Fatshedera ndi mtengo wosakanizidwa womwe unapezeka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ku France. Makolo ake anali ivy ndi fatsiya waku Japan. Zomera zomwe zimapangidwazo ndizabwino kwambiri pakulima kwa mkati ndipo zimapanga ngati mtengo, ivy wokula pang'onopang'ono wokhala ndi masamba okongola ndi maluwa. Lero, mutha kugula Fatsheder ivy m'masitolo ambiri maluwa. Idzakhala bwalo labwino kwambiri lojambula bwino mchipindacho ndipo tidzayang'ana msanga wobiriwira.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Duwa la Fatsheder ndi udzu, wobiriwira nthawi zonse. Mizu yake imakhala yotupa ndipo mizu yake imakhala yolimba pang'onopang'ono. Pamwamba pa dothi pali mpesa wautali, wokwawa. Imakhala ndi mphukira zochepa, koma imatha kukula mpaka mamita 5. Kukula pachaka kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 30. Kwa zaka zambiri, zimayambira zobiriwira zakuda zimakutidwa ndi makungwa a bulauni.
Masamba akulu a petiole, kutengera mitundu, amagawidwa m'mabowo a 3-5. Ali ndi malo obiriwira obiriwira. Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe ili ndi masamba omera, mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezeka. Mphepete mwa tsamba lamasamba ndizosalala kapena pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ndipo m'mphepete mwa lobe iliyonse mumaloledwa.
Mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, m'makhwangwala am masamba, amadzaza ma inflorescence angapo ochokera kumaluwa a nondescript amapangidwa. Masamba ndi achikasu achikasu kapena utoto wa kirimu. Chipatso cha Fatschedera ndi mabulosi okometsera, mabulosi ozungulira a violet kapena amtambo wakuda. Ili ndi njere zingapo zing'onozing'ono.
Zosiyanasiyana za Fatshead
Pali mtundu umodzi wokha mu banja la Fatschedera - Fatshedera Lise. Mtengowo ndi mpesa wokwawa wokhala ndi tsinde pang'onopang'ono. Kutali konse kwa mphukirawo pali masamba otsalira ataliatali okhala ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi. Chikopa, masamba obiriwira amawala ndi dzuwa ndipo ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wobiriwira. Kutalika kwake, tsamba limatha kukula 20 cm, ndipo m'lifupi - 30 cm.
Maluwa achikasu achikasu amapanga kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Amasonkhanitsidwa ma ambulera inflorescence pazotanuka, zazifupi. Masamba okhala ndi zolimba, zazifupi zazifupi amakhala ndi poyambira kwambiri yoyera kapena yachikasu.
Kutengera mtunduwu, mitundu yokongoletsera yamatsenga iyi idatengedwa:
- Variegata - m'mphepete mwa masamba akulu pali mizere yoyera yoyera yomwe imazungulira pakati. Zomera zimatetezeka mosavuta kumatenda ndipo zimamera korona pang'onopang'ono.
Fatshedera Variegata - Pia - Masamba on petioles afupitali amapakidwa utoto wobiriwira ndipo amakhala ndi m'mbali mwa wavy. Amapanikizika mwamphamvu motsutsana ndi mpesa. Zoyambira zazing'ono ndizokhazikika, zikuyenda pakapita nthawi.
Fatshedera Pia - Kalonga wa siliva - pamphepete mwa pepalalo pali malire a siliva.
- Wagolide - Ili ndi malo akuluakulu achikasu mkati mwa tsamba.
Njira zolerera
Kufalitsa kwa Fatsheder kumachitika mwaukadaulo. Apical petioles ndi masamba okhwima angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Wodula mizu m'madzi pa kutentha kwa +25 ° C. Mutha kubzala pomwepo mu dothi lonyowa-mchenga ndikuphimba ndi thumba. Njira yodzala mizu ndiyosachedwa kwambiri, imatha mwezi umodzi. Mbeu zomwe zimazika m'madzi zimabzalidwa m'nthaka ndikuwoneka ngati zazifupi. Pakatha sabata limodzi kuchokera pakubzala, zimasungidwanso pansi pa filimuyo pamalo otentha komanso otentha.
Mizu yokhazikitsidwa mizu imasungidwa mosamala mumiphika ya mbande 2-3 limodzi. Njira yobzala iyi imakupatsani mwayi kuti mukule bwino kwambiri.
Thirani
Ivy adayikidwanso mchaka pambuyo pa zaka 1-3. Mphikawo amasankhidwa mwakuya komanso osasunthika. Zosanjikiza zonyowa zimathiridwa pansi (dongo lokulitsidwa, miyala, njerwa zosweka, shards zadongo). Nthaka zopanda ndale kapena pang'ono za asidi zimakonda. Mapangidwe adziko la Fatsheder sakudziwika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dimba lamtunda ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga wa peat ndi mitsinje. Poika mbewu, njira yosinthira imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati Fatshedera amakula kunyumba mu mphika waukulu wakunja ndipo ndikuvuta kuuchotsa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchotse dothi lapansi pamwamba pazaka zonse ziwiri ndikuyamba mwatsopano. Kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mosasamala nyengo komanso kumathandizanso. Zimathandizira kuti mizu ilandire mpweya wofunikira.
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Fatsheder sikovuta kwambiri. Mwa kupanga izi wosakanizidwa, obereketsa akwanitsa bwino chitetezo chokwanira komanso mphamvu. Fatshedera Lise ndi wamphamvu komanso wowonjezereka. Nyumba ivy imakonda malo owala. Kwambiri mumafunikira dzuwa lowala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Popanda iyo, korona amataya mtundu wowala. Ndikofunika kuyika mphikawo m'zipinda zowala motalikirana ndi zenera kuti dzuwa lisawotchedwe masamba.
Fatshedera salola kutentha. Chipindacho chimafunikira mpweya wabwino pafupipafupi, ndipo nthawi yotentha chimakhala chofunikira kupangitsa mbewuyo kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Kukonzekera sikungawononge Fatsheder, koma chimphepo champhamvu chimatha kusefukira ndikuthandizira mphesa. Kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya ndi + 16 ... +20 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzirala kumaloledwa mpaka + 6 ... +8 ° C, koma mitundu yosiyanitsidwa bwino ndi bwino kuti isazizire pansi pa +16 ° C.
Fatsheder imathiriridwa ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono a madzi ofunda ofunda. Pakati pa kuthirira, dothi lapamwamba liyenera kukhala ndi nthawi kuti liume. Phula lamadzimalo sililoledwa, apo ayi fungus lidzamera pamizu. Kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi kumatengera kutentha kwa mpweya: kumazizira pang'ono pomwe kumadzaza maluwa ndi kupopera.
Fatshedera amafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Masamba amafunikira kuwaza kangapo pa sabata. Kamodzi pachaka, amasamba liana pansi pa shawa yabwino kuti achotse fumbi. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya sikutsika kwambiri nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumapitilirabe chaka chonse.
Kuti Fatshedera akula bwino, amafunika zakudya zowonjezera mchere. Kawiri pamwezi kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Novembala, feteleza wazomera zanyumba amazipaka panthaka.
Kuti apange korona wokongola, ndikofunikira kuti azidula ndi kutsina nsonga za mphukira. Pampesa zakale, masamba amapota pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu. Kuti akonzenso fatsheder, nthambi zimadulidwa pakati. Mutha kupatsa korona mawonekedwe mothandizidwa ndi zokongoletsera zokongoletsera. Masiku ano mu malo ogulitsira mwapadera mutha kugula osati ma arches okha komanso othandizira ofukula, komanso ndizoyambira ziboliboli zobiriwira. Mphukira zimasinthasintha kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero ndizosavuta kupanga mawonekedwe ovuta kuchokera kwa iwo.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Chosakanizidwa ichi chimagwira matenda. Mavuto angapo amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera:
- masamba amatembenuka nataya makutidwe amitundu - kusowa kwa dzuwa;
- Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndi kupindika - kudzaza nthaka;
- m'mbali mwa masamba youma - chinyezi chochepa;
- zowonda brownish mawanga amapangidwa pa masamba - kuwotcha.
Pa mphukira yowutsa mudyo, kangaude, ma aphid ndi mealybug amapezeka nthawi ndi nthawi. Choyamba, muyenera kutsuka masamba osamba komanso malo osambira ambiri komanso kupukuta masamba ndi sopo yankho. Ngati majeremusi atasowa mkati mwa masiku awiri, amathandizidwa ndi tizilombo.
