Siberia irises (lat I. Iris sibirica) - yotsalira kwambiri ndi yothandiza kwa onse oimira mbeu imeneyi. Irises ya Siberia yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wamaluwa.
Maluwawa ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri pa zochitika za kukula ndipo amatha kukhala bwinobwino popanda chisamaliro cha mwini munda.
Nkhaniyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu za kubzala ndi kubalana kwa zomera, kuwasamalira.
Kulongosola mwachidule
Maukondewa ali ndi zambiri zambiri zokhudza iris Siberia, zithunzi zambiri zosiyana siyana za zomera ndi zosiyana siyana, koma kawirikawiri nkhanizi zili ndi zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi ndevu ndi irises ya Siberia chifukwa chofanana kwambiri. Tidzayesera kudzipangira tokha chomwe duwa ili likuyimira. 
Siberian Iris - Chomera chosatha cha udzu, tsinde lalitali kufika pa masentimita 70-110. Masamba, monga lamulo, ndi ofooka kwambiri kuposa tsinde: kutalika kwake ndi 50-80 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 4. Mu mawonekedwe awo, iwo ali ofanana, okwera pamwamba, zosavuta kwambiri kukhudza, zobiriwira zobiriwira.
Mukudziwa? Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chigiriki "iris" kumatanthauza "utawaleza".
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi maluwa osiyana - mtundu wofiirira, buluu, violet, wachikasu, red-violet, nthawi zina ukhoza kuwona maluwa a lalanje ndi a bulauni. Maluwa amodzi amatha kufika mamita masentimita awiri mpaka mamita awiri, mamita ake akunja ali ndi mawonekedwe enieni, ndipo palibe chingwe chomwe chimatchulidwa mu mbaleyo.
Crocusia, safironi, freesia, gladiolus ndi a banja la Iris.
Momwe mungasankhire zinthu zoyenera kubzala ndi kugula
Mukamagula, muyenera kuwayang'anitsitsa mosamala. zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:
- Mizu iyenera kukhala yooneka bwino komanso yosasokonezeka.
- Mbande ya iris yapamwamba iyenera kukhala ndi masamba ochepa komanso ophulika bwino pambali.
- Samalani mtundu wa masamba: zimalimbikitsa kugula delenki, masamba omwe ali olemera mdima wobiriwira mthunzi.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mizu ya mbeu imakhala yofewa, ngakhale yaying'ono kwambiri, kugula zakudya zoterozo ziyenera kusiya, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo kuti chomeracho sichidzalekerera kuika ndikufa.
Masamba a chikasu pa mbande amasonyeza kuti mizu ya mbewu yayimitsidwa kwa masiku angapo. Zitsanzo zoterezi ndizoyenera kubzala, koma m'malo mwake zimakhala zosavomerezeka kutengera matumba a cellophane, komwe amayamba kuvunda. 
Kusankha malo okhala
Maluwawa ndi a zomera zokonda kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kusankha malo otseguka ndi dzuwa lodzala, koma ayenera kukumbukira kuti ngati atabzalidwa m'madera akum'mwera, kutentha kwambiri kwa dzuwa kungathe kuwononga mbewu. Choncho, kum'mwera kuli koyenera kubzala izi maluwa mumdima wodetsedwa kumene zomera zidzawoneka m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Mukudziwa? Ku Ukraine, irises amatchedwa "pivniki" - "makoko". Dzina lakuti "Iris" linabwera ku Russia kokha kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, izi zisanayambe "iris".
Irises ya Siberia ikhoza kukhalapo ngakhale mkhalidwe wa mthunzi wandiweyani, koma maluwawo muzochitika zotere ndizosatheka kuyamba. Pansi pamtunda, pamapeto pake maluwawo adzaphuka.
Mukhoza, mopanda mantha, kuwabzala m'malo abwino, chifukwa sakuwopa mphepo ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Mitengo ya maluwa awa sinafikanso, masamba nthawi zonse amafika mpaka kumwamba, ndipo maluwa samachoka. 
Malo okonzekera
Chifukwa chodzala duwa izi zidzakwanira pafupifupi dothi lililonse. Chifukwa cha kusadzichepetsa kwa iris, komabe, ndibwino kuti tisawononge osauka kwambiri, dothi lamchere komanso lamchere kwambiri.
Zosangalatsa kwambiri za iris zidzasungira bwino madzi, zowonongeka, zisanayambe kuchitidwa nthaka ndi zowonongeka pang'ono kapena zosalowerera ndale, mwachitsanzo, zimakhala ndi mchere wambiri.
Kufika kumayenera kutsogolo ndi kukonzanso malo ake ngati pakufunikira thandizo, mwachitsanzo, 200 g wa phulusa la nkhuni ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku mita imodzi ya nthaka kuti abwezeretse nthaka ya pH. Pochita kukumba ayenera kusankha mosamala kwambiri mizu yonse ya namsongole. 
Njira yolowera mofulumira
Pakati pa flowerbeds ndi irises m'pofunika kukhala mtunda wa masentimita 60. Maluwa amenewa chaka chilichonse amamanga maluwa ambirimbiri, ndipo patatha zaka zambiri malo awo akhoza kupitirira 2 mita mamita. M. Analimbikitsa kukwera nthawi kuyambira pa theka lachiwiri la August kufikira m'ma September kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.
Ndikofunikira! M'nthawi yamasika, ndi thaws oyambirira, mizu ya irises ikhoza kufika pamwamba. Pankhaniyi, amafunikira kutseka pang'onopang'ono pansi ndikuyesera kuika.
Njira yobzala mwazinthu izi ndi izi:
- Phando limakumbidwa, lomwe liri pamodzi pa chomera chilichonse: kuya kwake kumapangidwa pa maziko a kuwerengera - kutalika kwa mizu ya mmera + 3-5 cm; m'lifupi ndi kutalika - 0.4-0.5 m.
- Mu dzenje lakubzala, mbande zimayikidwa, kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kuti ma rhizomes sagwedezeka.
- Kenaka chomeracho chimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yachonde, yaying'ono yozungulira maluwa ndi madzi.
- Dulani pansi kuzungulira tsinde la udzu, peat kapena manyowa (masentimita 3-5 masentimita).
Gwiritsani ntchito kupanga mapangidwe
Siberian Iris yapeza ntchito yaikulu pamapangidwe a malo. M'munsimu muli malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito pokongoletsa malo anu:
- Kumbuyo kwa mixborder kapena pakatikati pa chilumbachi flowerbeds. Makamaka mwa zomerazi zikuphatikiza mitundu ya Siberia ndi maluwa oyera kapena a buluu motsatira maziko a lalanje mtundu wopatsa.
- Mu zovuta za minda yovuta yamaluwa, mukhoza kulima duwa ili pamtunda umene uli pansi pa zomera zambiri pa bedi la maluwa. Kuchokera pamtunda wotere, munda wa maluwa udzawonjezera kwambiri kwa zotsatira zake.
- Ngati mukufuna kukonza gulu, lomwe lidzakhala ndi irises, muyenera kusankha mitundu kuti ikhale yogwirizana ndi mtundu komanso imafalikira pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Zooneka bwino zimaperekedwa ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana a mtundu umodzi. Pankhaniyi, zomera ndi maluwa owala kwambiri ayenera kukhala pamwamba pa ena onse.
- Chitsamba chokha cha chitsamba chidzawoneka bwino kumbuyo kwa udzu kapena khoma.
- Onetsetsani kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito chomera ichi kuti azikongoletsa dziwe. Masamba a xiphoid mawonekedwe, ofanana ndi bango, amawoneka mwachibadwa motsatira maziko a madzi.
Ozungulira oyandikana nawo a irises - awa ndi Rogers, laureate, astilbe, carnation Chinese, arabis.
Malangizo othandiza maluwa okongola
Monga tanenera kale, iris ya Siberia ndi chomera chodzichepetsa kwambiri, koma kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi kulima kwake, muyenera kumatengabe zochepa kuti musamalire maluwawo, motsogoleredwa ndi mphoto yabwino kwa mlimiyo pamene Siberia iris limamasula.
Kuthirira
Kuthira kwa ulimi osati nthawi zonse komanso ngati pakufunika thandizo, kuti asunge chinyezi chonse cha nthaka komanso nyengo zowuma. Anthu a ku Siberia saopa chilala, komabe, iwo adzachita bwino kwambiri kwa chinyezi china panthawi yokula.
Izi zidzakuthandizani kukwaniritsa malo abwino kwambiri a chinyezi ndi kuthetsa kufunika kokhala wothirira tsiku lililonse la mulch 3-5 masentimita wandiweyani, makamaka kuchokera ku udzu wouma kapena zidutswa zapaini zakugwa.
Nthawi yabwino yopanga ulimi wothirira imatengedwa ngati m'mawa (pasanathe masana) kapena madzulo, pambuyo pa 17:00. Mukamwetsa, ndibwino kuti musadye maluwa, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Chiwerengero cha chaka chomwe chinachitidwa kuvala katatu maluwa awa. Woyamba - kumayambiriro kwa masika, mothandizidwa ndi feteleza wothira mafuta, omwe amwazikana kuzungulira chitsamba. Mungagwiritse ntchito, mwachitsanzo, "Kemira-chilengedwe" mu mlingo wa 60-80 g pa maluwa. Granules iyenera kusamalidwa bwino ndi kuthandizidwa ndi wowaza m'nthaka, kuti asagwe pa mphukira zazing'ono ndipo asawononge chitukuko chawo.
Kudyetsa kachiwiri kumachitidwa panthawi ya mpangidwe wa mphukira, imapangidwa kuti ikhale yaitali ndi kukulitsa ubwino wa maluwa ndikuthandizira chomera kukhala maluwa aakulu ngati n'kotheka. Zonse ziwiri ndi zamchere (manyowa, kompositi, zowonjezera zitsamba) zinthu ziri zoyenera kutsogolo.
Nthawi yachitatu imabzala pambuyo pa maluwa - izi zimayesedwa ndi kufunikira kubwezeretsa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa. Zakudya za Potash-phosphorus ndi zotsika kwambiri za nayitrogeni mwa iwo (zedi, kwathunthu popanda izo) ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya ichi, mwachitsanzo, fupa la fupa kapena superphosphate. 
Kudulira
Onse kudulira ndi kuchotsa maluwa mapesi pambuyo pa maluwa ndi kukonzekera nyengo yozizira mwa kudula masamba. Yotsirizirayo iyenera kuyambitsidwa pokhapokha kufika kwa chisanu chofunika kwambiri, pamene njira yopanga maluwa imasiya, ndipo yoyamba chisanu imayamba kupanga masamba.
Masamba amadulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka 15, koma musamachite posachedwa, chifukwa kudulira mofulumira kumatha kufooketsa maluwa chaka chamawa. Ngati simukudziwa za nthawi yodulira - chotsani vutoli mpaka kumayambiriro kasupe, kudulira kungatheke masiku angapo musanayambe kudyetsa.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Dzina limadzitchula lokha - Siberia, lomwe limatanthawuza kuti limasinthidwa kwathunthu mpaka nyengo yathu yachisanu. Kuwonjezera pa kudulira komwe kunanenedwa pamwambapa, pokonzekera nyengo yozizira ndi kuphimba phokoso, ngati ilo lafika pamwamba, mothandizidwa ndi mulch kapena nthaka yowonjezera ya dziko lapansi, palibe zofunikira zina zofunika.
Kuwaza ndi kugawidwa kwa rhizomes
Iris ya Siberia imabereka ndi njira zamasambaMonga lamulo, achinyamata zomera obzalidwa pambuyo polekanitsidwa ndi rhizomes. Nthaŵi yoyenera ya ndondomekoyi ndiyo nthawi yotchedwa mpumulo, yomwe imafika mwezi pambuyo pa maluwa.
Kulekana kwa chitsamba cha amayi ndi kusamalidwa kungapangidwe kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa August mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn, ndi pansi pa nyengo yabwino kwambiri - mpaka masiku otsiriza a Oktoba.
Ndondomeko ya kulekanitsidwa kwa chomera cha mayi ndi iyi: nsaluyi imadulidwa ku gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a masamba ndi kuchotsa shrub pansi, kuyesera kusunga mtanda wa nthaka pa mizu. Kenaka, rhizome ndi fosholo kapena mpeni imagawidwa mofulumira ku delenki, yomwe iliyonse imayenera kukhala ndi mafanizidwe atatu kapena atatu.
Kwa irises, kuyanika kwa mizu kumaloledwa, koma ngati iko kwatha, ndi koyenera kuimitsa mpaka minofu yatsopano itangoyamba kubzala. Kuthamanga kwa mizu imeneyi kumatenga kuchokera maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo - malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka ndi mlingo wa kuyanika kwa muzu. Iris ya Siberia ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri, okonzedweratu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mmalo okongola. Kudzichepetsa kwa chilengedwe ndi chisamaliro cha chisamaliro chimapangitsa kuti akhale woyenera kwambiri kuti afike pa malo alionse. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kukonza malo - muzikhala omasuka kudzipangira nokha mbeu za duwa ili.
