Mitengo ya Apple ndi mitengo yambiri ya zipatso.
Kukhala ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso kutsatira malamulo odzala kungakhale ndi zokolola zambiri.
Mitundu imasiyana mosiyana ndi kukoma ndi maonekedwe, komanso mu kulima kwawo.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Apple zosiyanasiyana Korea amatanthauza mitundu mochedwa yozizira nthawi
Korea ndi yokongola chifukwa zipatso zili ndi moyo wautali wambiri - palibe kusintha kwa kukoma akhoza kunama mpaka June, kusungidwa mu mabokosi a pepala.
Kuwongolera
Zomerazi zimafuna fruiting maapulo a pollinating a mitundu ina, yoyenera: Golden Delicious, Simirenko, Kuban kapena Idared.
Kufotokozera kwa Korea
Maonekedwe a mtengo wa apulo amakhala ndi ntchito yofunikira, iliyonse zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi makhalidwe apadera.
Mitengo ya ku Korea kukula mpaka kukula kwapakatikati.
Nthambi za m'munsizi zimapanga mbali yowongoka ndi thunthu, komanso kumtunda - mbali yolunjika.
Kutalika kwakukulu, kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a arched. Makungwa a mtengo wa mdima wamdima wakuda.
Mphukira ndi yoongoka, yandiweyani, imakhala ndi pubescence yofooka. Masamba - oval, akuwombera pamwamba, amakhala ndi mdima wobiriwira, ofewa mpaka kukhudza.
Duwa nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi sing'anga, limakhala ndi maonekedwe a saucer, mtundu ndi wofiira.
Zipatso zimakula nthawi zambiri mpaka kukula kwapakati.
Mu mawonekedwe mukukumbutseni chotupa cha oblong chosungunukakufalikira mpaka kumunsi, pali zizindikiro zomveka bwino za nthiti kuzungulira.
Chophimba cha chipatso ndi chokwera, chophwanyidwa, ndi machaputala ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, kawirikawiri oyera, nthawi zambiri osaundana.
Mtundu wa maapulo ndi wobiriwira.
Kukula pansi pa zipatso zabwino kuunikira kumatulutsa kulankhulira kwa lalanje.
Akakhwima, maapulo amapeza utoto wobiriwira ndi zonunkhira.
Thupi la chipatsocho ndi lobiriwira, yowutsa mudyo, kukoma kwake sikutheka pamene watengedwa, kapena mwinamwake zokoma. Okhwima, fungo limakhala losavuta melon amanenera. Zipatso kukula m'magulu a maapulo awiri kapena atatu.
Chithunzi
Mbiri yobereka
Mitundu imeneyi idapangidwa ndi kusakaniza mitundu iwiri. Ichokera ku zosiyanasiyana Chiwonongeko cha golidezomwe zapangidwa ndi mungu chifukwa cha kalasi Indo.
Zosiyanasiyanazi zapeza bwino, komanso kukula kwa chipatso chachikulu kuposa "makolo".
Kukula kwachilengedwe kudera
Malo okhalamo okula - Dera la North Caucasus.
Komanso zoned m'mphepete mwakummwera - Dera la Rostov, Krasnodar Territory ndi Dagestan.
Kwa kubzala m'madera amenewa komanso abwino apulo mitundu: Prima, South.
Pereka
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya apulo imatengedwa skoroplodny - imayamba kubala chipatso kale chaka chachisanu. Fruiting pachaka.
Zochita zokolola zazikuluNthaŵi zina, anthu oposa 600 akhoza kutengedwa kuchokera ku hekitala, kawirikawiri mpaka 300.
Mukhoza kuwombera kumapeto kwa September ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October.
Zipatso zimakhala zotheka mpaka June. Kugwiritsira ntchito maapulo n'kotheka mu mawonekedwe atsopano ndi osinthidwa.
Transportability ndi yabwino, khalidwe lapamwamba la kugulitsa zipatso.
Zokolola zazikulu ndizosiyana mitundu ya apulo: Antonovka mchere, Gala, Winter Zima, Papirovka, Kuibyshev, Mafuta a Apple, Mwana wamkazi Pepinchik, Antey, Lyubava, Yandykovskoe, Welsey, Stroevskoe, Sokolovskoe.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Mitundu imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri yochedwa yozizira ngati chisamaliro chaperekedwa mokwanira.
Mukamabzala, nkofunika kusankha malo abwino pa mtengo wa apulo.
Popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafuna kuti mungu uzikhala ndi mitengo ya apulo ya mitundu ina, iyenso ayenera kubzalidwa m'deralo pafupi.
Ndiye mkulu wapamwamba zokolola adzatsimikiziridwa.
Chinthu choyamba chomwe mukufuna yikani maziko a mmera. Chombo chimakumbidwa bwino kwa mwezi umodzi Musanayambe kubzala, ndikofunika kuti panthawiyi nthaka ikhale yochuluka.
Kawirikawiri dzenje limakumba mozama mpaka masentimita 60, ndi madigiri - pafupi mamita.
Kenaka, dzenje lidakonzedwa kuphatikizapo gawo la feteleza pamwamba pake, malo osanjikizidwa omwe amachoka pansi amwazika kuzungulira ponseponse.
Mungayambe kubzala mbande ndi m'dzinja, ndi m'chaka.
Komabe, nyengo imayenera kukhala yotentha nthawi zonse.
Msosi wa mtengo uyenera kukhala mutabzala masentimita angapo pamwamba pa nthaka, ndiye mizu imafalikira pamtunda ndikuwaza nthaka.
Mutabzala mmera ndi zofunika Thirani zitsuko zitatu za madziIzi zidzathandiza nthaka kukhala yoyenera kwambiri ku mizu.
MFUNDO: Ngati poyamba munasankha kudzala mtengo wa apulo, zikhalidwe zina zimamera, ndiye musamawonjezere feteleza pamwamba pa dothi kuti muteteze kuchuluka komwe kungawonongeke.
Pafupi ndi mmera muyenera kuyika khola la mtengo, kumene mtengo umamangiriridwa ndi thumba lachisanu ndi chitatu, kotero kuti sungagwedezeke pansi pa mphepo. Pamene kuzizira kumabwera, nthaka yozungulira mitengo imamera ndi humus.
Ngati sizingatheke kusamalira Korea, idyani Mtengo wa zipatso ukuoneka kuti ukuwonongeka zokolola zikuchepa.
Kusamalira kwenikweni kwa apulo ali mu kudulira kwake. Kukonzekera kudulira zosowa kuchita chaka ndi chaka.
Ngati mutatsatira lamulo ili, mtengo udzayamba kubala chipatso kale, zokolola zidzawonjezekandipo mtengo wa apulo ndi wokhazikika kwambiri.
Choyamba chocheka chiyenera kukhala m'chaka chachiwiri mutatha, nthawi isanakwane kutupa kwa impso.
Mtengo kwa nthawi yochepa mutabzala udzafunika kuthirira - mpaka nthawi zinayi m'chilimwe, zidebe zitatu kapena zinayi za mtengo umodzi wa apulo.
Kuti mtengo wa apulo ukhale wabwino komanso fruiting kuti ikhale yoperewera, chidwi choyenera chiyenera kulipidwa chovala chapamwamba cha mtengo.
Pofuna kupeŵa chikasu cha masamba ndi kukula kosauka, amafunika kuthira manyowa ndi nitrogen.
Kotero kuti chipatsocho chimapangidwa bwino, ndipo zipatso zimapeza kukoma koyenera ndi kunja kwa makhalidwe, fetereza ya phosphorus yofunikira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Amitundu ambiri a ku Korea ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu cha malo a bulauniKomabe Nthawi zambiri amadwala nkhanambo ndi powdery mildew.
Zimakhalanso kuti zowonongeka kuchokera ku nkhanambo sizikupulumutsa. Chithandizo pa nkhaniyi chikuchitika ndi kukonza mankhwala omwe amawononga causative wothandizira matendawa - Mbewu ya Venturia imasiyanasiyana.
Zinthu izi zimatchedwa fungicides. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito pofuna kupewa zolakwa.
Ndiletsedwa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala omwewo chaka ndi chaka kuti akuchiritsidwe., chifukwa matendawa amakhala osagwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa choledzera.
Mu chuma chawo sichitha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makampani, poizoni amasonkhanitsa chipatso ndipo zingakhale zoopsa kwa anthu.
Ndikofunika kuti tigwiritse ntchito kokha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera. - sprayer, kotero kuti mankhwalawo ndi ofanana komanso osagawanika pamtengo, popanda kuwonongera.
Kutaya mtengo wa apulo amafunikira nyengo popanda mphepomakamaka mwamsanga mvula itatha.
Ndikofunikira kuti munthu amene akuchiza chithandizo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoteteza.
MFUNDO: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zipatso, masamba, makungwa, nthambi zimayenera kuwonongedwa ndi moto.
Mankhwala amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polimbana ndi powdery mildew.
Mankhwala ndi zinthu zomwe zingathandize kuchiza mtengo wa matendawa ndi awa:
- 3-5% yothetsera vitriol ya buluu;
- 0,5% yankho la soda phulusa, lophatikiza ndi 0,4% la sopo la banja;
- Mankhwala "sulfide";
- Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ".
Ngati mukuwopa chitetezo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndiye mankhwala powdery mildew Njira ina ndi yoyenera - njira ya bakiteriya.
Njira imodzi ndi manyowa atsopano
Pakuti kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kuphika yankho lapadera: Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chidebe cha manyowa amatsanulira ndi madzi, amaloledwa kuima kwa masiku atatu, makamaka kuyambitsa nthawi zina.
Kenaka, njirayi imayenera kudutsa mu nsalu yowonjezera ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi (kugonana limodzi mpaka khumi).
Chida china cholimba polimbana ndi powdery mildew ndi mankhwala opangira mkaka.
Chidachi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito seramu, yomwe imadzipukutidwa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1 mpaka 10, kusakaniza mpaka yosalala.
Zotsatira zake zimapangidwa ndi nkhuni.
Komabe, si matenda okha omwe angapweteke mitengo ya apulo.
Mtengo uyenera kutetezedwa ku makoswe owopsa. - Mphuphu ndi akalulu, omwe amakonda kwambiri makungwa a apulo.
Adzathandizira izi nthambi zowonjezerekaomwe amangiriza mtengo - sungakope tizilombo.
Amitundu ambiri a ku Korea ali ndi ubwino wambiri: chisanu zosagwira, fruiting imabwera mofulumira, ndipo zokolola zimakondweretsa ndi kuchuluka.
Zipatso zili ndi kukoma kokoma ndi fungo losangalatsa, zasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo ziri zoyenera njira iliyonse yopangira.
Zopweteka ndizovuta kuteteza powdery mildew, komanso kukula kwa nkhanambo.
Onerani kanema pa momwe mungachitire maapulo kuchokera ku tizirombo kumayambiriro kwa masika.
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