Masiku ano, pafupifupi mlimi aliyense akufuna kukula mu cranberries m'nyumba yake ya chilimwe, chifukwa ndi kosavuta kuchita izi kusiyana ndi kupita ku zipatso zamtengo wapatali kupita ku nkhalango, ndikupita kudutsa m'nkhalango zaminga. Choncho, nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za cranberries okondedwa a m'mundamo, zokhudzana ndi kubzala ndi kusamaliranso pamodzi ndi chithunzi.
Kufotokozera
Cranberry wonyezimira wonyezimira wobiriwira ndi zipatso zamtundu wofiira ndi wa banja la cowberry ndipo amadziwika kuti berry kumpoto ikukula m'mapiri a m'dera la Leningrad. Chomera ichi sichabechabe chimene amachiwona ngati nyumba yosungiramo zakudya zamtengo wapatali ndi mankhwala, zipatso zake, zofanana ndi chitumbuwa, zili ndi mavitamini A, C, B1, B2, PP, K komanso zothandiza thupi monga thiamine, riboflavin ndi niacin.
Mitundu ya Blueberries ndi blueberries ndi oimira banja la cowberry, zomwe zipatso zake ndizofunika kwambiri.
M'munda wa Cranberry amaonedwa kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha zipatso zake zazikulu zokongola, zomwe zimakhala zosiyana ndi 15 mpaka 25 mm, zomwe zimakhala zazikulu katatu kusiyana ndi zipatso za nthangala. Zitsamba zimabzala mphukira zosakanikirana ndi zokwawa zokhalapo, kutalika kwake komwe kumadalira makamaka zosiyana siyana ndipo zimatha kukhala 50 cm 115 mu chisamaliro.
Mukudziwa? Mlimi wa ku America yemwe ankachita masewera olimbitsa thupi Henry Hall anayamba kulima chomera ichi m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 1800, ndipo mitundu yoyamba ya cranberries yaikulu inapezeka ndi kusankha kuchokera kumtunda.
Zotsatira zofika
Kuti mumvetse momwe mungakwerere cranberries mumunda mwanu, muyenera kulingalira mbali zonse za ndondomekoyi.
Madeti (masika, autumn)
Nkhalango ya kiranberi imabzalidwa, kawirikawiri kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene malo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito akugwedezeka mokwanira kufika pa masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Kudyetsa kwadzinja sikuphatikizidwa, iwo amangokonzekera pansi (mu September) kwa kasupe kubzala zokoma zipatso. 
Malo oti afike
Malo oti chodzala akhale osankhidwa bwino komanso owala bwino (akhoza kupukutidwa ndi korona wa mitengo ina), ndipo madzi a pansi pamtunda ayenera kukhala 25 cm pansi pa nthaka. Malo abwino oti apulumuke angakhale nyanja ya mtsinje kapena nyanja.
Zosowa za nthaka
Komanso chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa cranberries ndizofunikira pa nthaka: ochepa amadziwa kuti ayenera kukhala acidic (pH 3.5-6.5), zomwe zidzakupatsani zitsamba za kiranberi mwayi wonse wozomera kumunda uliwonse wamunda.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi othandizira kuthirira mutabzala ayenera kuigwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi acidic reaction (pH 4), mwinamwake mabulosi adzakhala ndi chlorosis pa masamba, zomwe zidzatsogolera kuwonjezereka kwa kukula ndi imfa yomaliza.Malo enieniwo ayenera kukhala malo otsetseretsa madzi ndi osatetezedwa, nthaka yomwe ingakhale yowala, yolemera, yochokera pamwamba-moor peat kapena gawo la nkhalango.
Mmene mungabzala cranberries m'munda
Ndondomeko yobzala cranberries ndikukula m'munda wanga ndi yophweka. Poyambirira, nkofunika kupanga bedi lapadera - kukumba ngalande pafupifupi 30 masentimita pansi ndikuchotsa pansi, ndipo popeza mizu ya kiranberi imakhala yeniyeni, ndiye kuti kuya kwake kudzachepa kokwanira. Munda wa chomera cha granberry ndi uwu: zomera zimayikidwa m'mayenje ndi miyeso ya 10 × 15 kapena 10 × 10 masentimita, ngati n'kotheka, kubzala ndi kochepa kwambiri kuti mphukira ifike mofulumira ndikuphimba pansi. Ndiye chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi, mopepuka chodzaza ndi nthaka ndi mulch - izi ndi zokwanira kuti ziphatikize ku bedi lanu la munda.
Ndikofunikira! Mbeu zowonongeka zowonongeka ziyenera kuikidwa m'manda pang'ono - zikhoza kukhala bwino kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a mizu yatsopano pansi pa mphukira.
Kusamalira bwino mbewu ya maluwa
Pambuyo mutabzala mbande ya kiranberi, muyenera kutsatira mosamala malamulo ena ofunika.
- Mutabzala, dothi liyenera kubisala filimu yomweyo ndikuigwiritsanso mpaka mapangidwe a lashes.
- Pambuyo pa kumera kwa 15-20 masentimita, zilondazo zimamangirizidwa ndi ndodo kuti asachoke pa webusaitiyi.
- Kuthira kwa cranberries kuyenera kukhazikika nthawi zonse, nthaka iyenera nthawi zonse kukhala hydrated, ndipo kamodzi pa sabata imayenera kutsanulidwa mokwanira. Pa masiku otentha a chilimwe, hydration iyenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Pa nyengo yokula, munthu sayenera kuiwala za kudyetsa chomera ndi njira zovuta zowonjezera feteleza, izi ziyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse, osayiwala za madzi otsanulira (zomwe zili ndi citric acid ndi viniga yankho).
Mukudziwa? Dzina la Chingerezi la cranberries ndi kirberry, lomwe limatanthawuza "mabulosi amphona". Dzinali lochititsa chidwi limeneli linali chifukwa cha kufanana kwa maluwa akutali ndi ofunda a mabulosi ndi mutu kapena mlomo wa crane. Ku Russia, amatchedwanso "chisanu", "zhuravikha" ndi "mitengo ya masika".
M'chaka
Kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene mabulosi a granberry amakhala wobiriwira, m'pofunika kuti azidulira zidutswa zazitsamba ndikuzidyetsa ndi feteleza. Ndifunikanso kukumbukira kutulutsidwa kwa nthaka kwa nthawi yake, komwe kuyenera kukhala nthawi yowonongeka. Popeza kuti kiranberi ndi mungu wochokera ndi njuchi, njira yothetsera njuchi ingakhale yobzala uchi pafupi ndi bedi lake - oregano, zokoma, ndi zina zotero.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana zitsamba: rasipiberi, khumi, olga, irga, goji, mphesa, currants, physalis, nyanja buckthorn ndi zilombo zouluka.
M'chilimwe
Nthawi yotentha yotentha, makamaka mu theka lachiwiri, ndikofunika kuti nthaka isadye, komanso mwa kuthirira nthawi zonse kuti musaiwale za chikondi cha zipatso chifukwa cha malo okhala acidic, choncho madzi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poonjezera citric kapena acidic acid. Zinthu zofunika pakukula bwino kwa shrub ndizoyeretsa panthawi yake mabedi kuchokera kwa namsongole osafunika komanso kumasula nthaka.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti mulch ziwembu ndi mabulosi a zaka zitatu amakula zonse 3-4 zaka zowonjezera za peat crumb kapena coarse mchenga mpaka masentimita awiri wakuda.
M'dzinja
M'dzinja, mu September-Oktoba, ndizotheka kale kubzala mbewu ya cranberry yopatsa. Zipatso ziyenera kusankhidwa pang'ono kamwana, Ayenera kucha nthawi yosungirako.
Njira zina zoberekera
Cranberry shrub kufalitsidwa kumachitika m'njira ziwiri - vegetative ndi zopatsa. Popeza m'nkhaniyi taona za kubzala mbeu, ndiye kuti tidzakambirana za anthu omwe sadziwa zambiri pakati pa anthu a m'nyengo ya chilimwe za njira yobzala cranberries - mbewu.
Kufalitsa mbewu Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pofuna kuswana, zipatsozo zimachokera ku zipatso zabwino ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimabzalidwa kapena zimatumizidwa kusungirako mapepala ang'onoang'ono. 
Kawirikawiri, atayanika, nyemba zimakula mochulukirapo, koma zimatulutsa mphukira zabwino pambuyo pa milungu iwiri. Kudyetsa zochitika zoterezi kumachitika nthawi ya chilimwe motere: Mbeu zimabalalika pamtunda pamwamba pa nthaka (gawo lapansi) ndi kuwaza ndi mchenga (2-3 mm), ndiye madzi, ophimbidwa ndi galasi ndikuikidwa pamalo otentha.
Iyo ikamera mphukira imakula pa masamba 4-5, imathamangira mu miphika kapena mabedi mu wowonjezera kutentha pa mtunda wa masentimita 10 wina ndi mzake. Mbewu zimamera kuchokera mu April mpaka Julai patadutsa milungu iwiri, mu August chivundikiro chotetezera chimachotsedwa ku wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo mu October bedi la munda limakhala ndi masentimita asanu ndi atatu a peat ndipo limapangidwanso kuti lizizira, koma ndi magawo awiri a spunbond.
Musanabzala malo osatha, mbande imamera kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo mbeu yochokera ku tchire yambewu imatha kupezeka pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Onaninso za mankhwala ndi zotsutsana za cranberries.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Monga zomera zonse za m'munda ndi m'munda, tchire la cranberry imatulukanso ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndi kuwononga tizilombo. Ngakhalenso tchire wathanzi kwambiri, mwatsoka, mukhoza kutenga matenda ena a mtundu uwu, mwachitsanzo:
- Malo ofiira ndi matenda a fungal omwe angapangitse kufa ndi kusintha kwa mphukira. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito 2 g ya "Readzole" ndi "Topsina L", kuchepetsedwa m'madzi okwanira 1, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera chomera chokhudzidwa;
- fomopsis ndi matenda omwe amachititsa chilala cha cranberry popanda kutha. Kuukira koteroko kungayambe nyengo yowuma komanso nyengo yotentha. Pochotseratu zizindikiro za matendawa, chitsamba chimachiritsidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa fungicide;
- cytosporosis, kapena kuvunda wakuda, zomwe zimakhudza zipatso za cranberries. "Chloroxide mkuwa" ikhoza kuthana ndi matendawa;
- Nkhungu ya chipale chofewa ndi imodzi mwa matenda ovulaza ndi owononga kwambiri, ndipo ngati sachitidwa, foci ikhoza kuwononga kwathunthu shrub. Pofuna kupewa malowa pulojekiti yowonongeka ndi yankho la "Fundazol";
- Monilial yotentha - matenda opatsirana ndi mphukira, amafota, amawunikira komanso amauma. Kulimbana ndi "Topsin M" kapena "Ronilan" woyenera;
- Pestalation - amawononga zipatso, masamba ndi mapesi. Amadziwika ndi mabala a bulauni kumadera obiriwira, ndipo kenako amatha kuphatikiza ndikukhala malo otupa. Kuchokera ku matendawa kumathandiza mkuwa oxychloride;
- Terry kapena kumera ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a mycoplasma. Kuchokera ku mphukira zake ziri zofananako ndi "mafiti a mfiti." Chitsambacho satha kubala chipatso, ndipo ngati zipatso zinayamba kukhazikitsa ngakhale kusanayambe kwa matenda - zimakhala zazing'ono ndi zoipa. Mwamwayi, palibe mankhwala omwe apangidwanso kuti athe kuchiza matendawa, kotero chomera chokhudzidwacho chiyenera kuchotsedwa pa bedi la munda;
- Botrytis - chimakwirira chimayambira nyengo yamvula ndi fungal fluffy patina. Ili ndi dzina lina - imvi yovunda. Polimbana ndi matenda ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito Bordeaux mankhwala mankhwala.
Ngati mukutsatira malamulo oyenerera ndi osavuta, munda wokongola wa cranberry udzawathandiza kuchepetsa kulima kwa mwiniwake ndikusamalira bwino, ndikumuyamika ndi mbewu zabwino komanso zowonjezereka.
