Ayuga kapena wopulumuka ndi mbewu yabwinobwino ya banja Lamiaceae. Imapezeka mu steppe ndi nkhalango. Kupirira kuli ponseponse mu nyengo yotentha ya ku Epasia, ngakhale kuti mitundu yokhayokha imakula ku Australia ndi Africa. Mtengowo umalungamitsa dzina lake, suwopa masoka achilengedwe. Kale m'masiku oyamba a thaw, mphukira zazing'ono zimakula mwachangu komanso zophimba ndikuphimba madera onse otseguka.
Makhalidwe akuluakulu a mbewu
M'banja, pali mitundu yopitilira 50 ya zowerengeka komanso zakale zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakupanga dimba ndi gawo loyandikana nalo. Zodziwika kwambiri ndizazinyama zazikazi zomwe zimakonda kugwa chisanu. Ayuga ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri, masamba ake amatha kutenga zonyezimira zamtundu wamtundu wa burashi kapena mawonekedwe owoneka bwino amkuwa. Pali masamba ozungulira kapena osalala, ndipo maluwawo ndi amtambo, ofiirira, oyera kapena apinki. Nayi zizindikiro zakuthambo kwambiri zamitundu yonse:
- mizu yake ndi yopyapyala;
- tetrahedral imafika mpaka 50cm;
- masamba ofewa a ovoid amasonkhana m'mapanga;
- mphukira kufalikira ndipo mizu mwachangu;
- inflorescence ndi nthambo ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi milomo iwiri;
- chomera chabwino cha uchi;
- maluwa: Epulo-Juni.
Wopulumuka amakhala wankhalwe. Imatha kufalikira kupitirira zoletsa (miyala, matabwa ndi pulasitiki). Pongolira ku mbewu zina, imawakakamiza kuti atuluke m'gawolo, motero ndikofunikira kuwunikira nthawi zonse malowa ndikuchotsa malo osafunikira panthawi yake.
Kodi ndi mitundu iti yamandala yomwe imalimidwa m'minda?
Zokwawa khumi
Zomera zili ponseponse ku Europe, komanso zalowetsedwa ku North America. Imapezeka kuchokera ku Scandinavia kupita ku Caucasus, kuchokera ku Mediterranean kupita ku Iran.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizotchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ataliatali komanso ochulukirapo komanso masamba okongoletsa. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wabuluu, oyera, apinki amatengedwa mu inflorescence. Amakhazikika pamwendo wokhala wokhazikika. Masamba amatseguka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May komanso kumapeto kwa milungu itatu, kenako mbewu yolimba imapangidwa m'mimba.
Kutalika kwa tsinde kumasiyana pakati pa 10-25 cm, kamakhala ndi tsitsi komanso nthambi zambiri zamtsogolo. Mfuti zimazika mizu mosavuta, nthawi zina mizu ya mpweya imakhazikikapo pasadakhale.
Masamba, ovoid masamba ali ndi mthunzi wowala. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pampando kapena phesi lalifupi, otsikirako amasonkhana m'misiketi ndikukhala ndi utoto wambiri, wakuda. M'mphepete mwa masamba ake simunadutsepo, koma kuyandikira kwa inflorescences, masamba osalala kwambiri okhala ndi maziko.
Wowolayo ali ndi dzina lake:
- Variegata rubra - chomera masamba ofiira ndi a bulauni;
- Atropurpurea - malo obzala ndi masamba a bulauni ndi a bulauni pafupifupi adataya zinthu zawo zokwawa;
- Multicolor - masamba ofiira okhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola amakutidwa ndi mawanga owala amitundu yambiri;
- Kuwala kwa Burgundy - mu malo amodzi mumakhala masamba obiriwira, ofiira ndi apinki okhala ndi malire a pinki kapena burgundy;
- Chokoleti chip - masamba ofunda owongoka amakhala ozungulira m'mphepete mwakachetechete ndipo amakhala ndi kuwala kwa bulauni.
Chiao osasamala
Wosatha, 10 mpaka 20cm kutalika, umakhala ndi mphukira zophukira. Ayuga oterewa amakula ngati tchire laling'ono lomwe limakulidwa ndi maluwa achikasu. Masamba ake ndi ang'ono, obiriwira akuda. Maluwa amachitika kuyambira Meyi mpaka Sepemba.
Wamng'ono Laxman
Mitundu yokhala ndi masamba ambiri amtundu wa siliva. Amakula limodzi. M'mphepete mwa masamba ake ndimasamba owoneka bwino, okhala ndi mitsempha yotalika. Maluwa amodzi samawoneka bwino, amapaka utoto wapinki kapena wachikasu.
Zhivuchka Turkestan
Pa thunthu lakuda pali masamba akuluakulu owoneka bwino. Kukula kwawo kuli mpaka 2 cm mulifupi ndi 6 cm mulitali. Tsinde lovekedwa ndi maluwa ofiirira owoneka bwino pamafupi ofupikira okhala ndi masentimita a 2,5-4.
Kupanga kukhazikika
Ayuga ndi wopanda tanthauzo, chifukwa chake, amakula mosavuta pamadongo kapena dothi louma. Makonda otentha okhala ndi humus yayitali amakonda. Chomera chimatha kulekerera mthunzi, koma ndikofunikira kusankha madera abwino oyalidwa ndi mundawo ndi mthunzi wosuntha. Kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikofunikira makamaka kwa subspecies omwe ali ndi masamba ofiira.
Wopulumuka amakhala osagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu mpaka -10 ° C ndipo amatha kuthana nawo popanda kuzika mizu, makamaka nyengo yotentha. Ngati nthawi ya kasupe ikupezeka kuti gawo lina la malo ogulitsa lidawonongeka ndi chisanu, musakhumudwe. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa zikumera zomwe zakhudzidwa, ndipo masamba ang'onoang'ono amatenga malo aulere.
Kuti muchotse kwambiri mu masika, kuthira manyowa ndi machulukidwe a dothi ndi humus amafunikira. M'nyengo yopanda mvula, kuthirira kambiri komanso pafupipafupi kumafunikira.
Mitundu yonse ya Ayuga imagwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Koma m'malo otetezeka a m'mundamu ndi m'malo momwe madzi amaterera, ma slog ndi nkhono zimatha kukhudzidwa. Amawona kuti masamba achichepere ndi thandizo lenileni, choncho safuna kuchoka m'gawolo. Superphosphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana nawo komanso kupereka madzi apamwamba kwambiri.
Chisoni chimakulitsidwa bwino ndi njira ya masamba ndi mbewu. Kubzala kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira kapena masika, koma pamenepa ana sangakhale ndi mawonekedwe owoneka mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, kufalikira pakugawika kwa rhizome ndi mizu yophukira imakondedwa. Amalekanitsidwa muchilimwe ndi chilimwe ndikuziika kumalo atsopano.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Ayuga ndiwokongoletsa bwino dimba, njira, malo owoneka bwino pafupi ndi malo oyimapo. Amalekerera mthunzi komanso kuyandikira kwa juniper, paini ndi mbewu zina. Komanso wotsalayo sagwirizana pakupondaponda.
Kuti mupange chivundikiro chopopera pa udzu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu imodzi kapena kusankhira mitundu ingapo nthawi imodzi, ndikupanga zofukiza zowoneka bwino kapena mphamvu ya patchwork.
