Wamasamba aliyense amafuna kukhala ndi zipatso zokolola ndi zathanzi za zipatso ndi zipatso chaka chilichonse. Komabe, panjira yopindula ndi chikhumbo chofunika kwambiri mungabwere matenda kapena tizirombo. Nthawi zina muyenera kuona momwe mawanga osiyanasiyana amaonekera pa masamba a chomera. Choncho, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mabala ofiira pa masamba a red currants - chomwe ndizochiza matendawa, tiyeni timvetse pamodzi.
Kufotokozera ndi kuwonongeka kwa chithunzi
Monga lamulo, mawanga amapezeka m'chilimwe. Zitha kukhala zofiira, burgundy, zofiirira. Poyamba iwo ndi ang'ono ndipo akhoza kuwonjezeka pa kukula kwa nthawi. Nthawi zina amafanana ndi kuphulika. Zikhoza kuoneka ponseponse zofiira ndi zoyera, nthawi zambiri zofiira. 
Chodabwitsa chotero si vuto lokhalo loyendetsa chomera ndi eni ake. Monga lamulo, iye akuphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa kukoma kwa zipatso - pamtundu wowawa komanso wowawa. Ngati simumvetsera vutoli panthawiyi ndipo simungayambe kulimbana nalo, lidzafalikira kudera lonse - nthambi zonse zikhoza kukula ndi kuuma, ndipo posachedwa shrub yonse.
Mukudziwa? Currant mu Latin amatchedwa ribas. Chiyambi cha dzina ili ndi chochititsa chidwi. Anthu Aluya atagonjetsa dziko la Spain mu 711, oimira akewo sanapeze zosangalatsa zawo m'mayiko atsopano - rhubarb, zomwe Aarabu anawonjezera pafupifupi mbale zonse. Powona zipatso zofiira, kukoma kwake komwe kunawakumbutsa iwo za rhubarb, iwo anayamba kuwatcha ribas. Kotero currant inasunga dzina ili.
Zifukwa za
Pali zifukwa ziwiri za maonekedwe ofiira pa masamba a currant:
- matenda a fungal anthracnose;
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa gallic aphid.
Anthracnose
Anthracnose imakulira ndi bowa Colletotrichum orbiculare. Ziphuphu zake zimafalikira ndi zinyama, tizilombo ndi mphepo. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa afalikire ndi nyengo yofunda, nyengo yamvula, acidity kwambiri m'nthaka, ndi kusowa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous mmunda.
Imodzi mwa matenda owopsa kwambiri a currants ndi toe dzimbiri.
Chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa ndi maonekedwe ochepa a mdima wofiira ponseponse pa tsamba. Pamene matendawa akupita, mawanga amawonjezeka, amakhala ochulukirapo, ndipo amamanga malo amodzi. Tsabola la tsamba limatulutsa. 
Ndi matenda amphamvu, mawanga amatha kuwonekera pa mphukira. Kenaka ming'alu imawonekera pa iwo, imakhala yowawa, ndipo kenako chimamwalira. Nthawi zina bowa ikhoza kukhudza zipatso.
Mawonetseredwe a matendawa amapezeka m'chilimwe, kuyambira mu June. Amatha kufika pachimake chakumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Ndi zomwe matenda ofiira a currant awa amawoneka, mumakhala ndi mwayi wowona chithunzichi, ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chithandizo chake, tikambirana pansipa.
Gallic aphid
Aphid kapena mutu wofiira wa aphid ndi tizilombo toyamwa kakang'ono - 2.2-2.5 mm m'litali. Khalani ndi mtundu wosiyana - kuchokera ku chikasu mpaka bulauni. Monga mitundu yonse ya nsabwe za m'masamba, amakhala pansi pa tsamba la masamba. 
M'dzinja imayika mazira a wintering mu ming'alu ya makungwa a currant. Zamoyo zamphongo zimatuluka m'masabata oyambirira a chilimwe. Kwa nyengo, mpaka mibadwo eyiti. Mu Julayi, aphid imachokera ku currants kupita kumsongole, ndipo pofika m'dzinja imabwerera ku zitsamba zamaberi za dzira.
Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana ndi magalasi - mapangidwe a mabelters pamtunda wa tsamba la tsamba. Popeza nsabwe za m'masamba zimamwa madzi kuchokera ku tchire ndi zinthu zothandiza, pofuna kuchiza mabala, minofu yapadera imayamba kumera. Choncho, kukula kumapangidwe pamalo ovulaza.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi tizirombo tina tomwe timapanga: nsabwe za m'masamba, ophthalmia, chishango.
Choopsa kwambiri cha nsabwe za m'masamba chimapatsa achinyamata zitsamba. Mavuto abwino chifukwa cha moyo wake wathanzi ndi nyengo yotentha komanso nyengo yotentha yopanda mphepo. 
Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu yambiri ya currants - pafupifupi 150, zipatso zake zomwe zimajambula mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pa zofiira nthawi zonse, zakuda ndi zoyera za currants, m'chilengedwe palinso chikasu, lalanje, chofiirira ndi chobiriwira. Zonsezi ndi zosiyana ndi zokoma komanso zokhudzana ndi zakudya.
Nkhondo ndi chithandizo
Monga momwe zikuonekera ndi matenda ena ambiri kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kumenyedwa ndi njira zothandizira, kusamaliranso mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala a sopo). Ganizirani izi ndi zina zomwe mungachite kuti muthane ndi masamba ofiira pa currants.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi nsabwe za m'masamba
Pakati pa maphikidwe otchuka omwe amatha kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zothandiza kwambiri ndi izi:
- Kulowetsedwa kwa marigolds. Dry ndi kuwaza marigolds kuti zipangizozo zikhale pafupi ndi theka lakayi (5 malita). Thirani maluwa ndi chidebe cha madzi owiritsa otentha ndikuwasiya kuti apereke maola 48. Kenaka onjezerani 50 gramu bar ya sopo yophika zovala. Gwiritsani ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
- Kulowetsedwa kwa phwetekere ndi tomato anyezi. 2 kg wa nsonga za phwetekere kutsanulira asanu malita a madzi otentha. Pangani yankho kwa maola awiri, ndiye wiritsani kwa maola atatu. Dutsani cheesecloth. Sungunulani ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha mmodzi kapena awiri. Pulogalamu ya mankhusu imathira madzi awiri otentha, ikani maora 48. Kenaka onjezerani 2 malita a madzi ndi sopo madzi monga zomatira. Kulowetsedwa m'mwamba ndi kulowetsedwa kukhuta kusakaniza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
- Msuzi wochokera fodya. Gawo la fumbi likukamwa mu lita imodzi yamadzi ndi kuwiritsa kwa mphindi 30. Pambuyo pochotsa ku stowe yikani madzi ku buku loyambirira. Imani m'malo amdima kwa maola 24. Kenaka perekani msuzi kupyola pa gauze kuti mugwetse ndikuwonjezera sopo (supuni imodzi) kapena sopo (10-15 g). Gwiritsani ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
- Kulowetsedwa kwa sopo yophika zovala. 300-400 g sopo amatsuka mu 400 ml ya madzi. Gwiritsani ntchito kupopera mbewu kapena kupukuta masamba, kumvetsera kwambiri pansi ndi zimayambira.
- Kulowetsedwa kwa woyera mpiru ufa. Mpweya (10 g) umadzipukutidwa ndi lita imodzi ya madzi ndipo imaphatikizapo maola 48. Sokonezerani. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, tenga 200 ml ya kulowetsedwa ndi kuchepetsa ndi 800 ml ya madzi.
- Kulowetsedwa kwa tsabola wofiira. Dulani mapaundi a nyemba za tsabola ndi malo mu chidebe cha enamel. Onjezerani chidebe cha madzi ndi kuwiritsa kwa ola limodzi. Limbikirani masiku awiri kapena atatu. Kusokonekera. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ntchito 150 ml ya kulowetsedwa, kuchepetsa ndi chidebe cha madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Chithandizo ndi mankhwala ochiritsika amachitika ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena khumi osachepera kawiri. Kupopera ndi kupukuta kumachitika masiku omwe kulibe mvula komanso mphepo. Ngati nthawi ina chithandizo chitachitika, kupopera mbewu mankhwala akuchitanso.Njira zamakono zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zimagwira ntchito pokhapokha panthawi yoyamba. Ngati iwo sanawathandize kuchokera ku mawanga ofiira pamasamba, kapena ngati kuukira kwakukulu kwa aphid kumawoneka, ndiye njira yabwinoko kuposa kuchiza currant yofiira ndi njira zamagetsi, mpaka izo zinapangidwa.
Kupopera mankhwala motsutsana ndi redness
Kugonjetsedwa pang'ono ndi tizilombo towononga, biopreparations amathandiza: "Fitoverm", "Biotlin", "Agravertin". Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuti amalephera kuwononga zachilengedwe komanso amakhala otetezeka kwa anthu.
Ngati kufalikira kwakukulu kwa nsabwe za m'masamba sikungapewe, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makina. Masiku ano, mankhwala omwe amadzilimbikitsanso okha polimbana ndi tizilomboti ndi awa: Aktellik, Inta-vir, Konfidor, Calypso, Kinmiks, Aliot.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala asanakolole sikuletsedwa. Pemphani mosamala mankhwalawa, omwe amasonyeza nthawi yochepa yomwe iyenera kuchitika pakati pa mankhwala opangira ndi zipatso zokolola. 
Masamba a currant, omwe mabala a bulauni amawonekera chifukwa cha kutulutsa thupi, ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa asanayambe kusamalira zomera ndi fungicides. Ngati pali matenda amphamvu, ndi bwino kuwononga shrub.
Kuti mankhwala a anthracnose agwiritsidwe ntchito: Oxyhom, Kunyumba, Abiga-Peak, Skor, Fundazol, Ridomil Gold MT, Phindu Gold, ndi zina zotero.
Popeza bowa ndi tizilombo tingagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa, ziyenera kusinthidwa kapena kusintha. Choncho kupewa ndi kulamulira kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene mankhwala opopera mankhwala akuyenera kutsatira mosamala malangizo okhudza mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, komanso chitetezo cha thupi: thupi liyenera kutetezedwa ndi suti, maso - magalasi, mphuno ndi pakamwa - maski
Kupewa
Pofuna kupewa nsabwe za m'masamba, ntchito zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitika:
- chotsani namsongole nthawi zonse;
- khalidwe oyambirira kasupe mankhwala opopera mbewu mankhwala Bordeaux madzi (3%) kapena mankhwala ena ofanana;
- kuchita insecticidal kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pamaso Mphukira yopuma, mwachitsanzo, ndi Iskra kawiri zotsatira, prophylactin, ndi nitrafen;
- chomera pafupi ndi currant tchire katsabola, parsley, chitowe, cilantro, mpiru kuti akope tizilombo topindulitsa (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo ta golide, maso, goverlings) zomwe zimadyetsa tizirombo;
- Chomera chozungulira kuzungulira currants kumakhudza kwambiri zomera zomwe zimatha kuwopsya nsabwe za m'masamba, mwachitsanzo, chamomile, calendula, marigolds;
- kuwononga mapiri ndi kuwononga nyerere zomwe zili ndi aphid vectors;
- musanadzale ndi kubzala bwalo ndi madzi otentha (+ 80-90 °), idzapha tizilombo tizilombo titatha.
Pofuna kupewa matenda a anthracnose, muyenera:- oyambirira kasupe kupopera Bordeaux madzi, Nitrafen, mkuwa sulphate;
- musanayambe maluwa, onetsetsani kuti musakonzekere "Epin", "Zircon", "Immunocytophyte";
- bwino manyowa zitsamba, motero kukulitsa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe;
- kuchita zoyera kudulira za mphukira;
- mu kugwa, mosamala chotsani zatsalira zazomera ndikupanga kwambiri kukumba kuzungulira tsinde;
- mutatha kukolola, kutsanulira ndi Bordeaux mowa;
- panthawi yake chotsani namsongole;
- kutsika kochepa;
- sankhani mitundu yambiri ya currants yomwe ikulimbana ndi matendawa, mwachitsanzo, Victoria, Dutch red, Firstborn.
Mukudziwa? Kuti munthu akwanitse zosowa zake za tsiku ndi tsiku za ascorbic acid, ayenera kudya zidutswa 35-40 za currant yakuda.Currant ndi mabulosi okoma komanso abwino kwambiri: mothandizidwa ndi ascorbic acid, ali pafupifupi pafupifupi ofanana pakati pa zipatso ndi zipatso. Mmerawo ndi wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndipo umapereka zokolola zambiri. Komabe, mabulosiwa amatha kukhala ndi matenda ena komanso kuwononga tizilombo. Ndikofunika kuchita chithandizo cham'tsogolo nthawi ndi kuchita chithandizo cha panthaŵi yake kuti asatayike mbeu, ndipo ndithudi mabulosi onse amafesa.
