achikasu ndi oyera.
Pleione ndiwachisomo. Chomera chotsika chimapanga mababu ang'onoang'ono ngati mawonekedwe. Pamwamba pawo pali masamba obiriwira obiriwira otalika mpaka 10 cm.Maluwa amodzi okha, oyera, ofiirira kapena a maluwa a lilac amapangidwa pa peduncle iliyonse. Mlomo wake ndiwosalala, uli ndi belu lalikulu komanso m'mphepete losema.
Pleione formosan (formosana). Chomera chimafikira kutalika kwa 20 cm. Masamba ozungulira 1-2 amapangika pamwamba pa babu wozungulira. Ziphuphu ndi lilac, kirimu kapena chikasu. Milomo yopepuka imakutidwa ndi mawanga a lalanje. Maluwa ndi ofala kwambiri m'mapiri a China.
Playone ndi Bulbcode. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi kuzizira ndipo zimatha kulimidwa panthaka. Kutalika kwa orchid sikupitirira masentimita 15. M'lifupi, masamba osweka ndi duwa lokhala ndi duwa limodzi kuchokera pachimake pa babu. Maluwa akuluakulu a pinki ndi oyera amakhala ndi mlomo wautali wokhala ndi m'mphepete. Limamasula mu Marichi ndi Epulo. Masamba amacha maluwa atafota.
Njira zolerera
Kubwezeretsanso kwa prionetiyo kumachitika mwa njira ya masamba. Chifukwa cha izi, kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mababu ophatikizidwa amagawidwa m'magulu angapo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika pambuyo kuwonekera kwa tumphuka tating'ono, kumapeto kwa nthawi yokhala matalala. Ndikofunika kusiya ma pseudobulbs awiri pagawo lililonse, ndiye kuti kuzika kwamizu kudzakhala kosavuta. Chigawocho chimapangidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa, lotetezedwa. Malowo odulawo amawaza ndi makala osweka.
Kubzala kumachitika mwachangu mu gawo lapansi la maluwa okalamba. Mutha kulima pleione mumiphika kapena mukabzala m'munda nthawi yomweyo. Pakulima kwa gulu, masentimita 15 amasungidwa pakati pa ogawikiranawo. Pseudobulb sanaikidwe kwathunthu, kusiya masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi gawo limodzi la bulb pamwamba.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira pleione kunyumba kumakhala kokwanira mtengo woyambira kapena wosadziwa. Amakonda zipinda zopepuka. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe zowonera kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo, kuti masana dzuwa lisatenthe mphukira zanthete.
Kuti mubzale phula, gwiritsani ntchito mapoto osaya ndi mabowo akulu. Pansi pake, ndikofunikira kuti muthe mzere wosanjikiza wazinthu zonyowera (dongo zokulitsidwa, miyala yamiyala). Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lopumira. Mutha kupanga zosakaniza za:
- moss sphagnum;
- makungwa osaya a pine;
- makala.
Mutabzala, mbewu zimafuna kutentha pang'ono, pafupifupi + 10 ... +15 ° C. Chaka chilichonse kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kumuika ndikofunikira. Ndikofunika kuchotsa dothi lakale komanso kuyang'ana mizu ya matenda.
Nthawi zambiri pachithunzichi, kuchonderera kumatha kuonekera pabedi la maluwa. Ndipo sizodabwitsa. Wokhala kumapiri amalekerera nyengo yabwino, koma amatha kuvutika ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ngakhale mbewu zamkati zimalimbikitsidwa nthawi yotentha kuti izikhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Ndikofunika kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kusapitirire +25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mkati mwa matalala, tikulimbikitsidwa kupita ndi orchid kuchipinda chozizira (0 ... +3 ° C). Ngakhale masamba atagwa, ndikofunikira kusunga pseudobulb m'chipinda chowala, kuti musachotse miphika mu pantry kapena pansi.
Munthawi yamasamba okangalika ndi maluwa, ma spione amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kokwanira. Tepi yamadzi iyenera kutetezedwa ndikutsitsidwa. Madzi ochulukirapo ayenera kusiya mphikawo momasuka. Masamba atagwa, kuthirira kumatha.
Chinyezi chowongolera mpweya ndi 50%, koma masiku otentha amatha kuwonjezereka mpaka 70%. Kuwaza masamba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matchera ndi dothi lonyowa kumavomerezedwa.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, ma pleione amafunikira kudya pafupipafupi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa orchid mwezi uliwonse. Masamba atagwa, kufunikira kwa zovala zapamwamba kumazimiririka.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndikutsatira njira yothirira, ma pleione samadziwika ndi matenda. Nthawi zina masamba amadzimadzi amakhudzidwa ndi nthata za akangaude, mealybug, nkhono ndi slugs. Kuthana ndi tizirombo timathandiza tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
