Rhododendron sizomwe zimakhala zobiriwira pakati pa nyengo za chilimwe m'dziko lathu, makamaka kumpoto kwake. Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi ndi chakuti ngakhale kuti kukongola kwake ndi kukongola kwake, zimatengedwa kuti ndi zitsamba zopanda nzeru zomwe zimafunikira kusamalidwa nthawi zonse ndi chisamaliro chapadera, kupatula, ndi chomera chokonda kutentha, ndipo chimakana kukula m'madera ozizira. Kodi zili choncho? M'nkhani yathu tidzakambirana: kodi kulima kwa rhododendron kumasiyana bwanji ndi mitundu ina; funsani ngati n'zotheka kukula chitsamba ichi mumadera ozizira, mwachitsanzo, ku Siberia; ndipo mupeze tsatanetsatane wa kubzala ndi kusamalira chomera ichi kuchokera ku zithunzi ndi ndemanga za olima wamaluwa.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Rhododendron ndi shrub (nthawizina mtengo) wa banja la Heather. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 600 ya zomera. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kotereku, zimakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa ndondomeko imodzi ya botanical yofanana ndi mitundu yonse, yomwe ikugwirizana ndi onse oimira. Masamba a shrub iyi amasiyana ndi maonekedwe awo ndi kukula kwake malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mdima wobiriwira, kamodzi kamene kamakhala kofiira komanso kamodzi ka ovini, kamene kamakhala ndi mavoti. Iwo akhoza kukhala amodzi-ndi zaka ziwiri, ndi nthawi yayitali.
Onani malo otchuka kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira yotchedwa rhododendron mitundu.Maluwa - mwayi wapatali wa tchire - ukhoza kukhala wofiira kuchokera ku pinki wofiira wofiira kukhala wofiira wofiira ndi wofiirira. Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mabelu ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu akuluakulu. Zachitika pazogonana.
Mabokosi a masamba asanu omwe amabala zipatso amanyamula ntchito ya zipatso za zitsambazi. Mkati mwa iwo muli mbewu 0,5 mm mpaka 2 mm m'litali. Zitsambazi zimatha kukula yekha kapena magulu. Khalani pang'onopang'ono, muchuluke ndi mbewu, cuttings, magawano kapena nthambi. 
Zima-zolimba mitundu ndi mitundu
Chinsinsi cha kulima bwino rhododendron ndizo kusankha chisanu chosagwira mitundu ndi mitundu.
Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu ya rhododendron yomwe imatha kufika mamita 30 mu msinkhu ndikukhala zaka 100.Zili zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kusamalira ngakhale zomera zomwe zabzala ku Siberia. Zima-mitundu yolimba imaphatikizapo:
- Daurian rhododendron. Mitunduyi imakhala yozizira kwambiri ndipo imatha "kupirira" kutentha mpaka -34 ° C. Amakula mamita 1 mu msinkhu. Lili ndi masamba obirira oblong ndipo limamasula kawiri pachaka: kumayambiriro kwa masika, masamba asanakhalepo mu August-September. Maluwa amapanga lalikulu, zoyera, pinki kapena zofiirira. Ndi isanayambike ozizira nyengo kwathunthu akutsikira masamba.
- Rhododendron Ledebour. Chitsambachi chikhoza kufika kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1.8 mamita mu msinkhu. Chidziwitso chake ndicho kukhala ndi masamba ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Mitundu imeneyi imamasula inflorescences lilac pakati pa April ndi May.
- Rhododendron Schlippenbach. Mitengo imeneyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Amamasula mu May ndi zokongola, zazikulu, zaplorescences za mtundu wofewa wofiira. Chitsamba chomwecho chimakula mpaka mamita 1-1.2, chimapanga masamba a mdima wobiriwira, womwe mu autumn umakhala wofiira wofiira ndi wofiira.
Mukudziwa? Anthu achigiriki akale ankatulutsa uchi kuchokera ku rhododendron mungu, womwe unali ndi laxative ndiponso zotsatira za hallucinogenic. M'masiku amenewo, uchi umenewu unali wotchuka kwambiri.
Zizindikiro za kukula
Tsopano tiyeni tipeze zomwe ziripo pamene tikukula rhododendron mu munda ku Siberia.
Mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe
Posankha mitundu yolima kulima, nthawi zonse muyenera kulingalira za nyengo ya dera lanu - ziyenera kufanana ndi zizoloŵezi zomwe zimakhalapo pakumera kwa mbeu ngati momwe zingathere.
Malo okongola kwambiri a m'makontinenti a m'dera lamkati la Siberia ndi ofunika kwambiri popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosazira yomwe ili pamwambapa, ngakhale kuti chomerachi chimaonedwa kuti chimakonda kwambiri kutentha. 
Mtundu wa dothi
Rhododendron baka amakonda kukula mu nthaka yonyansa ndi mkulu acidity. Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yofunika, yikani peat wothira mchenga, makungwa a pinini ndi singano.
Pofuna kuteteza mizu ya zitsamba kuti zisawonongeke, madzi akumwa pansi pa masentimita 20, adzakhala chofunika kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kubzala mu kugwa sikofunikira, chifukwa chomeracho sichidzakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kuti mizu ikhale yolimba, yong'onongeka ndi yokhazikika kukumana ndi chisanu cha chisanu. Pali chiopsezo chachikulu kuti chitsamba sichitha mizu ndikufa.
Kubzala rhododendron ku Siberia
Njira yolima rhododendron, kuyisamalira ndi kubalana kwa chitsamba ichi mu mkhalidwe wa nyengo ya Siberia imakhala ndi miyeso yomwe tidzakambirana tsopano.
Nthawi
Kwa kubzala mitundu yozizira yomwe ili pamwambayi ndi yabwino masika. Zili masika kuti zitsulo zonse zazomerazi zilowetsedwe, zomwe zidzamulolera kusuntha njirayi popanda zotsatira zowopsya ndikuzika mizu pamalo atsopano. Ngati chitsamba chanu chatseka mizu, chikhoza kubzalidwa mtsogolo.
Monga rhododendron, banja la nthenga limaphatikizapo nthenga, azalea, wild rosemary, mtengo wa sitiroberi, Erica.
Malamulo osankha mbewu
Posankha choyala choyenera muyenera kuganizira izi:
- Zizindikiro za kunja kwa thanzi. Izi zikutanthauza mtundu wobiriwira wa masamba, popanda mabala achikasu ndi achikasu ndi mawanga, komanso mphamvu ndi kukomoka kwa nthambi ndi mphukira za chitsamba.
- Zing'onozing'ono za chitsamba. Ndi bwino ngati ili mu maluwa.
- Kukhalapo kwa mphika. Ndi bwino kugula rhododendron ndi mizu yotetezedwa. Ngati mizu yaying'ono ya ndodo yomwe imachokera kumbuyo kwa mphika, imatanthawuza kuti inakulira maluwa ena ozungulira maluwa ndipo siinayambe kugulitsidwa musanagulitsidwe.
- Chiwerengero cha masamba. Ayenera kukula kwambiri, ataphimba pafupifupi nkhope yonse ya nthambi, kupanga korona wokongola. Masamba amtunduwu amasonyeza kuti zobiriwira zimagwa, choncho zomera zimakhala zofooka.
Sewero ndi zamakono
Rhododendron ndi yabwino kwambiri kudyedwa kudera lamdima, kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi mphepo zamphamvu. Gombe lolowera limakumba pafupifupi theka la mamita akuya mpaka 70 cm.
Ndikofunikira! Kuphatikizira kumayenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri kuti usagone pamtunda wa chitsamba. Izi zingachititse kuwonongeka ndi kufa kwa mbeu.Musaiwale kuti pofuna kupewa kupewa kuvunda, mbande siziyenera kulowera pansi, chifukwa chomera chimakhala ndi mizu yokha. Mwamsanga mutabzala, tchire tiyenera kutsanulira ndi madzi ndi mulch.
Nkhono za Conifer kapena makungwa a pinini zabwino kwambiri. Njirayi idzagwira ntchito monga cholepheretsa kusungunuka kwa chinyontho chofunika kwambiri, kuteteza mizu kuchokera kutentha m'chilimwe komanso kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira, komanso kuthandizira kufunika kwa acidity m'nthaka. 
Malamulo osamalira
Pambuyo pobzala bwino mitengo yamtengo wapatali ku Siberia kuti kukula kwawo kukhale kochepa kwambiri.
Kuthirira
Rhododendrons ndi m'malo chinyezi wokonda zomera ndipo makamaka amafunika madzi okwanira pa maluwa ndi budding. Ndipo ndithudi, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa nthawi ya kutentha ndi chilala.
Kupaka pamwamba
Patapita zaka zingapo mutabzala, rhododendrons safuna feteleza yowonjezera. Monga chovala chapamwamba ndi kuyambira kwa nyengo yokula, mungathe kulima nthaka ndi yofooka yankho la citric kapena oxalic acid. 
Kwa akuluakulu zomera, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa maluwa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ammonium nitrate, urea, superphosphate, potaziyamu sulphate mu otsika kwambiri. Kudyetsa kumachitika kangapo pa nyengo: nthawi yoyamba mu March ndi yotsiriza pakati pa chilimwe.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza omwe ali ndi klorini ndi laimu, komanso kavalo, nkhumba kapena nkhuku ngati feteleza a Rhododendron, chifukwa akuphwanya acidity ya nthaka.
Kusamalira dothi
Nthaŵi zambiri nthaka pansi pa tchire imamasulidwa ndipo siinakumbidwe. Ndizokwanira kwambiri kuthirira madzi, kusungunuka kwa masentimita osachepera 5 ndikudyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zomera zanu zisangalale ndi thanzi lanu komanso maluwa ambiri.
Kudulira
Kudulira, ngati kuli koyenera, gwiritsani ntchito zochepa kwambiri, zothandizira. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani kuyamba kwa kasupe, ndiko kuti mwezi wa March. Kawirikawiri, popanga mawonekedwe a chitsamba ndi kudulira nthambi "zowonjezereka" kuchokera ku rhododendron, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito molakwa. 
Malamulo a chisanu
Ngati Siberia ndi malo omwe tchire lanu limakula, ndibwino kuti tipeze momwe tingawatetezere ku chimfine m'nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisanu (ndiyo, tikulangiza kuti abzalidwe m'dera lino) palibe chofunika kuti chomera ichi chikhale ndi zochitika zapadera m'nyengo yozizira.
Kodi mungathe kuphimba masamba osagwa a basal khosi. Izi zikwanira kuti chomeracho chisasunthike ndi kufa m'nyengo yachisanu. 
Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi ndikuphunziranso zochitika zonse za ulimi wa rhododendron ku Siberia, zimakhala zomveka kuti palibe chovuta ndipo, ngakhale choposa, sichitheka - chinthu chachikulu ndicho kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisanu ndipo iwe udzakhala mwini wa zitsamba zokongola kwambiri ndi maluwa aakulu, owala, onunkhira.
