Ngakhale wamaluwa odziwa bwino angathe kuthana ndi vuto ngati masamba a chikasu a tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zifukwa izi ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudziwa komwe kumayambitsa vutoli pakapita nthawi kuti mupeze yankho ndikuthandizani kuti tomato ikule ndikukula. Tiyeni tiwone chifukwa chake masamba a tomato obzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha amatembenukira chikasu ndikupeza njira zothetsera vutoli.
Kulephera kukumana ndi masiku otsika
Chifukwa chomwe masambawo amatembenukira chikasu m'ma tomato angakhale osagwirizana ndi malamulo ofunika kwambiri. Pano pali kukula kwa nthaka sikokwanira, kapena mbande zidatengedwera kwambiri.
Kuwaza mbatata mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mizu yawo siimapanga mtanda, mwinamwake chomeracho chidzayamba kufota. 
Chifukwa chake chodabwitsa ichi ndi chakuti ma phwetekere anali ndi malo ochepa kwambiri mu chidebe, iwo anasiya ndipo pang'onopang'ono anayamba kufa.
Ngakhale chikhalidwe chinali mu mphika, chinali chopanda kanthu, koma mu wowonjezera kutentha, mutabzala, masamba ndi ndondomeko zimayamba kufa pamodzi ndi mizu. Pofuna kupeŵa vutoli, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbeu sizingapitirire mu chidebecho.
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu iliyonse imalimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale ndi mulingo wokwanira wa malita atatu.Pamene phwetekere mbande kutembenukira chikasu ndi youma pa chifukwa ichi, muyenera kudziwa choti muchite. Mukhoza kuthetsa vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito mizu yopopera mbewu mankhwala.
Pochita izi, tenga njira yothetsera feteleza yofooka. Pa nthawi imodzimodzi ya madzi okwanira imodzi muyenera kutenga 10 g ya kuvala pamwamba. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale ngati mbali zina za zomera zikufa, zatsopano zidzakula ndithu. Koma ndiyenera kukhala okonzekera kuti kukula kwa chikhalidwe kudzachedwa kwa milungu ingapo.Dzidziwitse nokha ndi malamulo akukula zomera monga: nkhaka, tsabola lokoma, eggplant, ndi strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Chifukwa chiyani masamba a tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha amatembenukira chikasu, mizu yawonongeka panthawi yopatsira
Chifukwa chake tomato amatembenukira chikasu atatha kusinthanso akhoza kukhala mitundu yonse ya makina owonongeka ku mizu yawo.
Sitiyenera kuyambitsa chisangalalo chachikulu, chifukwa chikhalidwe chidzakhazikika mu nthawi, mizu yodziwika idzaonekera, ndipo, motero, mtundu wa masambawo udzapulumuka pang'onopang'ono. 
Maonekedwe a tizirombo ta tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha
Masamba a masamba a tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha amapanganso chifukwa cha tizirombo. Manyowa, maatodes, ndi zimbalangondo zomwe zimakhala pa mizu ya zomera zimatha kukhala m'nthaka, zomwe zimawawononga. Zikatero, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga.
Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita ngati masamba atsekedwa pa tomato.M'masitolo apadera mungagule mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amamenyana bwino ndi zamoyo zoterezi. Mwachitsanzo, a Medvetoks ndi Bingu angagwiritsidwe bwino ntchito polimbana ndi Medvedok.
Kwa wireworm, "Basudin" idzakuthandizani kuchotsa izo. Ngati tomato amatembenukira masamba achikasu mu wowonjezera kutentha chifukwa cha nematodes, nthaka iyenera kukhala yowonongedwa, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kulimbana nazo.Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yaitali, tomato ankaonedwa kuti ndi zipatso zakupha, pamodzi ndi zinthu zina zomwe zinkachokera ku South America. Koma mu 1820, Colonel Robert Gibbon Johnson adadya chidebe chonse cha tomato kutsogolo kwa khoti ku New Jersey. Kotero iye anatha kutsimikizira khamulo, lomwe linamuyang'ana iye, tomato sali owopsa, koma wokoma kwambiri. Kuchokera apo, masamba awa apeza kutchuka kodabwitsa.
Kuthirira molakwika kwa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha
Mu tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha masamba amatembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha madzi osayenera, choti tichite nawo, tidzanena zambiri. Pali zofunikira zambiri zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pamene mukukula tomato.
- Nthaŵi yowonjezera nthaka. Tomato sakonda kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Zosangalatsa zambiri, koma kawirikawiri nthaka moistening. Kuthira mowa kwambiri kumayambitsa maonekedwe a bowa pa tsamba.
- Njira yothirira. Ngati masamba a phwetekere mbande amatembenukira chikasu, ndiye mwinamwake kuthirira kunkachitika osati pansi pa shrub, koma pa masamba. Pankhaniyi, iwo adzasanduka chikasu. Ndikofunika kuti madzi amwetse nthaka, koma osati masamba.
- Kutentha kwa madzi otentha. Mukasankha kukula tomato m'nyumba, muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuti muyenera kuyang'ana chisonyezero cha chinyezi. Kutuluka kwa madzi mu nyengo yotentha kumakhala pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi malo otseguka, choncho chinyezi chidzakhala chapamwamba kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Kukula tomato poyamba kunayamba Aztec wakale ndi Inca. Izo zinachitika pafupi ndi zaka za m'ma VIII AD. Ndipo pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1600, iwo adatumizidwa ku Ulaya.
Kusasowa kwa mchere
Chifukwa china chomwe masamba a phwetekere amatembenukira chikasu akhoza kukhala osakhala ndi zochitika zina mwa iwo, chifukwa tomato izi ndi zofunika kwambiri.
- Kupanda nayitrogeni. Mitengo ya phwetekere yomwe imakhala ndi njala ya nayitrogeni nthawi zambiri imawoneka yofooka, zimayambira ndizochepa, ndipo masambawo ndi ochepa. Kusokonezeka kumeneku kungathetsedwe mwa kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa panthaka kapena feteleza omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni. Ngati manyowa akugwiritsidwa ntchito, ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi (1:10), ndi kuthirira tomato ndi njira yothetsera.
- Kulephera kwa Manganese. Ngati masamba a phwetekere akutembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha malungo a manganese, choti tichite, tidzanena zambiri. M'mitengo yotere, masamba amawoneka achikasu, masamba akulu amayamba kuvutika, ndipo kenako okalamba amakhudzidwa. Kutentha nthaka ndi yankho la mullein (1:20), komanso manyowa osakaniza (1:10) wothira phulusa angathe kuthetsa vutoli.
Ndikofunikira! Mazira a m'munsi a masamba a phwetekere akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka.
Kuwonongeka kwa matenda a phwetekere
Zikatero ngati mizu ya tomato sinawonongeke, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitimayang'anitsitsa, ndipo nthaka imakhuta mokwanira ndi mchere, matenda a fungal akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha chikasu cha masamba.
Phunzirani zambiri za matenda a phwetekere komanso momwe mungawalamulire.Kawirikawiri mwina fusarium kapena mochedwa choipitsa. Ngati zifukwa zakuti mbande za phwetekere zimasintha chikasu, ndizo matenda a fungal omwe amachokera, ndiye zomwe tingachite pa nkhaniyi, tidzanena pansipa.
- Fusarium. Matendawa amadziwonetsera m'ma masamba a tomato ngati kusintha kwa mtundu komanso kuchepa. Matenda oterewa amafalikira kudzera mu mbewu zowonongeka kapena zipangizo zam'munda. Ngati bowa limakhala mu nthaka, ikhoza kukhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali. Zinthu zabwino kuti zikhalepo ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi okwanira tsiku ndi tsiku. Fusarium ikhoza kudziwonetsera yokha pa kukula kulikonse kwa phwetekere. Zimapezeka kuti m'munsi masamba kutembenukira chikasu osati okhwima zomera, komanso phwetekere mbande. Chifukwa cha izi ndi bowa womwewo. Ngati mbande ya tomato kapena munthu wamkulu atembenuka chikasu, ndiye yankho la funso loyenera kuchita ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo osiyanasiyana. Chotsani bwino "Trichodermin" ndi "Previkur."
- Kuwonongeka kochedwa. Pa masambawo, matendawa amadziwika ngati mabala a bulauni, omwe angapite pang'onopang'ono ku chipatsocho. Pofuna kupewa vutoli, muyenera kuthirira madziwo bwino, osalola madzi kugwa pamasamba. Kulimbana ndi bowa kungakhale kugwiritsa ntchito Bordeaux madzi, kukonzekera "Tattu" ndi "Infinito."
Ndikofunika kuti mutha kuzizindikira nthawi kuti muthe kuchita zoyenera mwamsanga ndi kuonetsetsa kuti mwakuya ndipamwamba kwambiri.
