Yoshta ndi dzina lalitali lamtengo wa zitsamba ndi zipatso zakuda zomwe zimafanana ndi chitumbuwa chachikulu. Yoshta ndi wachibale wa currant, wowawasa-zipatso zokoma amakhala ndi zakudya pang'ono za nutmeg ndipo, zomwe zimakhala zabwino kwambiri, sizikuphulika ngati currants yakucha.
Zipatso za yoshta ndizokoma kwambiri, koma zipatsozi zimatha kukonzekera m'nyengo yozizira monga jam, confiture, compote, kapena mawonekedwe atsopano a mazira. Makhalidwe apamwamba amadziwika kuti ntchito yoshta ikufalikira pophika, zipatso zake zimapereka kukoma kwatsopano ngakhale zodziwika, zikuwoneka, mbale.
Ma caloriki ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi yoshta
Yoshta zipatso zimakhala ndi shuga (pafupifupi 7%), organic acids, pectin, ndi anthocyanins - zinthu za mtundu wa glycoside. Zomwe zimapangidwanso ndi yoshta, choyamba zimatchedwa iron, potassium, ayodini ndi mkuwa. Ndiponso Yoshta ali ndi mavitamini ochuluka - makamaka vitamini C ndi P. 
Monga momwe tikuonera kuchokera pa tebulo, yoshta ali ndi calorie yochepa kwambiri, yomwe imathandiza kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera mu zakudya, komanso pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo.
Mukudziwa? Currants za kukula kwa gooseberries osati prickly - nthano kapena chenicheni? Mbalame wamkulu Michurin anatha kuzindikira malotowa pokhapokha: mitundu yambiri ya mdima wofiirira iye ankatchedwa "Black Moor". Pa nthawi yomweyi, mayesero omwewo anachitidwa ku Germany, koma kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse kunalepheretsa ntchitoyi ndi kuiimitsa kwa zaka makumi atatu. Ndipo m'chaka cha 1970, dziko lonse lapansi linapangidwa kuti likhale mbewu yosakanizidwa, yomwe ikugwirizana ndi maloto a nthawi yaitali omwe amalimidwa.Chizindikiro cha mphamvu cha yoshta
| Zokhutira, g | Kalori, kcal | Chiŵerengero cha mphamvu,% | |
| Magologololo | 70 | 30 | 6 |
| Mafuta | 20 | 20 | 4 |
| Zakudya | 910 | 360 | 81 |
Zopindulitsa za yoshta
Yoshta ndi wosakanizidwa wa jamu, jamu ndi wakuda currant. Asayansi sanathe kokha kuonjezera zokolola za currants pamene akusunga zonse zowathandiza, komanso kuti apange chomera chotsutsana ndi matenda okhudza mitundu ya makolo.
Wosakanizidwa ndi dzina la zomera zomwe zimapezeka powoloka nthumwi zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, sharafuga ndi wosakanizidwa wa apricoti, plamu ndi pichesi, ndipo emealina ndi mabulosi akuda ndi rasipiberi.
Posiyana, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Yoshta alibe minga yotengera maluwa, omwe anali bonasi yowonjezera ku zotsatira za ntchito ya asayansi a ku Germany motsogoleredwa ndi wofalitsa Rudolph Sauer. 
Chinthu chokha chimene yoshta ndi chochepa kwambiri kwa "makolo" ake - currants - ndi vitamini C wokhutira. Komabe, tikakumbukira kuti currant yakuda imatchulidwa "vitamini-C" zamasamba (masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso) pamalo olemekezeka achitatu (kutsata chiwombankhanga ndi tsabola wokoma ku Bulgaria), zikuwonekeratu kuti sikukwanitsa kunena za kusowa kwa vitamini C mu yoshta.
Koma kuti zokolola za yoshta sizigwirizana ndi ziphuphu zotuluka m'magazi zomwe sizipeŵereka pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi jamu, n'zosatheka kutchula chirichonse ngati chabwino!
Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "yoshta" ndilophatikiza mawu awiri: currant (German Johannisbeere) ndi jamu (German Stachelbeere).Mankhwalawa a yoshta, kupezeka kwa zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira mmenemo zimapangitsa kuti mabulosi apindule. Kuwonjezera pa mavitamini ndi kufufuza zinthu zofunika thupi la munthu, anthocyanins omwe ali mu zipatso zake amatha kupha mabakiteriya, kulimbikitsa makoma a mitsempha ndi kusintha kuyendetsa magazi.
Phytoncides yomwe yoshta imatetezera kukula ndi kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi bowa, kotero zipatso zimathandiza kwambiri monga anti-inflammatory, anti-chifuwa ndi bactericidal agent.Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa yoshta kumathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito ya m'mimba ili ndi ntchito, zipatso za zomera ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mizu yake zimakhudza kutsekula m'mimba. Pamodzi ndi makangaza, yoshta imapanga kuchuluka kwa hemoglobini m'magazi ndipo imasonyezedwa ku kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komanso matenda oopsa kwambiri.
Pomalizira pake, yoshta ili ndi chuma cha excreting heavy metal salts, poizoni komanso zinthu zina zothamanga kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa apindule kwambiri, makamaka kwa anthu a m'midzi.
Yoshta wolemera
Yoshta ali ndi shuga wambiri ndipo amawonedwa ngati mankhwala otsika kwambiri.Ichi ndi chifukwa chokwanira chophatikizira mabulosi mu zakudya zanu popanda mantha chifukwa cha kukula kwa m'chiuno. Koma palinso zifukwa zowonjezera zogwiritsa ntchito yoshtu kuti zisawonongeke. 
Momwemonso, anthocyanins yomwe yoshta ikulemera imayendetsa minofu m'thupi ndipo, motero, imathandizira kugawanika kwa mafuta.
Pectins amathandiza kuti matumbo a microflora apitirire komanso kuti asamayende bwino. Kuyeretsa thupi, izi zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kulemera.
Pofuna kuti thupi lanu likhale lolemera, amalangizi amalimbikitsa kudya tsiku lililonse 0.5 mpaka 0,7 makilogalamu a yoshta masiku 15. Pa nthawi yomweyo, simukuyenera kupanikizana ndi mabulosi ndi keke kapena chopukutira. 
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito yoshta monga zakudya zowonjezera kulemera kwake, palinso mwapadera zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa. Gome ili m'munsi likuwonetsa chitsanzo cha zakudya za masiku khumi zomwe zimakupatsani inu masentimita 3-4 olemera.
Kutaya mapaundi owonjezerawo kungakuthandizeni: broccoli, sipinachi, makamamu, kabichi wa Chinese, osakaniza, goji berries, horseradish, maapulo, barberry, cilantro.
Zakudya zochokera ku Yoshta
| Tsiku loyamba | Tsiku lachiwiri | |
| Chakumwa | 100 g ya zipatso za Yoshta mkate wonse wa mkate wa tirigu | 200 g oatmeal 250 g yoshta compote |
| Chakudya | 200 g Yoshta zipatso 200 g mafuta a kanyumba tchizi | 200 g ya yoshta zipatso 1 chifuwa cha nkhuku yophika |
| Teti ya madzulo | 200 magalamu a yoshta zipatso | 200 magalamu a yoshta zipatso |
| Kudya | 2 makapu kefir 2.5% | 200 g kanyumba kakang'ono ka mafuta mafuta 250 g yoshta compote |
Kukonzekera yoshty m'nyengo yozizira
Yoshta zipatso zimathandiza kwambiri kuti zisakanike, ndipo ngati zakonzedwa bwino, zimasunga zakudya zambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mukolole bwino zipatso za yoshta bwino kusonkhanitsa pang'ono zosapsa. Mu mawonekedwe awa, mankhwalawa amakhalabe mawonekedwe ake ndipo pakukonzekera sikusanduka phala. Ngati yoshtu sakanatha kusonkhanitsidwa panthawi yake, mungathe kupukutira madzi kuchokera mmenemo, kapena kudutsa mwa chopukusira nyama, kupanga jelly, kupanikizana, confiture, ndi zina zotero.
Njira yabwino yokolola zipatso za yoshta m'nyengo yozizira kwathunthu komanso popanda chithandizo cha kutentha zimayanika ndi kuzizira. Njirazi zimakulolani kuti muzisungirako mankhwalawa, chifukwa, kuphatikizapo kusakhala ndi kutentha kwapamwamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zambiri zisawonongeke, sizigwirizana ndi kuwonjezera shuga kwa mabulosi ndikusunga zakudya za yoshta.
Yashta wouma
Mitengo ya Yoshta imakhala ndi khungu lenileni lomwe limawathandiza kusungidwa bwino popuma. Compote kapena decoction yopangidwa kuchokera ku zouma yoshta ndi yofunika kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira zakudya kuti likhale ndi mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi ndi mavitamini C. 
Yashtu youma ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga zowonjezera mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, zikate kapena muffins, momwe yoshta amawonjezeredwa m'malo mwa zoumba, iwo adzalandira kukoma kokoma ndi koyambirira ndi mthunzi wa nutri). Pomaliza, ndizosangalatsa kuumitsa wouma ngati chonyowa: ndizofunika kwambiri kuposa ma cookies kapena maswiti ndipo sizodzikongoletsa.
Asanayese, zipatso za yoshta ziyenera kusankhidwa, kutsukidwa ndikuloledwa kukamwa kwathunthu. Kenaka chipatsocho chimafalikira pa zikopa ndipo chimakhala pamalo opuma bwino, otetezedwa ku dzuwa lowala kwambiri. Kutseka nthawi kumadalira nyengo ya kutentha, kawirikawiri njirayo imakhala masiku angapo.
Zipatso zouma sayenera kukhala zowonongeka kwathunthu: chizindikiro chokonzekera ndi kupeza kwa elasticity ndi zipatso - zimapindika mosavuta, madzi samachokera kwa iwo, koma zipatso siziyenera kusweka m'manja. 
Mukhoza kuyanika yoshtu mu uvuni, kutenthetsa mpaka 50-60 ° C. Izi ndizochitika mwamsanga, zimatengera maola 10-12, koma chikhalidwe cha chipatsocho chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ndi nthawi zonse. Ngati zipatso zamtundu uliwonse zimayamba kuchepa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zofanana ndi zimbudzi, kutentha kumayenera kuchepetsedwa mwamsanga.
Pambuyo kuyanika, yoshta imayikidwa mitsuko ya galasi, mapepala kapena nsalu ndipo imasungidwa pamalo ouma ndipo nthawi zina imawomba. Ngati teknoloji yosungirako ikuwonetsedwa, yoshta yowuma imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka ziwiri (komabe, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito masitima isanayambe nyengo yotsatira.
Yoshta wozizira
Kusungunuka ndi njira yachiwiri, yosakondera kwambiri yokonzekera yoshta. Kupititsa patsogolo zonse zopindulitsa za njirayi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi zipatso zatsopano.
Phunzirani momwe mungasankhire maapulo, strawberries, nandolo zobiriwira, blueberries, maungu a dzinja.
Zipatso komanso kuyanika, kusankhidwa, kuchapa ndi zouma bwino. Zipatso mumodzi wosanjikizidwa zimayikidwa pa pallets wapatali ndikuyikidwa mufiriji chifukwa chozizira kwambiri. Pambuyo pa tsiku, amatha kuika m'matumba apadera aufriji kapena magalasi ndi kusungidwa mufiriji mpaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito (nthawi yonse yozizira ndi nyengo yotsatira, zipatsozo zimapitirizabe kukoma ndi zopindulitsa).
Ndikofunikira! Ndizosatheka kubwezeretsanso zipatso zowonongeka: chinyezi chimayamba kuchoka kwa iwo, mankhwalawa amasiya kukoma kwake ndi makhalidwe abwino ndipo amakhala ngati chigoba chofewa. Pofuna kupeŵa zoterezi, yoshtu iyenera kuikidwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, komabe, kuzizira koyenera sikulola kuti zipatso zikhale pamodzi, ndipo chiwerengero cha zipatso zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zingathe kuchotsedwa kufiriji.Njira yachiwiri yozizira imaphatikizapo kutsanulira zipatso zotsuka ndi zouma ndi shuga. Pankhaniyi, yoshtu ikhoza kukhala yowonongeka mwa kudzaza chidebecho ndi zipatso. Njirayi ikuwoneka yosagwira ntchito, chifukwa imachepetsa njira zogwiritsira ntchito zipatso za thawed - mukhoza kupanga zokoma kuchokera kwa izo, koma simungazionjezere monga chogwiritsira ntchito monga mbale monga msuzi wa nyama.
Contraindications ndi kuwononga yoshty
Yoshta ali ndi katundu wothandiza kwambiri, koma palinso zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipatsozi.
Pali anthu omwe amadwala vitamini C. Popeza pali acorbic acid ambiri mu yoshte, anthuwa ayenera kuchepetsa ntchito yawo. Kusasamvana kwa munthu wina ndi jamu kapena black currant ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika kuti thupi lanu lidzatenganso yoshtu kwambiri.
Chizoloŵezi cha thrombosis ndi kutsutsana kwa nkhanza za yoshta.
Madokotala samalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito yoshtu (monga currants) ya chilombo, chapamimba chilonda ndi zilonda za duodenal, gastritis ndi mavuto ena a m'mimba - izi zingachititse kukhumudwa.
Mosamala kwa Yoshte, makamaka mu mawonekedwe (madzi atsopano), ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa amayi pa nthawi ya mimba. 
Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito yoshta kungabweretse phindu komanso kuvulaza. Ngakhale kukhala munthu wathanzi, nthawi zonse ayenera kukumbukira mawu anzeru okhudza mankhwala mu supuni ndi poizoni mu chikho.
Onetsetsani chiyeso - ndipo chidzakupulumutsani ku mavuto ndi matenda!
