Mitundu yodabwitsa ndi mitundu ya ipomoea

M'minda, m'mapaki ndi wamaluwa, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuona mipanda, gazebos ndi makoma a nyumba okhala ndi liana zobiriwira, zowala kwambiri, zofanana ndi zolembera zazing'ono. Iyi ndiyo ipomoea, mwanjira ina, nsaluyi mwina ndi imodzi mwa mipesa yamunda wamba. Tsopano pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana asanu ya zomera, zomwe pafupifupi 25 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa.

Ngakhale ipomoea imachokera ku madera otentha ndi madera otentha padziko lapansi, ndi odzichepetsa ndipo imatha kukula mu nyengo yonse. Ipomoea imafalikira kuyambira July mpaka October. Maluwa amatseguka m'mawa, nthawi zambiri pakati pa oyamba, choncho mitundu ina imatcha ulemerero wa m'mawa - m'mawa. Maluwawo amatseguka mpaka madzulo, mtundu wawo ndi wabuluu, woyera, wofiirira, pinki, mdima wamdima, wofiira, ukhoza kukhala wobiriwira, nthawi zina amasintha masana. Olima munda amakhala akukhala ndi maonekedwe atsopano ndi mitundu ya Ipomoea, kubweretsa mitundu yatsopano.

Zamkatimu:

• Cairo
• Purple
• Tricolor
• Neil
• Makhalidwe a Ivy
• Mdima wonyezimira
• Batata
• Mwezi ukufalikira

Kvamoklit

Ipomoea kvamoklit (Quamoclit) tsopano yaikidwa mu subgenus yapadera. Ichi ndi liana chaka chimodzi, choyamba kuchokera ku mataiko a ku America. Dzina lakuti kvamoklit lakhala likufanana ndi Ipomoea ndipo linagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa mtundu wotere wa convolvulata ndi asayansi ambiri. Kvamoklit ndi imodzi mwa liana zokongola kwambiri, imakula kutalika mamita asanu 5. Imajambula masamba akuluakulu ndi maluwa owala osiyana siyana.

Mapuloteni amatha kusangalatsa osati flowerbed, komanso summerhouse: actinidia, amur mphesa, wisteria, petilated hydrangea, girlish mphesa, honeysuckle, clematis, kukwera chingwe.

Mitundu iyi ya ipomei ikuphatikizapo mitundu yotsatirayi:

• Kvamoklit Kuphedwa (Kadinali Ipomoea) ndi liana ya chaka chimodzi ikuchokera ku Central ndi South America. Akukula moyenerera mamita limodzi ndi theka. Ili ndi masamba obiriwira omwe amakhala aakulu mpaka masentimita 7. Amamera kuyambira July mpaka m'mawa, maluwawo ndi ofiira ofiira (ofanana ndi mtundu wa cardinal).


Ndikofunikira! Pakubweretsa kamoklit wakupha, ayenera kuganizira kuti mitundu iyi imabzala mbewu zokha.

• Kvamoklit (cypress liana). Dzina lachiwiri limachokera ku kufanana kwina kwa masamba ndi nsale ya cypress. Izi ipomoea zinachokera ku South ndi Central America mu 1629. Imamera, imakula mofulumira, imatha kutalika mamita asanu 5. Masamba ali otseguka, obiriwira, maluwawo ndi ochepa, osachepera masentimita atatu, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ooneka ngati nyenyezi atatsegulidwa. Kuphuka kuyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka September. Mtundu waukulu wa duwa ndi carmine wofiira, koma ndi woyera kapena pinki. Pansi pa dzina lakuti "Twinkling Stars" zogulitsa mungapeze mbewu yosakaniza ya zomera za mithunzi zitatu izi.

• Kvamoklit moto wofiira (nyenyezi ya kukongola) imatuluka kuchokera m'mphepete imodzimodziyo monga yam'mbuyo. Zimasiyana ndi omwe amatsogoleredwa nawo m'masamba onse. Tsinde ndi lochepa kwambiri, limatambasulidwa kufika mamita atatu. Maluwawo ndi ochepa, mwezi umodzi mu June - July. Maluwawa ndi ofiira ndi chikasu, mpaka 1 masentimita awiri. Mwamwayi, kumapeto kwa mwezi wa August, mbeu zitatha, mapesi a kamoklit akuwuma, mpesa ukutaya kukongola kwake konse. Pachifukwa ichi, ivyombo zoyaka moto zanga ndizoyenera. Lili ndi masamba okongola, maluwa ndi aakulu, ndi nthawi yosungirako zokongoletsa nthawi yaitali.

• Kvamoklit (Mbendera ya Spanish kapena njala yotchedwa convolvulus) adalima kuyambira 1841 ndipo anafika kuchokera kumwera kwa Mexico. Zimayambira mu creeper yofiira, kupotoza, kukula mpaka mamita atatu. Masambawa amawonekedwe a mtima, otsekedwa atatu. Maluwa okongoletsera zofiira, mpaka mamita atatu masentimita, amasonkhanitsidwa m'kati mwake, yomwe imatalika kufika masentimita 40. Kuthetsa, maluwawo amasintha mitundu: kuchokera ku bofiira mpaka ku lalanje, komanso kutseguka, kuwala kofiira kapena koyera. Amamasula kuchokera ku August ndipo kawirikawiri isanafike chisanu.

Cairo

Ipomoea Cairo (Ipomoea cairica) poyamba inakula m'madera otsika a Asia, Africa ndi Australia. Mphukira ya mitundu iyi ya chiwombankhanga chakummawa mpaka mamita asanu ndi asanu. Timayambira ndi yosalala, yozungulira, yobiriwira, mizu ya tuberiform. Masambawo akuzungulira, osokonezeka kwambiri. Maluwa ndi ofiira, ofiira, oyera, ofiirira kapena a lilac, mpaka masentimita 6 m'mimba mwake, amasonkhanitsidwa mzidutswa zingapo pafupipafupi. Liana imakula bwino, ndipo pa mphukira chabe maluwa ambiri amwazikana, imatembenuza chomera kukhala maluwa. Amamasula kwa miyezi itatu - kuyambira July mpaka September. Mu kugwa, tubers ikhoza kukumbidwa ndi kusungidwa mpaka nyengo yotsatira pamadzimadzi kapena matanki ndi gawo lotayirira.

Dzidziwenso ndi malamulo okulitsa zilankhulo zina za chiwembu chanu: tunbergia, kampsis, kobei, pea lokoma, nyamakazi yamakono, kaletegy terry.

Purple

Ipomoea purpurea (Ipomoea purpurea) imachokera ku zozizira ku South America. Ichi ndi chomera chosatha. Purple Ipomoea ikhoza kukula mpaka mamita 8, masamba ake ndi kutsamba posachedwa. Masamba ali ozungulira, otengera mtima, pa petiole. Tsinde ndi masamba posakhalitsa pubescent. Maluwa ofiira a pomo, pafupifupi masentimita 7 mu kukula, amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu. Poyamba, iwo anali ofiirira, koma tsopano kuyesetsa kwa obereketsa kungakhale kofiira, pinki komanso ngakhale mdima wonyezimira, koma nthawi zonse amakhala ndi white corolla. Maluwa amayamba mu Julayi ndikupitirira mpaka yoyamba yophukira chisanu. Pa nyengo yabwino, masamba amatseguka m'mawa kwambiri, koma pafupi masanasana, mitambo, masambawo amakhala otseguka nthawi yaitali. Popeza kuti ipomoeayi idalimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 17, ndipo nthawi yonseyi idakhala yokongola kwa wamaluwa, obereketsa anagwira bwino ntchitoyi: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yake ndi yaikulu, ndipo chaka chilichonse zatsopano zimapezeka. Maphunziro ake amadziwika kwambiri:

• Star Scarlet - Maluwa a Cherry ndi oyera m'mphepete, pachimake kwambiri;
• Scarlett O'Hara - maluwa ndi ofiira;
• Agogo Otts - maluwa okongola wofiirira;
• Kutuluka kwa dzuwa kumakhala - maluwa okongola;
• Njira ya Milky - maluwa ndi oyera ndi pinki mikwingwirima;
• Patukani umunthu - maluwa okongola;
• Caprice - Maluwa okongola wofiira;
• Kniola wakuda knight - mdima maroon maluwa ndi pinki m'munsi.

Tricolor

Ipomoea tricolor (Ipomoea tricolor) imatuluka m'nkhalango za America. Ndiwo mpesa wokwera womwe uli ndi nthambi zamaluwa zomwe zimapitirira kutalika kwa mamita 4.5-5m. Masamba odzaza masamba, aakulu, ozungulira, okhala ndi mtima, opangidwa ndi mtima, okhala ndi petioles. Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita 10 mpaka masentimita khumi, amasonkhanitsidwa kuchitako kwa zidutswa zingapo. Zili ndi buluu ndi mkamwa yoyera kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, zomwe zimakhala tsiku limodzi pa maluwa onse, kukhala ofiira-pinki pamapeto. Maluwa amatseguka m'mawa ndi kutsegulira mpaka masana (mu mitundu ina mpaka madzulo), pa tsiku lachizunguliro amatha kuwululidwa tsiku lonse. Popeza ipomoea tricolor imalimidwa kuyambira 1830, obereketsa amatha kutulutsa zambiri zosangalatsa za subspecies ndi mitundu. Zotsatirazi tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

• Nyenyezi ya Buluu - maluwa odzaza buluu ndi woyera;
• Nyengo yachisanu;
• Zida zopuma - maluwa ali ndi buluu lowala ndi mawanga oyera akuchokera m'mphepete mpaka pakati;
• Mabelu achikwati;
• Mapeyala a Pearly - maluŵa oyera amtundu woyera pakati;
• Mdima wonyezimira - maluwa a mdima wonyezimira kapena wofiirira, woyera ndi wachikasu;
• Mdima wa buluu umalimbikitsidwa - imakhala ndi maluwa ambiri, ndipo mitunduyo ndi yolemera;
• Utawaleza ukuwala;
• Skylark.

Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu yambiri ya Ipomoea, mu mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapezeka, makamaka tsambalo. 100 mg ya mbewu mpaka 35 mcg ya ergin ndi 15 mg ya zochokera zake, zonsezi ndi alkaloids LSD ndipo ziri zofanana ndi zotsatira zake kwa iwo, ngakhale ziri zofooka. Amwenye achimereka a ku Amerika amagwiritsa ntchito mbewu za ipomoea m'makhalidwe awo.

Neil

Ipomoea Nile (Ipomoea nil) imachoka ku madera otentha a ku Asia. Mbewu yathu yosatha imakula ngati chaka. Zimayambira pa convolvula ichi zikukula mofulumira, kukula mpaka mamita 3, nthambi yaikulu. Masamba ndi ovunda kapena amawonekedwe a mtima, pazitali zimayambira. Maluwa amatha kufika 10 masentimita awiri, wofiira, wofiirira, wabuluu, wotumbululuka buluu, pinki ndi woyera pakati. Bud blooms tsiku lina, imatseguka m'mawa kwambiri ndipo imatseguka mpaka masana. Amamera kuyambira July mpaka m'mawa. Mpesa uwu wakhala ukulimidwa kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri. Sitikudziwika kuti ndi liti pamene linayambika, koma m'zaka za zana la VIII ya mphindi ya ulemerero wa Nile ija ku Japan, poyamba monga chitsamba cha mankhwala. Ndipo kuchokera pachiyambi cha zaka zana ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazi, izi zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri kumeneko. Anali a ku Japan amene adathandizira kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha mitundu iyi chisinthe. Mmodzi wa iwo amasiyana ndi kukula, mtunda ndi mtundu wa masamba, nthawi ya maluwa ndi chisamaliro. Mitengo yapadera kwambiri yoyenera nyengo yathu:

• Choyambirira Choyitana Mixed Grade Series;
• Serenade;
• Chokoleti;
• Kuitana kwa m'mawa.

Makhalidwe a Ivy

Dziko lakale la Ipomea (Ipomea hederacea) ndi la America. Icho chimatchedwa dzina lake kufanana ndi ivy. Iyi ndi liana ya chaka chimodzi yomwe imakhala ndi mphukira ya mphepo yomwe imakula mpaka mamita atatu. Masamba a trifoliate amaloledwa ndipo amaloza. Maluwa amatha kufika masentimita asanu ndi awiri, ambiri amakhala a buluu ndi oyera edging, koma palinso ofiira, pinki kapena burgundy. Zimatuluka kuchokera pakati pa chilimwe kumapeto kwa autumn. Maluwawo amatseguka m'mawa, amafota masana, ndipo m'mawa mwake maluwa atsopano adzaphuka.

Ipomoea Ipomoea chikhalidwe chosudzulidwa kuyambira pachiyambi cha XVII, osati wamba. Mitengo ya maluwa inamangidwa mumaluwa omwe ndi aakulu, buluu kapena mdima wonyezimira wofiira kapena woyera. Zosiyanasiyana za Roman Candy zinalandira motley, zobiriwira ndi zoyera masamba, chitumbuwa maluwa ndi zoyera pakati.

Mdima wonyezimira

Ipomoea Sky Blue (Ipomoea Heavenly Blue) imatanthauza mitundu ya tricolor, imachokera kumwera kwa Mexico. Amakula ngati liana pachaka, kwa chaka chimakula kufika mamita atatu.

Ndikofunikira! Ipomoea Sky buluu, makamaka zimayambira ndi mbeu, ndizoopsa.

Zimayambira ndizowoneka bwino, masamba amakhala ochepa kwambiri, owoneka ngati mtima. Maluwawo ndi okongola kwambiri: mlengalenga ndi buluu loyera, lalikulu - mpaka masentimita 10. Maluwa amayamba mu July ndipo imamasula mpaka chisanu choyamba. Ku Britain, kumene zosiyanasiyanazi zimatchuka kwambiri, zimatchedwa ulemerero wa m'mawa (chifukwa cha ulemerero wa m'mawa), chifukwa imatsegula masamba ake musanayambe mitundu ina, ndipo masana amatembenukira kumbuyo kwa dzuwa kangapo. Liana ndi wokonda kutentha ndi wachikondi, salola kuti madzi apitirire, amachulukitsa mbewu, kubzala bwino kumachita kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.

Batata

Izi ipomoea yakula padziko lonse lapansi: ku South America, China, New Zealand, Polynesia, Mediterranean ndi mayiko ambiri a ku Africa. Koma osati chifukwa chokongoletsera. Mapuloea mbatata (Ipomoea batatas) ndi chomera chamtengo wapatali chokhala ndi zotsekemera zazikulu, amatchedwanso mbatata. Mbatata ndikumera kosalekeza, zimayambira kufika mamita 30, choncho, mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana, zimayambira kuti zidulidwe nthawi zonse, masambawa ndi aakulu, ojambula kwambiri, trifoliate kapena asanu okhala ndi mapeto okongola, okongola kwambiri. Kwa nthawi yaitali, yam yakula mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa mitundu yambiri imatha kusamba, pomwe maluwa onsewo ndi ang'onoang'ono, maonekedwe oyera, a white-pink-lilac, okongola ngati apomey ambiri.

Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "mbatata" latengedwa kuchokera ku chinenero cha Arawak - Amwenye a ku South America, kumene chomeracho chimachokera.

Poyamba, yam yakula ngati mbewu, koma patapita nthawi, okongoletsera ndi wamaluwa anazindikira. Liana iyi idalimidwa mozama, mpaka 150 mm, masamba okongola, akugwedezeka pa zidutswa zautali, kukhala ndi mithunzi yambiri: kuchokera ku chikasu chobiriwira ndi chobiriwira kufiira ndi mdima wofiirira. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso masamba obiriwira pa tsamba lobiriwira. Nthawi zambiri, mitunduyi imagwirizanirana ndi mitundu ina ya Ipomoea, monga momwe imawonera pachithunzi, kuti ikhale ndi mapangidwe okongola, okongola a maluwa ndi masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mbatata zokongoletsera m'mbali zathu zimakula monga chomera cha pachaka, chofalitsidwa ndi tubers kapena cuttings. Ichi ndi chomera chokonda kutentha, kawirikawiri mbande zazing'ono zimayamba kukula mnyumba, ndiyeno zimaloledwa kumalo otseguka.

Mitundu yambiri ya zakudya ndi zokongoletsera, ndipo chakudyacho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito osati tubers, koma masamba ndi zimayambira. Mitundu ina ya mbatata imapanga utoto wachilengedwe wa timadziti, jams ndi zinthu zina.

Mwezi ukufalikira

Maluwa a Ipomoea (Ipomoea Noctiflora) amachokera kumadera otentha a America, zomera zosatha ndizo za mitundu ya mpesa yamapiri. Poyamba, mtundu umenewu unkaonekera mumtundu wina, koma tsopano umakhala pakati pa ipomoea. Mphesa yowonjezera iyi imakula mpaka mamita atatu, mphukira ikhoza kutambasula kufika mamita 6 m'litali. Masamba ali apakatikati, opangidwa ndi mtima, kutembenukira mu chala chachitatu. Amapanga chivundikiro cholimba chomwe sichilola kuwala ndi madzi. Maluwa ali ndi masamba akuluakulu mpaka masentimita 15 mu chipale chofewa, moyera, kamodzi konyezimira, kofiira, kokoma kwambiri. Maluwa amaphukira kumapeto kwa tsiku litalowa dzuwa, mphukira imayamba ndi phokoso lowala, limamasula usiku wonse, ndipo limafota m'mawa. Zimakula mofulumira, nyengo yamaluwa - kuyambira kumapeto kwa July mpaka woyamba chisanu. Amalimbikitsidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za XVIII. Popeza uwu ndi mpesa usiku, ndibwino kukongoletsa kumudzi kwa nyumba ndi malo omwe amabwera madzulo.

Amakula bwino m'nthaka iliyonse yamchere, ngakhale kuti imakonda mvula yambiri yamadzi. Kukula kumafuna thandizo. Matenda ndi tizirombo ndizosowa, amayankha kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Amafalikira monga mbewu ndi kuika. Mitundu ya mitundu yonse ya pamwambayi ikuwoneka bwino pamakoma oyandikana ndi gazebos, pawindo la mawindo ndi ma balcony, pakhomo la nyumbayo. Chomera chodabwitsa chimenechi chidzakongoletsa bwalo lililonse kapena munda.