Maluwa okongola - royal begonia begonia. Kusamalira kunyumba, kuswana ndi chithunzi

Belize begonia, yemwenso amadziwika kuti Rex begonia, ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri komanso yokondedwa ya zomera. Maluwawo ali ndi masamba akuluakulu komanso okongola kwambiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyi, maluwa a begonia ndi ochepa komanso osawerengeka. Chomeracho ndi chodzichepetsa pa chisamaliro, koma chimapwetekedwa kwambiri ndi kuphwanya zikhalidwe za msungamo. Nkhaniyi ikukuuzani za kukula kwa mfumu ya begonia, kubzala mbeu ndi masamba, mbewu, mbeu, kusamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyumba ndi matenda ofala kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Royal Begonia - mbewu yosatha, yomwe imatchedwa malo obadwira ku India. Maluwawo ali ndi rhizomes amphamvu, tsinde laling'ono, zazikulu, zowongoka. Chipepala chowala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali: zofiira, zofiira, zofiira, siliva wofiirira ndi mitundu ya lilac. Amapanga chitsanzo chapadera, chifukwa cha streaks.

Mafutawa ndi aakulu, owopsa, kotero kuti chomeracho chimasokoneza chinyezi bwino. Njira imeneyi imalimbikitsa zakudya zokhudzana ndi mizu ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu. Ndipo mapuloteni a masambawa amalola kuti adziwe kuwala kwa dzuwa. Chomeracho chili ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a pinki pafupifupi masentimita awiri. Kutalika kwa mbewuyi kufika pa masentimita 40.

Royal begonia wachikondi ndi chinyezi wokonda chomera, amasankha gawo lochepetsetsa ndipo amayamba kutentha kwa mpweya (50-60%). Nthaŵi yonse yopita ku begonias imakhala kuyambira October mpaka April. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa April, begonia mfumu inalowa mu zomera (kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano kumayamba). Panthawi imeneyi, imayikidwa pamalo opepuka, nthawi zambiri kuthirira ndi kudyetsedwa.

Chithunzi

M'munsimu mudzawona chithunzi cha Rex Begonia.

Kodi mungachuluke bwanji?

Njira yotchuka kwambiri yobereketsa mfumu ya begonia ndi masamba kapena zidutswa za tsinde (cuttings) ndi mbewu.

Kubala zipatso

1. Sankhani tsamba lalikulu labwino.
2. Dulani ndi chida chakuthwa kuti tsinde likhalebe.
3. Pepala lodulidwa liyikidwa pa galasi ndikupunthira mmalo momwe mitsempha ikudutsa.
4. Pepala lodulidwa liyikidwa pamtunda mu chidebe ndipo petiole imakula. Chotsitsa chiyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale.
5. Kuchokera pamwamba pa chinsalu ndikugwedezeka ndi miyala yaing'ono ndi yopepuka.
6. Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi. Izi zimapanga minipack.
7. Mitengo ya wowonjezera kutentha imayikidwa pamalo ofunda ndi okongola, nthaka imakhala yothira, kuteteza dothi lapansi kuti lisayambe. Kuthirira kumachitika mosamala m'mphepete mwa chidebecho kuti masamba asabvidwe.
8. Mu mawonekedwe awa, amakhalabe mpaka maonekedwe a achinyamata mphukira. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, ziphuphu zazing'ono zidzawoneka kuchokera ku kudula ndi mapesi.
9. Pamene mphukira imakula mpaka 6-7 masentimita, imayikidwa mu makapu osiyana.
10. Pamene nthaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthaka ya begonias ndi mchenga, mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1.

Ndikofunikira! Chida chocheka chiyenera kusamalidwa. Kuti tichite izi, tsamba la mpeni imamizidwa mu zakumwa zachipatala kwa mphindi zingapo.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema yokhudza kuswana tsamba:

Cuttings

1. Konzani chidebe ndi nthaka monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
2. Dulani phesi pafupifupi 10 masentimita pamwamba.
3. Chotsani masamba apansi.
4. Ndi zofunika kukonza kudula ndi mankhwala "Kornevin" (muzu kukula simulator).
5. Ndi ndodo, dzenje mu nthaka ndikuyika kudula, kuzikulitsa, pendani pansi kudula.
6. Phimbani ndi botolo la pulasitiki lodulidwa pamwamba.
7. Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo pake padzakhala mphukira zazing'ono.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema pa kuswana begonias cuttings:

Mbewu

1. Chidebe ndi nthaka zakonzedwa (monga tafotokozera pamwambapa).
2. Musanafese, sungani nthaka ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
3. Mankhwalawa amafunika kufalitsa mbewu, mutha kukankhira pansi (nthaka siifa), kuphimba ndi pulasitiki pamwamba.
4. Ikani chidebe m'malo amdima.
5. Kuthamangitsa mbewu tsiku ndi tsiku.
6. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande kukonzanso pawindo lowala sill.
7. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira a chomeracho amabzalidwa mu makapu osiyana ndi sprayed ndi njira yothetsera zircon bwino.

Thandizo! Pamene kuswana begonias mu minitlushchichka mphukira ayenera kuwombera. Kuti muchite izi, mutsegule wowonjezera kutentha kwa theka la ola tsiku lililonse.

Kusamalira zosiyanasiyana za Rex kunyumba

Ngakhale kuti begonia ndi maluwa okongola, ndi odzichepetsa. Komabe, pali malamulo omwe ayenera kutsatira kuti mbeuyo ikhale yathanzi komanso yamphamvu.

Zofunikira:

• Kutentha kwa mpweya. Mofanana ndi zomera zonse zakutentha ndi zazitentha, royal begonia imasowa madzi ambiri, komanso imakonda mpweya wambiri. Zopindulitsa kwambiri apa zidzakhala zonyansa. Ngati palibe, mungagwiritse ntchito poto yamadzi onyowa yomwe mphikawo umayikidwa. Dulani nyemba siziyenera kukhala, chifukwa masamba amawonekera pa masamba ndi maluwa akhoza kudwala.
• Kuunikira. Begonia amakonda kuwala koma kosiyana. Njira yabwino ndiyo kumadzulo kapena mawindo akummawa m'chilimwe komanso kumwera kwa nyengo m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati pali kuyatsa kokwanira, tsinde la maluwa limatulutsidwa, ndi kupitirira kowala, kuyaka kumawoneka.
• Kutentha kwa mpweya. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa royal begonia ndi madigiri 20-25 masana ndi madigiri 18-20 usiku.
• Gawo lapansi la begonias. Zikuphatikizapo:
  1. subacid peat - gawo limodzi;
  2. humus -1 gawo;
  3. tsamba kapena nkhuni - magawo 3;
  4. perlite kapena vermiculite (kuphika ufa).

  Acid acid ya begonias ayenera kukhala 5.5-6.5.

• Kuthirira:
  1. M'chilimwe, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa mochulukira, popeza silikulepheretsa chilala.
  2. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala yunifolomu ndi nthawi zonse, kamodzi kamodzi masiku awiri - mu chilimwe ndi kamodzi pa sabata - m'nyengo yozizira.
  3. Maluwawo amathirira madziwa atatha, m'mawa kapena madzulo, koma palibe nthawi yotentha.
  4. Pambuyo kuthirira madzi poto kumatetezedwa kuti muteteze chinyezi chambiri panthaka.
  5. Ngati dothi lapansi litayanika, ndiye kuti mukufunika kumiza mphika mumadzi ndi madzi otentha kwa maola angapo.
  6. Kwa ulimi wothirira, madzi amagawanika masana, ayenera kutentha kutentha.
  7. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, dothi mumphika limayenera kumasulidwa kuti likhale ndi mpweya wabwino komanso kusunga chinyezi mu mphika.

  Chenjerani! Masamba a begoniya a mfumu ndi ofooka kwambiri, choncho, pukutani, madzi ndi kuthira zomera ayenera kusamala kwambiri.

• Kupaka pamwamba:
  1. Nthawi zambiri amadyetsa - kamodzi pamwezi pa nyengo yokula ndipo kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri iliyonse imakhala nthawi.
  2. Pakuti feteleza zovuta mchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
  3. Manyowa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokha panthaka youma, ngati nthaka yayuma, mizu ikhoza kuvutika.

  Povala zovala za mfumu ya begoni amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwa zomera zokongoletsera, mlingo wa 1/4 wa zomwe analimbikitsa pa phukusi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti duwa ili la mitundu yokongola kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndizofunika kuti ikhale yobiriwira. Ndipo chifukwa chake mukusowa nayitrogeni. Musanagule feteleza musakayikire kuti muyeso wa nayitrojeni umapangidwa.

  Njira yabwino ndiyo gawo la nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous (NPK 10-10-10). Ndifunikanso kumvetsetsa zamchere za pH fetereza. Feteleza omwe ali ndi pH ya 8-10 sali yoyenera kwa begonia begonia, iyo imalumikiza dothi ndipo imalepheretsanso kuyamwa kwa zakudya.

  Manyowa ena a begonias alibe pH mlingo!

Matenda ndi tizirombo

1. Mame a Mealy. Matenda a fungal, mbali yomwe imakhala ndi mazira ophimba masamba. Pamene matendawa akukula, masamba ali opunduka, ophimbidwa, owuma ndi kugwa. Ndiye kukula kwa maluwa kumasiya ndipo mbewu imamwalira. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuthamanga kopanda malo. Chotsatira chake, condensate imasonkhanitsa pamasamba, pali kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka, ndipo ichi ndi chanzeru chofalitsa fungal spores.
2. Grey kuvunda (matenda a fungal). Chifukwa - mvula yochuluka kwambiri komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Pachifukwa ichi, chinyontho chimaphatikiza pamapirati. Mbali yodziwika ndi kupanga mabala a bulauni omwe amaphimba maluwa, masamba ndi masamba. Ngati matendawa sali kuchiritsidwa, zimayambira zimakhala zofooka komanso zowonongeka, masambawo amatembenukira wakuda ndikugwa, kukula kwakula.
3. Kupatula. Ngati malo ochepa amadziwoneka pa chomera - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha bakiteriya spotting. Chomera chotani chopulumutsa sichingakhoze kuwonongeka, ndi kusokoneza mphika. Nthaka iyeneranso kutayidwa. Pambuyo pake, mphika umatulutsidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kapena mkuwa wa sulphate.
4. Kangaude mite. Zizindikiro za maonekedwe - mapangidwe a chikasu pamasamba ndi chipika cha siliva ndi mikwingwirima yamkuwa m'munsi mwa pepala. Ngati tizilombo tafala, timabowo ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapezeka pa pepala ndi timbweti timapanga. Zotsatira zake ndi kuchotsa tsamba la tsamba, kuphwanya tsamba, tsamba loponya ndi kubzala imfa.
5. Aphid a orange. Chomeracho chimakhudza tizilombo tonse akulu ndi mphutsi. Ambiri amawombera mphukira ndi masamba. Tizilombo timayamwa timadzi timene timachokera ku chomera. Chotsatira ndicho chikasu cha masamba, kutaya maluwa ndi masamba. Mbali yodziwika ndi yotulutsa madzi ndi zowonongeka pamsana mwa tsamba. Komanso, aphid ili ndi mavairasi owopsa.

Kusamalira bwino ndi zikhalidwe - chitsimikizo cha thanzi ndi moyo wautali wa mbewu. Pezani izi moyenera kwambiri ndipo onetsetsani kuti mutapeza zotsatira zabwino. Royal begonia wofatsa, komabe wodzichepetsa maluwa. Tsatirani malamulo osavuta osamalidwa ndipo chomeracho chidzakondweretsa inu kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kukongola kwake.