Kunyenga - maluwa, a m'banja la Acanta, ndi masamba obiriwira kapena ofiira. Alimi ambiri amakonda zomera izi chifukwa chotsutsana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga komanso kudzichepetsa kwambiri ku zikhalidwe zomwe zikukula. Kawirikawiri, chinyengo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zokongoletsera komanso kukongola kwa maiko m'mayiko otentha. Nkhaniyi ikufotokozera za chomera ichi, kulima kwake ndi kuberekanso.
Pezani "mlendo" wa otentha
Malo a maluwawo ndi madera otentha monga mayiko, India, Madagascar, Costa Rica ndi South Africa. Kunyenga - chomera chaching'ono, chakuda kapena chachitsamba, chomwe chili ndi nthambi zambiri. Masamba amatulutsa mchere waukulu kwambiri, ndipo maluwa a zomera amenewa ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri. 
Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid, omwe ali moyang'anizana, ali ndi phokoso lokhazikika kapena losalala, ndiwonekedwe lokongola - tsamba lobiriwira liri ndi mawanga ambiri, mosiyana kwambiri, osasiyana ndi mawonekedwe, nthawi zambiri pinki kapena ofiira.
The inflorescences wa zomera izi ndi theka maambulera kapena mitu. Zitsulo zamkati zimaphimba maluwa ndipo zimakula pamodzi ndi iwo ngati mawonekedwe, pamunsi pake zomwe zimachokera ku maluwa 1 mpaka 3. 
Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya chomera ichi inakhazikitsidwa, makamaka kuchokera ku mitundu iwiri yokha: izi ndizo zonyansa zamagazi ndi hypoestes, zomwe zimamera ku Madagascar. Mtundu woyamba ndiwo wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kunyumba.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "Zamanyazi" limachokera ku chi Greek: "Hypo" amatanthauza "pansi", "Estia" - "nyumba". Izi zimachokera ku chikhalidwe cha chomera ichi (chikho chimakwirira chikho).
Zochita mutatha kugula
Nthawi yomweyo mutagula duwa izi nkofunika kusungika kwaokha kwa milungu iwiri, kuchotsa ku maluwa ena, kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yoonetsetsa kuti sizonyamula matenda ndi tizilombo.
Patapita milungu iwiri, chomeracho chiyenera kusunthira ku malo atsopano. Mphika wa chomera ichi sungakhale waukulu kwambiri, kuwonjezera apo, m'pofunika kusamalira pasadakhale za kukhalapo kwa madzi okwanira. Maluwa amenewa amalephera kubzala, choncho mukhoza kulima pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa dothi, popanda mantha. 
Kupanga zinthu zabwino m'nyumba
Monga mukumvetsetsa, duwa - lochokera ku madera otentha, muyenera kupanga zinthu zofanana ndi malo ake. Choyamba chofunika ndi chofunikira chofunikira cha hypoestes chidzakhala nthawi zambiri madzi okwanira ndi mkulu chinyezi.
Kuonjezerapo, kuti maluwa asawonongeke, zimakhala zofunikira kukhazikitsa njira yowunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti dzuwa silikuwoneka bwino.
Makonzedwe ndi masamba okongoletsera: adiantum, aglaonema, alokaziya, asplenium, cordilina, arrowroot, nephrolepis, perperomy, platizerium, philodendron, chlorophytum, yucca idzathandiza kukonza ngodya ya zachilengedwe zosangalatsa m'nyumbamo.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Poto ndi hypoestes imayikidwa bwino pawindo lomwe limapita kummawa kapena kumadzulo kwa dziko. Ngati mutayika kumbali yakum'mwera - chomeracho chidzafunikanso kumeta, ndipo poika mphika kumbali ya kumpoto, mumayambitsa chiyambi cha maonekedwe - masamba adzatha, ndipo zimayambira ndipo zidzatsamira pansi. 
Ngati hypoestes amaletsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti masamba ake amatha kuona. Tsiku lowala kwa duwa limeneli liyenera kukhala maola khumi, mosasamala nthawi ya chaka.
"Mlendo wochokera ku mataiko otentha" m'malo mwake amalekerera zojambula zosiyanasiyana, mphepo ndi mphepo yozizira, ndipo pansi pa zochitika izi masamba angayambe kugwa. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyike pazenera zomwe sizikuwombedwa ndi kutsegulidwa nthawi zambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Pomwe pali kusoŵa kwa dzuwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma fitolamps apadera kapena nyali za fulorosenti, zomwe zidzatsanzira mtundu wowala kwambiri.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwakukulu, kutsanzira zikhalidwe za otentha, kudzakhala kutentha 22-25 ° C. Kutentha kwakukulu kumayambitsa maluwa kutaya kutentha kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera maluwawo ndi madzi nthawi zambiri pa nyengo yotentha.
M'nyengo yozizira ya chaka, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwazungulira maluwa sikugwa pansi pa 17 ° C. Pakuyambitsa kutentha kwambiri m'zomera, timapepala timayamba kugwa, zomwe zimabweretsa imfa. 
Kusiya ndi luso
Monga tanenera kale, ndizodzichepetsa kwambiri pa maluwa, kupatulapo pang'ono peresenti. Podziwa zazing'ono izi, mumatha kukula maluwa okongola ochokera kumadera otentha, omwe kwa nthawi yayitali adzakondwera maso anu ndi alendo anu.
Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu
Mwamtheradi nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, hypoestes amafuna madzi okwanira ndi ulimi wothirira madzi ndi madontho a madzi, omwe cholinga chake ndi kutsanzira zikhalidwe za kuderali. Kuthirira kumakhala kofunika posangulutsa pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Pa nyengo yozizira ya chaka, kuthirira kumafunika pafupifupi kamodzi pa masiku 1-2. Thirani maluwa awa ndizosatheka, komabe m'pofunikira kusamala.
Ndikofunikira! Nthaŵi ndi nthawi chomeracho chimatha kupanga madzi ofunda. Izi sizikutseketsa masambawo phulusa lokha, komanso limadyetsa maluwa ndi madzi oyenera.
Ndikofunika kupopera mbewu kamodzi patsiku, ndipo kutentha kumachitika kangapo patsiku. Pachifukwa ichi, madzi osakanizidwa kapena osankhidwa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mulibe mwayi wothirira maluwa tsiku ndi tsiku, mukhoza kuika mphika mu tray yomwe dothi kapena udothi wowonjezereka waikidwa, kapena kuikamo pafupi ndi wosangalatsa. 
Kudyetsa
A hypoestes amafunika kudya nthawi zonse kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa October. Chakudya chiyenera kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza Masabata 3-4. Manyowa abwino kwambiri a maluwa amenewa ndiwo omwe ali ndi potaziyamu wochulukirapo, womwe umakhala ndi masamba obiriwira.
Musadyetse maluwa ndi kuchuluka kwa organic feteleza, popeza muli ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitha kuchepa ndi tsamba likugwa.
Mukudziwa? Kunyumba, chomerachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chophimba chophikira - nthawi zambiri chimalowa m'malo sipinachi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza ma decoctions, omwe ali oyenerera kuchiza conjunctivitis.
Kudulira
Pamene duwa lifika msinkhu wa zaka zingapo, maonekedwe ake amatha kusokonezeka. Mbali ya m'munsi ya zimayambira imawonekera, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri makhalidwe ake abwino. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze mphukira zakukhwima ndi achinyamata pafupipafupi zaka ziwiri. Pofuna kuti chitsamba chikhale ndi mitundu yambiri ya nthambi, muyenera kutsitsa mphukira zina. Kukonzekera kuti ukhale korona wokongola ndi kotheka, koma sikofunikira kwenikweni.
Mofanana ndi a hypoestes, anthu okhala m'madera otentha ndi Brugmansia, Euharis, Kallisia, Canna, Stromantus, Salineurum, Longan.
Nthawi komanso maluwa
The hypoestes akhoza pachimake pa nthawi kuyambira June mpaka December, koma njirayi ikupitiriza kwa kanthawi kochepa ndipo sichikhala ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Maluwa - aang'ono, kawirikawiri lilac mthunzi, woboola ngati mabelu. 
Pakuyenda maluwa kuzungulira maluwa zambiri zinyalala zimapangidwa, ndipo popeza chofunika kwambiri pakukula maluwawo ndi masamba, mutha kuchotsa mwalawo mwamsanga mutangowona kuti chomeracho chimafuna kuphulika. Komanso, patatha nthawiyi, mapesi a chomera amatambasula kutalika ndipo masamba amachepetsedwa m'mitengo, yomwe imakhudza maonekedwe ake.
Njira zoberekera kunyumba
Mofanana ndi maluwa ena onse, achinyengo amatha kuchepetsedwa mwa kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi kufalikira ndi zipatso m'madzi. Njira ziwirizi n'zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito kunyumba. Njirazi ndizoyenera kulumikiza duwa, ndipo alimi amaluwa amawagwiritsa ntchito mofanana.
Cuttings
Kudula kungathe kuchitika chaka chonse. Mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwake komwe mumakonzekera phesi, mumangokhala ndi makina awiri okha. Nthawi zambiri mumzuwu umapangidwa ndi chisakanizo cha makala ndi madzi kapena pa greenhouses ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi 23-25 ° C.
Malo ogulitsira amamanga mwa kuphimba cuttings ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena mtsuko. Pambuyo pochita bwino rooting, nthawi zambiri kutenga 2-3 masabata, cuttings akhoza kuikidwa mu miphika kuti patsogolo kulima.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Mbewu imafesedwa mu March mu nthaka yonyowa. Pamwamba pa nyemba ayenera kukhala mopepuka ndi dothi ndikuphimba ndi galasi kapena thumba. Mlengalenga kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha, komwe kulima kumachitika, kuyenera kukhala m'chigawo cha 15-18 ° С. Kufalitsa mpweya nthawi zonse kuli kofunika m'chipinda momwe maluŵawa amakula, motero ndibwino kuti tipeze malo oterewa kamodzi pa tsiku. Patangotha miyezi ingapo, mbewu zomwe zalimidwa zidzasanduka zomera zazikulu zomwe zakonzedwanso kuti zichitike.
Zomwe zimayambira: nthaka ndi mphika
The hypoestes amafunika nthawi zonse m'malo mwa zomera zakale ndi ana kamodzi pa zaka 2-3. Ndi zofunika kuti musamuke mu kasupe chaka chilichonse. Ndibwino kuti muzisankha mphika wophikira m'mimba mwake, waukulu pakati pa kukula kwake (nthawi zonse kuganizira kukula kwa duwa lokha), makamaka makoma ali otsika.
Kwa kuika, kuwala, kukhuthala, nthaka yosavuta kwambiri, yomwe ingapangidwe molingana ndi izi: tsamba la nthaka, peat land ndi humus, kapena mchenga pa chiwerengero cha 2: 1: 1. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumatha kugulanso m'masitolo aulimi, kumene amachedwa dzina lakuti "Sakanizani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera." Pansi pa mphikawo ayenera kukhala ndi ngalande ya madzi abwino.
Kukula, matenda ndi tizirombo
Zonyenga sizimakhudzidwa kawirikawiri ndi tizirombo ndipo sizikukhudzidwa kwathunthu ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwa tizirombo kwa iye ndi ngozi ya aphid, kangaude mite ndi mealybug. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timawonongeka ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. 
Pakati pa mavuto ena mu kulima, funso lomwe anthu amakumana nalo kawirikawiri ndilo: "Nchifukwa chiyani masamba atsekedwa pafupi ndi hypoestes?". Izi zimachitika, monga lamulo, chifukwa cha kuwala kopitirira komanso mpweya wouma kwambiri. Mmerawo ukhoza kukusonyezani kuti muwononge zinthu.
Nazi mndandanda wa zizindikiro zotere:
- Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndi kufota - nthaka imakhala yonyowa kwambiri, makamaka nyengo yozizira.
- Mphukira imatalika, mawanga pamamasamba amatha - kuwala kochepa.
- Masamba akugwa - akuwotcha kwambiri kutentha, mwinamwake kukwera kwa mpweya, kutentha kwa mpweya wotsika kwambiri, nthaka ndi youma kwambiri.
- Mawanga pa masamba amakhala ndi mthunzi wochuluka - owonjezera nayitrogeni.
- Madontho owuma a masamba - mpweya wouma.
- Pa masamba amapanga bulauni mawanga - ultraviolet kutentha.
Kotero, tikuyembekeza kuti nkhaniyi ikhale yothandiza kwa inu pakukulitsa "bwenzi" lanu kuchokera kuzitentha. Kusamala mosamala mchere wambiri komanso kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa - kutanthauza kuti, ndi kwakukulu, ndi zonse zomwe zimafunika kuti maluwawa apindule bwino.
