Mmodzi mwa anthu omwe amaimira kwambiri zomera, pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi ndi mtedza wa Tristis.
Anthuwo anawonjezera ku mutu wake wamtundu woyera, siliva, kulira. Chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake, msondodzi umatulutsa mizu ndikukula pafupifupi. Izi zachititsa kuti mtengo ukhale ndi zizindikiro zamtengo wapatali, zokhudzana ndi nthano zambiri, nthano ndi miyambo.
Willow amadziwika kwambiri mu zamalonda ndi maonekedwe okongola.
Mtengo umadziwikanso pansi pa mayina, msondodzi, molokitnik, rakita, tal, msondodzi, mbuzi yoyera, bredina, vetla. Maina osiyanasiyana amatanthauzira mafunso. Taganizirani mbali zazikulu za kulima kozizira.
Msondodzi woyera
Mtsinje woyera ndi wamtunda (20-30m), mtengo wokongola woimira banja la Willow. Korona wokongola wa mbewuyo ikufanana ndi chihema chachikulu. Thunthu la vetla likhoza kufika mamita atatu, likhale ndi makungwa akuda, ndi ming'alu yakuya.
Banja la msondodzi limaphatikizanso ming'oma yamtundu wotere: kulira, nsalu, mbuzi, nyenyezi, yozungulira komanso tsamba lonse.
Ng'ombe zimasiyana ndi mitengo ina ndi nthambi zowonongeka zowonongeka, zobiriwira zamtundu wa azitona kapena zofiira, zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu komanso zokongoletsera. 
Kumtchire, pali mitundu 600 ya msondodzi, koma nyengo yathu ikukhala pafupifupi 100.
Mukudziwa? Pali nthano pakati pa anthu omwe msondodzi uli ndi mphamvu yokhazikitsa nthambi 700. Pankhaniyi, mtengo umatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha mtundu wambiri. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, msondodzi umaimira kukongola, mkazi wokwatiwa, msungwana wabwino wokhumudwa, chisoni, kukumbukira. Ndiwo malemba omwe amayeretsa mu tchalitchi pa Lamlungu Lamapiri, kupereka ming'oma ndi mphamvu zamatsenga kuti ateteze munthu ku zinthu zonse zoipa.
Mtsinje wa Silver ukuphulika kumapeto kwa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa May. Maluwa ake achikasu amasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescences, ofanana ndi mphete. Mu anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amatchedwa "amphaka". Pa inflorescence imodzi, maluwa osiyana-siyana amayamba pachimake: Amuna amakhala ndi zibulu ziwiri, akazi amakhala ndi pistil ndi ovary pamwamba. 
Zipatso, mofanana ndi mabokosi ndi mbewu, zimapangidwa pa "amphaka" omwe ali otupa. Mphepo imatulutsa mbewu zakuphuka ku dziko lalikulu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kufalikira kwa mtengowo kufalikire. Ngati nyemba zimagwera m'madzi, zimatha kukhala zogwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo, poyera zimatha kumera kwa kanthawi.
Nthawi ya moyo wa vela ya siliva ndi pafupifupi zaka 100. Mu chaka chimodzi, mtengo ukhoza kukula mpaka 100 cm mu msinkhu ndi 50 cm m'lifupi.
Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa pofotokozera masamba a msondodzi. Iwo ali ndi lanceolate, yopapatiza ndi motalika, mbali ya pansi ya tsamba lirilonse liri ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka imvi (kotero ndalama zowonjezera). Mbali imeneyi imapatsa msondodzi kuti ukhale wachikazi komanso wachifundo. Ngati nyengo pabwalo ili yopanda mphamvu, mtengo wobiriwira umawoneka wobiriwira, ndipo pamene mphepo imatuluka, masamba amayamba kusuntha, kutembenukira kumbali yake pansi, mtengo umakhala woyera.
Mukudziwa? Pamunsi mwa masamba a msondodzi wa siliva nthawi zambiri amaoneka madontho a madzi. Anthu amanena kuti izi ndi misozi ya msondodzi. Mfundo iyi ili ndi tanthauzo la sayansi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mtengo umakula nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi matupi a madzi, ndipo mizu yake yudzu imatenga chinyezi, chomwe chiribe nthawi ndipo sichitha kutuluka mumlengalenga mwachilengedwe, chifukwa mlengalenga pafupi ndi matupi a madzi kale ndi mvula. Pochotseratu kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi mizu, zomera zimatulutsa madontho ake kudutsa masamba.
Vetla ali ndi mizu yolimba komanso yolimba. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti msinkhu wa chitukuko ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mizu kumadalira kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa pansi: madzi oyandikana nawo, ngakhale mizu ikukula. Mizu ya ming'oma, ikukula m'malo ouma, ikhoza kutsika ndi 2-3 mamita. 
Mavuto akukula
Ngakhale kuti msondodzi woyera (wachisoni) ndi mtengo wodzichepetsa komanso wosasunthika, zina zimayenera kuwonedwa panthawi yobzala. Maonekedwe abwino kuti apange kukongola kwabwino, kowala komanso wathanzi adzawoneka.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Willow ndi wokonda kwambiri komanso wokonda kwambiri zinyama. Zinthu izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha malo obzala.
Ndi bwino kusankha malo amtunda. Malo abwino - malo pafupi ndi dziwe, nyanja kapena gombe lina. Malo oterewa ndi chitsimikizo chakuti mtengo sudzakhala wovutika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chinyezi. 
Ndikofunikira! Mtsinje waung'ono umayimirira madzi osefukira omwe samayambitsa dziwe lililonse. Koma mtengo ukhoza kufa mu chilala. Mpando uyenera kukhala wosiyana ndi kuunikira bwino. Malo okongola kwambiri kapena mthunzi wochepa. Mu msondodzi wamthunzi sukula.
Kukula nthaka
Kwa mtundu wa msondodzi wa nthaka nthawi zambiri umadzichepetsa. Mtengo umapatsa zokonda kuwala ndizapakati. Willow imakula pang'onopang'ono pa dothi la mchenga, lachinyontho komanso losabalalitsa.
Kulima malamulo
Kuyambira kubzala msondodzi, ndi bwino kuganizira mtundu wa mizu yake. Kubzala msondodzi, yomwe mizu yake imatsekedwa, ndi yoyenera nthawi iliyonse - kuyambira April mpaka October. Mitengo yokhala ndi mizu yabwino imabzalidwa kumayambiriro a masika, isanafike Mphukira, kapena kumapeto kwa autumn, masamba asagwa.
Kukhazikitsa kumeneku kumaphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatirazi:
- Dulani dzenje kuti mubzala, dontre la mitengo ya shrub liyenera kukhala 50 cm, mitengo yautali 60 masentimita. Kuzama kwa dzenje la kubzala kwa mitundu yonseyi ndi 40 cm.mphepete yam'madzi imaponyedwa mu dzenje lomwe likufanana ndi dziko lapansi.
- Ngati dothi likulemera, pansi pa dzenje liyenera kuikidwa mchenga kapena mchenga (20-30 cm) kuti ipereke madzi.
- Kuti mwachindunji kubzala msondodzi sapling ndi gawo lokonzekera kuchokera ku peat, kompositi, dothi mofanana, ndizophosh yawonjezeredwa (200 g imodzi chomera). Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dzenje ladzala liri ndi gawo lapansili ndipo sapling imayikidwa mmenemo.
- Pambuyo pake, dzenje lamadzaza, ndipo nthaka yoyandikana nayo yayendetsedwa pansi, ndikupangitsa kuti pang'onong'ono pang'onopang'ono muzimwa madzi.
- Pambuyo poyambitsa ndondomekoyi, muyenera kutsanulira zidebe ziwiri zamadzi panthaka.
- Mmera wautali umangirizidwa ku cola yomwe kale imaiwala kuti iphwasuke, ndipo itsekedwa pamalo oongoka.
Ndikofunikira! Sikofunika kudzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuku yamkuntho m'dzinja, chifukwa iwo sangakhale ndi nthawi yowonjezera kumayambiriro kwa kuzizizira kozizira, ndipo akhoza kufa nthawi yoyamba ya chisanu.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mtengo?
Msondodzi wa siliva umafuna chisamaliro chapadera pokhapokha mutakhala pa mpando watsopano. Ngakhale kuti mbewuyo ndi yodzichepetsa, musaiwale za izi m'zaka zotsatirazi:
- Malamulo akuluakulu a kusamalira msondodzi omwe adangobzalidwa posachedwa ndi kuthirira, chifukwa mtengo umakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Ndikofunika kuthirira sapling kamodzi pamlungu madzulo kapena madzulo. Kukonza ndondomekoyi pogwiritsa ntchito ndowa 2-5. Komanso, mtengo ukusowa kupopera mbewu.
- Mitsinje yaing'ono yoyera imafunika kumasula nthaka kuti ifike pa kuya kwa bayonet.
- Kuti mtengo ukhale wamtengo wapatali, m'pofunika kupanga nthaka mulching ndi peat, yomwe ili yosanjikiza iyenera kukhala 5-7 masentimita.
- Kuti apange korona yokongoletsera, vetlets amapanga "tsitsi" la mphukira yaitali ndi kudula nthambi zakufa.
- Ngati mwawona kukula kochepa kwa mbeu, imayenera kudyetsa. Monga feteleza, nitroammophoska (60-80 g / chomera) ndi yabwino kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti apange kukometsetsa, korona ya vetla mu kudula ingapangidwe ngati kafukufuku, mpira kapena rectangle.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta msondodzi woyera
Msondodzi wa siliva ndi mtengo wodzichepetsa, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndikofunikira kunyalanyaza malamulo oyang'anira. Kuwonjezera apo, mphepo iyenera kutetezedwa ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, nthawi zonse kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lake.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe timayambitsa matendawa ndi nkhuku, ntchentche ndi aphid.
Nkhumba zimatulutsa masamba amphepete ndipo zimadula mtengo wokongoletsera. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kuwonongeka kwa mphutsi, mphutsi ndi tizilombo tizilombo.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, msondodzi umathandiza kwambiri kuuluka kwa maluwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mtengowu umapulitsidwa ndi Karbofos, Kinmiks kapena Decis.
Kuti ndichotse nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimayamwa juisi zofunika kuchokera ku chomera, ndimagwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makamaka "Fufanon", "Karbofos", "Aktellik", "Akarin".
Matenda aakulu a msondodzi woyera ndi powdery mildew, nkhanambo, dzimbiri, zomwe zimachititsa necrosis wa maselo a masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Chotsani alendo oterewa osakanidwa ("Fundazol", "Raek", "Topsin", "Topaz", "Fundazim").
Makhalidwe ogwiritsira ntchito
Willow imadziwika osati ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, komanso ndi kulemera kwa ntchito zake.
Kuyambira nthawi zakale, nthambi zake zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsomba, mawu owedzera mawu anali otchuka kwambiri, omwe angatchulidwe m'nthaŵi yathu ino. Kutchuka kotereku kumachitika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa nthambi za mawu. Kuchuluka kwa madengu, mipando, mipanda ndi zinthu zina. Zitsulo za makungwa zimapangidwa ndi zida zazingwe, zingwe, burlap. 
Mwala wa kanjedza ndi mankhwala odziŵika kwambiri. Mankhwala opangira makungwa opunduka amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira chimfine, malungo, ndi makompyuta ochokera m'madzi oterewa amachepetsa kutentha thupi. Kuonjezera apo, decoction amapangidwa kuchokera makungwa a mawu, amene bwino kuyeretsa ndi kuchiritsa mabala, zilonda, zilonda ndi kuvulala kwina. 
Mukudziwa? Salicylic acid, dzina lake lomwe limachokera ku liwu lachilatini liwu loti salix, kutanthauza msondodzi, linachokera ku makungwa a mawu m'zaka za zana la 20.
Chimodzi mwa zolinga zazikulu za msondodzi ndi kuthandiza okonza kupanga mapangidwe apamwamba a malo. Willow ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa malo okongola a m'mapaki a mzinda, kukongoletsa kwa nyumba za chilimwe ndi minda. Chokongoletsera chokongoletsera chosasinthika ndi khoma la msondodzi. 
Poyamba, msondodzi ndi chomera chosadziwika. Tinazoloŵera kuti mtengo umakula pafupi ndi sitepe iliyonse ndipo nthawi zambiri samamvetsera chidwi ndi chikazi chake. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, msondodzi samapatsa munthu zokondweretsa zokhazokha, koma chitonthozo (ngati ndizopanga zipangizo) komanso thanzi, ndi funso la mankhwala a vetla.
Popeza kuti kubzala ndi kusamalira mtengo sikutanthauza ntchito yambiri ndi nthawi, chomera choterocho chimakhala chofunika kwambiri chokongoletsera cha munda ndi malo ophika.
