Strawberry amaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zipatso zokondedwa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake obereketsa samaima ndikubweretsa mitundu yatsopano yomwe ili ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri. Strawberry "Tsaritsa" ndi kusankha kokongola kwambiri kwa Russia. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za strawberries (strawberries) "Tsarina", kufotokoza za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi, komanso zomwe zimalima.
Zotsatira zam'kalasi
Mitengo ya sitiroberi imakula mofanana ndi chitsamba, imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso maluwa omwe ali pamtunda kapena pansi pa masamba. Antenna ndi ofiira kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi tsitsi lolunjika zambiri.
Zipatsozi zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe, zimakula m'munsi, zimakhala pafupifupi 40 g. Zimakhala zosalala komanso zofiira. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, yotanuka, imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale masamba ndi zipatso zokoma, zilibe pafupifupi shuga.
Zosiyanasiyana zimatanthauza chisanu chopinga ndipo amatha kupirira kutentha kuchokera pa -25 ° C mpaka -40 ° C pansi pa chisanu, ndi mpaka -22 ° C popanda chisanu. Ichi ndi chomera cha tsiku lalifupi. Amayesetsa kupereka mbewu kwa zaka 2-3. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka 3 makilogalamu a zipatso. Mitundu imeneyi imagonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo, komanso imatumizidwa ndi kusungidwa bwino. 
Tekeni yamakono
Musanayambe sitiroberi "Tsarina", ndikofunikira kusankha mbeu ndi malo oti mubzale. Mtengo wa tsogolo labwino umadalira.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha, panyumba komanso popanda nthaka.
Kodi kusankha mbande
Anthu amene akhala akugulitsa mbande kwa zaka zambiri ndikuyamikira mbiri yawo sangathe kugulitsa zinthu zoipa. Choncho, ndi bwino kugula zomera kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ogulitsa. Ngati izi sizingatheke, mvetserani zizindikiro zotsatira pa kugula:
- Masamba ayenera kukhala obiriwira, ndi ofewa pamwamba kapena kuwala. Zomera ndi masamba oonongeka ndi bwino kuti zisagule.
- Lipenga liyenera kukhala pafupifupi 0,7-0.8 masentimita awiri. Wowonjezera, ndibwino kuti azikolola.
- Mbeu zosafunika zisapezeke. Mizu iyenera kusungunuka ndipo phokoso siliyenera kuuma.
- Chitsamba chiyenera kukhala ndi masamba osachepera atatu.
- Ngati mbande zimagulitsidwa ndi mizu yotseguka, mverani iwo. Chomera chabwino chimakhala ndi mizu yolimba, yokhala ndi masentimita 7 ndipo mizu imachokera ku 0,5 masentimita.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagula mbande mu mphika, samverani mizu: iyenera kugawidwa mu chidebecho. Ndipo mu mphika wa peat - ayenera kupita kunja kwa khoma.
Nthawi komanso kumene kudzala mabulosi
Nthawi yabwino yobzala strawberries imatengedwa April-mwina mwina August-September. Froberries "Mfumukazi" imabzalidwa pamalo okongola ndi dzuwa. Mukhozanso kusankha malo ndi malo otsetsereka pang'ono. Ngati mubzala m'madzi, nthawi zambiri amadwala ndi kupereka zipatso zochepa. Kufika sikunalandiridwenso pakamatera, chifukwa padzakhala kusowa kwa chinyezi.
Zowonongeka, zowala ndi zokolola zowonongeka zimayenera bwino kukula kwa Tsaritsa zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera madzi ngati nthaka ndi yowuma. Ndibwino kuti abweretse 0,5 zidebe za mchenga wa mtsinje, 2 ndowa ziwiri za manyowa, 1 tbsp. l mtengo phulusa ndi 50 g wa urea pamene kukumba mu 1 lalikulu. m
Ngati muli ndi malo ochepa, kuti mupulumuke malo, pangani mabedi kapena mabedi ozungulira, mapiramidi. Ndipo chifukwa chokula motere mitundu ya ampelous strawberries ndi yangwiro.
Ndondomeko yobzala mbande pamalo otseguka
Froberries amabzalidwa potseguka pansi monga chonchi:
- Dulani mabowo kapena mabowo, momwe kuya kwake kuli masentimita 10-15, ndi kupitirira kwa 30-40 masentimita.
- Mbande anayikidwa kuti mtunda pakati pa tchire unali 18-20 masentimita.
- Mizu imayendetsedwa bwino mu dzenje lakuya.
- Chitsamba chosakanizidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
- Chitsamba chilichonse chimathiriridwa ndi madzi, pogwiritsa ntchito malita awiri a madzi.
- Pezani udzu wouma, utuchi kapena udzu, wosanjikiza wa 5-10 masentimita.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamadzala strawberries, onetsetsani kuti masamba oyambirira ali pamtunda.
Kodi kusamalira zosiyanasiyana "Tsarina"
Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino za Tsaritsa zosiyanasiyana, chisamaliro chofunikira n'chofunika.
Kuthirira, kuyanika ndi kumasula nthaka
Ngakhale kuti zosiyanazi ndi zosagwirizana ndi chilala, sizikuyenera kuyesa. Kuthirira strawberries kuyenera kukhala wochulukira, koma osati nthawi zambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira 1 pa chitsamba chilichonse. Kutentha, madzi 2-3 pa sabata, mu nyengo yamvula - ngati pakufunika.
Froberberries amafunika kumasula nthaka kuti asawonongeke. Izi zimachitika ndi fosholo pakati pa mizere yopanda pang'onopang'ono kuti asawononge mizu. Kenaka, pogwiritsa ntchito chida cham'munda (chopper, hoe, fosholo), nkofunika kuti muzitsuka pa tchire, kuchotsa namsongole.
Feteleza
Ndi kusowa kwa zakudya, zipatso zidzakhala zochepa komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri. Choncho, strawberries amafunika kumveka pamwamba:
- kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, urea yankho liyenela kuwonjezeredwa;
- musanayambe kuwona masambawa ndi manyowa ndi njira yothetsera mululu kapena zitosi za mbalame;
- pambuyo pa fruiting nthawi yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito nitrophosphate, potaziyamu sulphate, superphosphate;
- kumapeto kwa September - manyowa kapena kompositi.
Strawberry mulching
Kwa mabedi ndi strawberries anali okonzeka, ayenera kuti azikhala ndi udzu, singano zapaini kapena udzu wouma. Chinanso chosavuta kuchiyika pa filimu yapadera. Chifukwa cha mulching, nthaka imakhala ndi chinyezi, komanso imalola kuti udzu usamere.
Kuchiza ndi matenda
Mankhwala aakulu a sitiroberi "Tsaritsa" ndi mites, nematodes ndi weevils. Ndi bwino kuthana ndi tchire mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala monga Actellic, Confidor, Akarin. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika m'chaka, pamaso pa maluwa. Froberberries imadwala matenda otere: imvi zowola, powdery mildew, woyera tsamba malo. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumakhala mankhwala "Skor", "Bayleton", "Topaz". 
Kucheka ndevu ndi masamba
Mitengo iyenera kukonzedwa pambuyo pa fruiting. Nthiti ndi masamba ayenera kukonzedwa ndi kudulira mitsuko kapena shear kuti asapweteke mizu. Kudulira, kuchoka zimayambira osati zazifupi kuposa masentimita 10. Masamba achotsa kuwonongeka, chikasu ndi youma. Nkhoswe imachotsa chirichonse, kusiya choyamba chotsatira kuchokera ku chitsamba kuti mupitirize kubereka. Ngati kubereka sikungapangidwe mwanjira iyi, ndiye kuti masewera onse ayenera kukonzedwa.
Mukudziwa? Mabulosi okha omwe ali ndi mbewu kunja ndi strawberries. Pafupifupi, chipatso chimodzi chiri ndi mbewu pafupifupi 200.
Kodi kukonzekera strawberries kwa dzinja
Kukonzekera bwino kwa nyengo yozizira kudzakuthandizira kubala zipatso zabwino ndi zipatso zokolola chaka chamawa. Zitsamba ziyenera kuphimba m'nyengo yozizira, pogwiritsa ntchito udzu. Komanso ngati mpweya wotentha mumatha kutsanulira kompositi kapena peat pansi pa tchire, yomwe imakhala ngati feteleza. Kuphimba timabowo timaloledwa kugwa masamba kapena mapesi a chimanga. Komanso ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala apadera: spunbond, lutrasil. 
"Mfumukazi": ubwino ndi kuipa
Strawberry "Mfumukazi" ili ndi zambiri ubwino:
- zosiyana ndi zosagwirizana ndi matenda a fungal;
- nthawi yaitali ya fruiting;
- "Mfumukazi" ndikumana ndi chilala;
- Zipatso bwino zimapirira kayendedwe;
- kusungidwa bwino;
- mu chisamaliro ndi wodzichepetsa.
Izi zosiyanasiyana ndi zofooka:
- Zokolola zochepa pa nyengo yosauka (kutsika kutentha, chinyezi chachikulu);
- chosowa chogwiritsidwa ntchito;
- M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri kusungidwa kwa chisanu n'kofunikira.
