Kupanga mbewu

Mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka ya Labaznika (meadowsweet)

Meadowsweet ndi chomera chokongoletsa kuchiritsa katundu. Anapezeka ambiri ogwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuchipatala.

Kwa ambiri, amadziwikanso ngati tavolga. Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu ya meadowsweet.

M'nkhaniyi tiona mitundu yofala kwambiri.

Common (Filipendula vulgaris)

Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka m'mapiri, m'mphepete mwa steppe ndi m'nkhalango. Nthaŵi zambiri amapezeka m'dera lamapiri la Spain, Northern Turkey, Iran, North-West Africa. Mitengoyi ndi ya 40-60 masentimita, nthawi zambiri imatha kufika mamita 1. Maluwawo ali ndi mamita 1 masentimita ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu woyera kapena wofiira, inflorescence ndi pafupifupi masentimita 15 m'litali. Maluwa amapezeka mu May - June ndi masiku 25 mpaka 30. Pambuyo maluwa okongoletsa amasungidwa. Chidziwikiritso cha Labaznika wamba ndi kudzichepetsa kwa chinyezi, chikhoza kukula mosavuta m'malo amdima. Maluwa a meadowsweet ali ndi mafuta ofunikira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azisaka vinyo ndi mowa. Mizu yake imadya ndipo imakhala yolemera kwambiri. M'maganizo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira m'mimba, m'matope, ndi impso.

Ndi chomera chochepa kwambiri, koma si aliyense amene angachigwiritse ntchito.

Ndikofunikira! M'madera otsika kwambiri, otchulidwa kwambiri ndi astringent, diuretic, ndi hemostatic properties, kotero mtundu uwu wa zomera umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu mankhwala asayansi.

Chomera ichi chimapezeka ndi njuchi chifukwa cha uchi.

Viscoid (Filipendula ulmaria)

Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Small ndi Central Asia, Western Europe, ku Caucasus. Caspian Labaznik - chomeracho ndi chachikulu ndipo chikhoza kufika mpaka 160 cm mu msinkhu. Kukongoletsera kumapitirira kuchokera masiku 20 mpaka 25, ili ndi maluwa okoma kapena mtundu woyera. Amamera kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa July, 7-8 inflorescences ali pa chomera chimodzi.

Pambuyo maluwa kwathunthu kutayika ake kukongoletsa kwenikweni. Osatopa ndi kuzizira ndipo amamva bwino kuzizira kwa madigiri 35. Kufuna chinyezi, koma zidzakula bwino mu dzuwa.

Lili ndi mitundu 5: 'Aurea', 'Variegata', 'Aureovariegata', 'Rosea', 'Plena'.

  • 'Aurea'. Ali ndi masamba a chikasu ndi a golidi chifukwa chakuti ndi otchuka ndi wamaluwa. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wa ma rosettes a masamba a basal, ndibwino kuti muchotse mphukira maluwa pamene akupanga.
  • 'Variegata'. Kaŵirikaŵiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera chobiriwira. Ili ndi inflorescence wandiweyani, yomwe ili ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a kirimu mtundu. Amakonda malo ochepa okha, samalola nthaka youma ndi yosauka, imakula mwamsanga.
  • 'Aureovariegata'. Ili ndi mitsinje yofiira kwambiri ya golidi, yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa, kotero maluŵa okongola kwambiri a mtundu uwu ali m'malo amdima.
    • 'Rosea', kapena pinki yofiira. Mitundu ya rarest ya meadowsweet. Ziri za mawonekedwe a munda ndipo ali ndi maluwa a pinki.
    • 'Plena'. Ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, komwe kumatha kufika mamita 1.5. Pamene maluwa amadzala ndi maluwa ambiri obiriwa.

    Steppe (Filipendula stepposa)

    Subspecies meadowsweet. Amamera m'mapiri a floodplain ndi steppes. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku Hungary, Austria ndi Northern Kazakhstan. Opeza wandiweyani inflorescences ndi kirimu woyera maluwa. Chinthu chosiyana ndi chakuti panthawi yake maluwa ndi kwathunthu masamba osungunuka. Kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi chimodzimodzi ndi malo okongola okongola, omwe kaŵirikaŵiri amafikira mamita 1.

    Palmate (Filipendula palmata)

    Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Far East ya Russia ndi kummawa kwa Siberia. Kutalika ndi pafupi mita imodzi. Lili ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono omwe amapanga inflorescence pafupifupi 25 cm m'litali. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya Labaznik, ili ndi rhizomes yaitali, yomwe imakula chaka chilichonse ndi masentimita 10-20, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwake kukulirakulira. Kwa nthawi yaitali, masamba a palmate omwe amafanana ndi kanjedza, ndiye chifukwa chake amatchulidwa.

    Nthaŵi zina nthendayi imatchedwa spirea, yomwe imakhala yolakwika kuchokera ku malo owonetsekera.

    Wofiira (Filipendula rubra)

    Miyendo yofiira imatchedwanso "Queen of the Prairie." Amakula kummawa kwa North America. Chomera chachikulu kwambiri, kutalika kumatha kufika mamita 2.5. Lili ndi masamba akulu ndi inflorescence wandiweyani a pinki yaing'ono maluwa. Amakonda chinyezi ndi kuwala, sakonda shading yamphamvu, yomwe ingaleke kufalikira. Ili ndi zipatso zokongoletsera za mtundu wofiira ndi mdima wofiira ('Magnifica') kapena maluwa ofiira ('Venusta'). Ali ndi chisanu chotsutsa kwambiri.

    Mukudziwa? Makolo athu, pomwe padali kukula, anali kukumba chitsime - apo ndithudi ayenera kukhala madzi.

    Kamchatka (Filipendula camtschatica)

    Shelomaynik amakula ku Kuril Islands, Kamchatka, kumpoto kwa Japan. Amakonda nthaka yopanda ndale. Ndili ndi masamba osambira pafupifupi masentimita 30, ndipo m'lifupi mukhoza kufika masentimita 40. Mmera wokha uli wamtali ndipo ukhoza kufika mamita atatu mu msinkhu. Ali ndi chisanu chozizira kwambiri ndipo amatha kulekerera chisanu mpaka -40 madigiri. Maluwa kuyambira July mpaka August.

    Kukongoletsa malowa ndi pinki ya pinki kudzathandiza Spuraya Bomald ndi Japanese, cotonaster, rosehip, carnation, stems, delphinium, clematis, heather, primroses, hydrangea.

    Purple (Filipendula purpurea)

    Mtundu wofiirira uli ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ku Japan. Mitundu ya meadowsweet imakhala yotsika kwambiri ndipo ili ndi kutalika kwa 0,5 mamita 1 mita. Maluwa ndi ofiira ndi pinki yakuda. Maluwa amapezeka kuyambira kumapeto kwa June mpaka August. Zotchuka zosiyanasiyana za meadowsweet izi ndi 'Elegance'.

    Mzere wambiri (filipendula angustiloba)

    Amapezeka nthawi zambiri kumpoto kwa China, ku Primorye, m'chigawo cha Amur ndi ku Far East. Ili ndi masamba okongola okhala ndi kupotoka kochepa, komwe kuli koyera zoyera.

    Ndikofunikira! Muzu wa meadowsweet uli ndi mankhwala otchedwa salicylic acid, omwe amapanga maziko a aspirin. Choncho, kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito meadowsweet kumagwiritsidwa ntchito monga analgesic ndi anti-inflammatory drugs.

    Naked (Filipendula glaberrima)

    Mtundu uwu wa meadowsweet umatchedwanso Korea. Amakula pamapiri a floodplain ndi mabanki a nkhalango. Kawirikawiri amapezeka ku Kuril Islands, Peninsula ya Korea ndi chilumba cha Hokkaido ku Japan. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yotsika kwambiri ndipo imatha kufika mamita 1.5 m'litali. Maluwa a pinki maluwa, pamene ukufalikira kutembenuka woyera.

    Ambiri (Filipendula multijuga)

    Akukula pakati ndi kum'mwera kwa Japan. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mtundu uwu: alpine ndi nkhalango. Fano la alpine liri lalifupi, kutalika kwake sikudutsa 30 cm, limapezeka kumapiri. Fomu yamapiri ingapezeke m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Kutalika kwa mawonekedwewa kumakhala pakati pa 50 mpaka 80 cm. Lili ndi masamba okongola kwambiri ndipo limamasula ndi maluwa okongola a pinki.

    Kumadzulo (Filipendula occidentalis)

    Amatchedwanso "Mfumukazi ya Forest." Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka kumpoto kwa America pansi pa nkhalango komanso pamphepete mwa nyanja. Kutalika kwa chomerachi sikunkaposa 1 mamita. Chili ndi maluwa aakulu kwambiri a chipale chofewa chokhala ndi mamita 1 mpaka 1.5 cm.

    Kumveka koyera m'munda kudzathandiza kulenga viburnum, white spirea, njenjete, hydrangea, deicia, spray roses, chrysanthemums.

    Koresi (Filipendula kiraishiensis)

    Imodzi mwa mitundu yosawerengeka kwambiri ya Labaznik. Limakula kokha kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Taiwan m'mapiri. Ichi ndi chomera chaching'ono chokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20-30. Ali ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera kapena pinki. Zimasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya ma mitala. Mungathe kukumana ndi zomera ndi maluwa amphongo ndi amphongo panthawi yomweyo.

    Mukudziwa? Anthu otanthauzira chi Turkic, tavolga anali chomera chachipembedzo: awo omwe adagona pa ulendo wawo wotsiriza anapatsidwa ndondomeko ya tavolga.

    Tsuguvo (Filipendula tsuguwoi)

    Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka kum'mwera kwa zilumba za ku Japan kumapiri. Kunja, ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi Koresi ndipo zimasiyana ndi maluwa oyera.

    Meadowsaw Tsuguvo ndi dioecious mitundu. Mosiyana ndi kiraisyskogo, iye ndi mmodzi yekha ndipo ali ndi mwamuna kapena mzimayi yekha.

    Zabwino (Filipendula formosa)

    Maganizo awa amakhalanso ndi msinkhu waung'ono, womwe uli pansi pa 1 mita.

    Maluwa ndi pinki yakuda kapena wofiirira.

    Mungathe kukomana naye ku South Korea yekha.

    Mitundu imeneyi ili pafupi ndi Zugovo ndi nkhalango zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda ndipo ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yawo yosawerengeka.

    Large-fruited (Filipendula megalocarpa)

    Malo okwera kwambiri, omwe kutalika kwake amasiyana ndi 1.5 mamita 1.8 mamita. Amapezeka kumpoto kwa Turkey, kumpoto kwa Iran ndi Transcaucasia. Amamera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya mapiri ndipo amawoneka ofanana kwambiri ndi maluwa, omwe amasiyanitsa ndi kamangidwe kake ka maluwa.

    Ovala (Filipendula vestita)

    The Meadowsweet atavala amawoneka ofanana kwambiri ndi omwe akukumana nawo, ali ndi kutalika kwake, osapitirira 1.5 mamita.Ukhoza kukomana naye m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ku Himalayas ndi subalpine meadows.

    Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomeracho sichitha kukongoletsa munda wanu, komanso chimapindula chifukwa cha machiritso ake, ndipo mitundu yake yambiri idzakupatsani mpata wosankha malo abwino.