Biringanya (lat. Solánum melongéna) imatanthawuza zomera zosatha zotsalira za mtundu umene umatulutsa. Dziko lakwawo ndi India, Asia, ndi Middle East. Kumtchire, chipatsocho chili ndi mtundu wofiirira ndipo chimakulabe ku India, chimapezeka ku Burma. Chomera chomwecho ndi zipatso zazing'ono zili ku China. Monga chikhalidwe cha chakudya chodziwika kwa nthawi yaitali. Alexander wa Macedon ndi gulu lake lankhondo anakumana ndi makhalidwe ake okondweretsa panthawi ya nkhondo ya Aperisiya-Indian, 331-325 BC. Kulimbidwa ku Ulaya, monga chikhalidwe chosiyana, chinayamba m'zaka za m'ma 1800 zokha. Koma kale mu nthawi yaying'ono mitundu yambiri yawonekera, yosiyana mu mawonekedwe a chipatso ndi mtundu wake.
Mukudziwa? Biringanya (zipatso) ndi mabulosi. Khalani chomera chomera chingathe kufika mamita 1.5.
Berry wolemera wa 30 g kufika 2 kg. Mafomu amakhalanso odzaza zosiyanasiyana: oblong, mapeyala, ozungulira, ovoid. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala woyera, wachikasu, wa violet wosiyanasiyana wofikira mpaka wakuda, motley. 
Kalori ndi zolemba za mankhwala
Biringanya ndi mankhwala odya. Mafutawa ndi otsika - 0.1-0.4%, shuga mumtundu wa 2,8-4.6%, mapuloteni - kuyambira 0,6 mpaka 1.4%. Zipatso zili ndi 19% asprobic acid, komanso nicotinic acid, riboflavin, carotene, thianin ndi solanine-M (imapatsa kukoma kosasangalatsa). Pali tanini, kuchuluka kwa fiber, hemicellulose. Mwazimenezi - phosphorous, calcium, potaziyamu, magnesium, mkuwa, cobalt, chitsulo, ndi zina zotero.
Ndikofunikira! Samalani biringanya zowonjezera. Izi zingapangitse kunenepa kwambiri.Malinga ndi zakudya zamtengo wapatali, biringanya yaiwisi muli 24 kcal, yophika - 33 kcal, stewed nyama amakhala wathanzi - pafupifupi 189 kcal.
Zothandiza
Biringanya ali ndi ubwino wathanzi. Choyamba, ndi mankhwala odya. Matenda ambiri, pectin ndi zinthu zina zomwe sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dongosolo la munthu, koma kuyeretsa bwino, zimathandizira kuchotsa cholesterol choposa thupi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mlingo wa kolesterolini m'magazi nthawi zina umachepetsa kufika 40%. Mafuta ofatsa amachititsa kuti asidi azikhala ochepa. Mafuta aang'ono ndi cholesterol exretion kuchokera ku thupi amapanga chakudya chopatsa thanzi kwa anthu odwala matenda opatsirana.
Ŵerenganiponso za zomera zina zomwe zimachepetsanso cholesterol kapena kuzichotsa ku thupi: kugona, Japan quince, tomato, blueberries, hibiscus, mitambo, mbambo, mafuta odzola, mapiri a phulusa wofiira, chokeberry, purslane; mababu, hibiscus, wakuda rasipiberi, mitundu ya apulo Gloucester, dzungu, squash.Chenjezani kufooka kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, gallstone ndi matenda ena, chifukwa chake chimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Chifukwa cha zamkuwa zamtengo wapatali, zipatsozo zimathandiza kwambiri kuchepa magazi m'thupi. Zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a magazi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala zofunika kwa amayi apakati.
Zipatso zimathandiza anthu okalamba omwe akudwala matenda a edema, matenda a mtima. Potaziyamu mu biringanya zimapangitsa mtima, kuchotsa madzi kuchokera m'thupi. Malowa ndi othandiza pochiza matenda a impso, gout.
Kupezeka kwa mkuwa ndi chitsulo kumawonjezera kuwonjezeka kwa magazi a hemoglobin. Amapangitsa khungu ndi khungu kukhala bwino.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha nicotinic acid (vitamini PP), biringanya n'kopindulitsa kwa iwo amene akufuna kugonjetsa kusuta. Nicotinic acid mu zipatso zimathandiza thupi kuthana ndi chizolowezi chowongolera.Chiŵerengero choyenera cha mavitamini ndi zochitika zimasonyeza kuti ubwino wa biringanya kwa thupi ndiwowonekera.
Chithandizo cha matenda
Phindu la eggplants kwa anthu silimangokhala kudya ngati chakudya. Zimathandizira pa chithandizo cha atherosclerosis, kuchepa kwa magazi, matenda a m'mimba thirakiti, gout, impso, edema. Kuwonjezera pa kudya chotupitsa kapena chowombera, ngati vuto la kuchotsedwa kwa bile ndi m'mimba, mankhwala achipatala amalimbikitsa madzi ake. 
Mukudziwa? Mafuta okoma ndi ochiritsa kwambiri ndi otupa kwambiri. Zipatso zoterezi ndi zopapatiza komanso zowola, zili ndi mbewu zochepa.
Kumwa madzi
Chinsinsicho n'chosavuta. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono zimapulidwa, zidutswa pang'ono ndikuzizira madzi. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito juicer. Ngati muli ndi vuto ndi secretion bile - tengani zipatso zowononga, kudula peel, kudula mu magawo ang'onoang'ono ndi kutsanulira madzi otentha. Gwirani pafupi mphindi khumi mpaka mutuluka, kenaka muyike mu madzi osamba. Wiritsani kwa mphindi makumi atatu ndi mavuto. Kumwa kulowetsedwa tsiku lililonse makumi atatu musanayambe kudya.
Mukudziwa? Ku Ulaya, biringanya zinabwera m'zaka za m'ma VIII-IX. pa kukula kwa chiarabu kudzera ku Morocco. Mu Africa, chomera ichi chinabweretsedwa ndi Umayyads kuchokera ku Mesopotamiya pakadutsa katatu 632-709 n. er Mu Ufumu wa Russia unabwera m'zaka za XVII-XVIII kuchokera ku Persia wogonjetsedwa ndi Turkey.
Zothandiza zophika zouma
Zipatso zili zothandiza osati mwatsopano mwakonzedwa. Zikhozanso kuuma. Njira yosungirako ndi yabwino kuposa kusungirako. Mukamalongeza, chipatsochi chimachepera 40% za zinthu zothandiza, ndipo nthawi yachisanu, mpaka 20%.
Zouma motere: Sambani mosamala ndi kudula zipatsozo kukhala mbale zoonda, ulusike pa ulusi ndikupachikidwa pa uvuni (kapena chophika chowotcha) kwa maola angapo. Zipatso ziyenera kukhala zouma pang'ono, koma onetsetsani kuti zowuma ndi kuziwotcha. Pambuyo pake, magawo osakanizidwa amapachikidwa m'nyumba ndipo amauma kwa milungu iŵiri pamlengalenga. Mazira azirala amasungidwa pamalo ozizira.
Mukudziwa? Chakudya, biringanya zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ulaya kokha kuchokera m'zaka za m'ma XV. Zisanayambe, anthu a ku Ulaya anagwiritsira ntchito monga mankhwala.Mabakiteriya owuma ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa. Njira ya mankhwala ndi yophweka. Dulani zidutswa zouma za eggplants kudzera mu chopukusira khofi ndipo mutenge mafutawa kamodzi patsiku, supuni ya supuni musanadye chakudya.
Werengani za mankhwala ena amachitira matenda oopsa: mungu njuchi, uchi buckwheat, mthethe, phula, honeysuckle, jamu, mabulosi abulu munda, cloudberry, saxifrage, foxglove, periwinkle, marigold, cardamom, Cape jamu, kavalo-radish, kaloti, dzungu, sikwashi.Kutenga ufa pa supuni pa tsiku kudzakhala bwino kupewa matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.
Kulowetsedwa kwa ufa kungagwiritsidwe ntchito monga mankhwala odzitetezera ndi obwezeretsa a mano ndi mano. Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa ndi kophweka kwambiri. Supuni ya ufa yomwe imapezeka pogaya imatsanulira kapu ya madzi otentha ndikuyikira firiji. Onjezani supuni ya supuni ya mchere ndi kutsuka pakamwa panu.
Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika
Biringanya anayamba kudyedwa ngati chogulitsa ku Ulaya kokha kuchokera m'zaka za zana la 15. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndizovuta kwambiri kukonzekera ndi kuthandiza thupi. Zakudya za mavitamini ndi ma microelements zimapangitsa thupi la munthu kukhala ndi zinthu zofunika. Zakudya zamtundu wa caloric mu mphodza zimapatsa thupi thupi, zimapereka mphamvu ya mphamvu.
Mukudziwa? M'zaka zamkati zapitazi ku Ulaya, biringanya zinapatsidwa zinsinsi zomwe zimatulutsa mtima, kotero zimatchedwa "chipatso cha chikondi."
Zipatso za mbewuzo ndi zokazinga, zowonongeka, zophika, zouma ndi zophika. Pangani saladi, pates. Njira zonse ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo.- Zipatso zoyamwa. Zipatsozi zimatsukidwa bwino, zimakhala ndi mphete zoonda, zowonongeka ndi madzi otentha ndi mchere. Kenaka timagawo timakulungidwa mu ufa ndi yokazinga mu mafuta a masamba. Anyezi amathanso kudula m'mphete ndi zokazinga mu mafuta ophikira. Pambuyo pake, eggplants yokazinga ndi anyezi amaikidwa mu zigawo pa mbale ndi kutsanulira msuzi. Msuzi wakonzedwa mu skillet wa kirimu wowawasa ndi phwetekere puree. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kubweretsa zowonjezera kuwira ndikuzisunga m'dzikolo kwa mphindi imodzi.
- Biringanya mu kirimu wowawasa. Zipatsozi zimapulidwa, kudula m'magawo awiri, kuikidwa maminiti khumi m'madzi otentha amchere. Mutuwo umadulidwa kale, wadulidwa muzidutswa tating'ono ting'ono, towonongeka mu griddle mu mafuta a masamba. Kenaka wothira mpunga wophika, wodzaza kaloti ndi anyezi, zitsamba zatsopano ndi yaiwisi dzira. The chifukwa stuffing anadzazidwa yophika halves chipatso. Anadzaza ndi wosanjikiza wowawasa zonona, owazidwa finely grated tchizi. Iyo imayikidwa mu uvuni kwa maminiti khumi ndi asanu ndikuperekedwa ku tebulo.
- Zakudya zopyapyala zokhazikika mu Chigriki. Zipatso zimadulidwa mu magawo, zophika kwa mphindi 10 mu madzi amchere. Pambuyo pake, amaikidwa mu chidebe (mphika kapena zojambulazo), mchere, owazidwa shuga. Garlic, tchizi lopanda tchizi, mafuta a maolivi akuwonjezeredwa. Zonsezi zimatsanulidwa ndi phwetekere msuzi. Amatseka (atakulungidwa), amalowa mu uvuni ndi kuphika mpaka okonzeka.
Zotsutsana ndi ntchito
Ziyenera kunyalidwa m'malingaliro: kuchokera ku biringanya sizingakhale zopindulitsa zokha, komanso zimavulaza. Kudya iwo kuli ndi zotsutsana zambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Ndizoopsa kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zowonjezera kapena zosapsa. Mu mawonekedwe awa, zipatsozi zimakhala ndi solanine-M. Kuchuluka kwa chinthu ichi mu thupi laumunthu kumayambitsa poizoni wamphamvu kwambiri.Pofuna kupewa poizoni wa solanine, ndi bwino kuika chipatso mumadzi amchere kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu musanaphike. Utsi umatuluka mwa zipatso. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Solanine imapezeka muzitsamba zofiirira, buluu komanso zakuda. Zipatso za mitundu yowala sizikhala ndi poizoni muzolemba.
Mukudziwa? Mazira ndi kuphika kosayenera angayambitsenso ziwonetsero komanso zachiwawa. Chifukwa cha ichi, ku Middle Ages ku Ulaya iwo amatchedwa "wopusa apulo".
Pamene kudya kwambiri zipatso kungapangitse kudziletsa. Zimalimbikitsanso kuchepetsa kudya kwa eggplants kwa anthu odwala arthrosis, matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba (insultin-dependent), omwe ali ndi vuto ndi matumbo a m'mimba (gastritis, zilonda za m'mimba ndi zilonda za duodenal). Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito mochulukirapo, ngati pali mavuto a kansalu, impso. Ndibwino kuti musadye konse ngati miyala ya oxalate imakhala impso.Ngakhale zoopsa zonsezi, zimatha kuganiza kuti biringanya ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Apo ayi, sakanalandira kulandira koteroko. Komabe, m'zonse muyenera kudziwa nthawi yoti muime. Mitengo yabwinoyi imapatsa malo oganiza m'makonzedwe awo, kuwonjezera nyonga ndikuthandiza kuwongolera.
