Mbatata, pokhala ndi zizindikiro za chilengedwe cha kukula kwake, imakhala yotengeka kwambiri ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a fungalesi, omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chochedwa kuchepa. Mankhwala apadera otchedwa "fungicides" amatchedwa kuti athetse vuto ili; Zina mwa izo zimapangidwira makamaka mbatata. Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza chimodzi mwa zida izi, zomwe zimatchedwa Shirlan ndipo zatha kale kupeza mbiri yabwino.
Chogwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ndi mawonekedwe okonzekera
Njira yaikulu yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi fluazinam; Kupatulapo, malembawa akuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kulowa mkati mwa chomera chachikulu. Mndandanda wawo umasonyezedwa mu ndondomeko yoyenera kutsogolo kwa fungicide. Mankhwala a fluazinam mu kukonzekera kwa Shirlan ndi 0,5 g / ml.
Mukudziwa? Ntchentche zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli mu zomera zinasamukira ku America kuchokera ku America pakati Zaka za m'ma 1900, zisanafike mbatata zogwira bwino komanso zopanda malire zidapangidwa ndi wamaluwa a ku Ulaya ndi wamaluwa.
Mankhwalawa amagawidwa ngati mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa, omwe ndi njira yothandizira, malinga ndi magawo ena, omwe amawoneka ngati ofewa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa mu mawonekedwe awa, musanagwiritse ntchito ndikofunikira kukonzekera njira yothetsera malingana ndi malangizo omwe akupezeka. 
Ubwino
Zina mwa ubwino wa fungicide izi zofunika kwambiri ndi izi:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikungapweteke chikhalidwe chanu, chifukwa mankhwalawa sanatchule phytotoxicity;
- poyerekeza ndi zina zotchedwa fungicides ndi njira yogwirira ntchito, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezereka pogwiritsa ntchito mlingo wochepa;
- zovuta zotsutsana ndi mankhwala amakono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ndi kupewa matenda a mbatata sanazindikire;
- ali ndi chizindikiro chabwino cha kukana madzi ndi nthawi yokwanira yogonjetsa matenda;
- kumathandiza kuimitsa sporulation, pochepetsa kuchepetsa zojambulira zoosporangi;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumachititsa kuti zoospores zisamawonongeke, mkatikati mwa zomera ndi pansi, panthawi yomwe mkangano umayendetsa pamagulu a capillaries omwe amakaika pansi, motero amapanga chotchinga kwa spores pa nthaka ndikuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wa matenda a zomera zazing'ono.
Njira yogwirira ntchito
Pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa a Shirlan pa mbatata, mphamvu yake yaikulu imalowa m'maselo ndi nthaka, kenako imayamba kulepheretsa njira za sporulation, kukula kwa apressoria, ndi chitukuko cha hyphae cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zotsatira za fungicides zidzakutsatirani pa processing processing: Ridomil Gold, Ordan, Skor, Acrobat MC, Quadris, Titus, Antrakol, Tanos, Fitosporin-M, Alirin B "," Kutchuka "," Fitolavin ".
Kukonzekera kwa njira yothetsera
Musanayambe kupeza njira yothetsera kupopera mbewu, m'pofunika kuyang'anitsitsa mphamvu ya sprayer ndi ukhondo wa nsonga, njira yothetsera mapaipi ndi thanki yomwe imayikidwa. 
Pambuyo pake, m'pofunika kudziwa kuchuluka kwa madzi, komanso ngati madzi akuphatikizapo nsonga ndi yunifolomu, ndi kuyerekezera deta yomwe imapezeka ndi chiwerengero cha ndalama zogwira ntchito pa hekita imodzi.
Mukudziwa? Chosavuta kwambiri m'zigawo za mtundu wa fungicide ndi sulfure wamba ndi zowonjezera zake, komanso salt ya zitsulo zosiyanasiyana.
Kukonzekera kwa yankho liyenera kuyamba nthawi yomweyo isanayambe. ¾ Ng'ombeyo iyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi, ndiye kuchulukidwe koyimilira kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndipo njira yowonjezera madzi ku tanki iyenera kupitilizidwa ndikusakaniza zomwe zilipo. Ndibwino kuti mupitirize kusakaniza yankho panthawi yomwe mukugwira ntchitoyo, kuti muteteze mapangidwe omwe amatha kusakaniza.
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mankhwala nthawi zingapo, muyenera kuyembekezera kutaya kwathunthu musanayambe kuwonjezera mankhwalawo. Njira yothetsera sungakhoze kusungidwa mu mawonekedwe omalikapo kuposa tsiku limodzi. 
Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Nthawi yabwino yothetsera chithandizo ndi nthawi imene nyengo imayambitsa matendawa, koma zizindikiro za matendawa sizinawonetseke. Pa nthawi yomwe zomera zowonjezera zatha kale, zimalimbikitsa kupanga ntchito yoyamba pogwiritsira ntchito zowonongeka.
Ndikofunikira! Chotsatira chabwino chidzaperekedwa ndi chithandizo chomwe chimachitika dzuwa litalowa kapena nyengo isanafike, chifukwa izi zidzathandiza kugawidwa bwino kwa mankhwala pa malo otsetsereka.
Pofuna kupeza zotsatira zabwino, ndikofunikira kusintha sprayer kuti apereke madontho ang'onoang'ono kapena apakatikati. "Shirlan", mofanana ndi fungicide ina iliyonse, ayenera kukhala ndi mlingo woyenera wothira madzi onse okwanira. Amaloledwa kuwonjezeka ndi diso pa kukula kwa tsamba pamwamba pa zomera zotere. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti yankho silinatuluke kuchoka ku masamba omwe athandizidwa, pansi, kumene kuli bwino kwake sikudzakhala kochepa.
Ambiri mitengo ya kugwiritsa ntchito Shirlan mankhwala pa mbatata ndi pafupifupi 0.3-0.4 ml pa 10 lalikulu mamita mu kuyimitsidwa mawonekedwe, kapena 200-500 ml pa 10 lalikulu mamita mu mawonekedwe a ntchito yankho.
Nthawi yachitetezo
Mphamvu yotetezera zotsatira za "Shirlan" kuchokera ku phytophthora ndi Alternaria ndi masiku 7-10 ndipo zimasiyana malingana ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popeza mbewu ndi zosiyana za chilengedwe. Kuchulukitsa mankhwala ovomerezeka amathandiza kuchepetsa kupambana komanso kuchepetsa nthawi ya chitetezo.
Kuwopsya ndi kusamala
Mankhwalawa ndi a chiwopsezo chachiwiri kwa anthu, zomwe zimawunikira kufunika kokwaniritsa zochitika za chitetezo pamene mukugwira naye ntchito. Onetsetsani kuvala chovala, chitetezo, magolovesi, ndi masikiti kapena kupuma pochita ntchito zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa.
Ndikofunikira! Kutalika kwa bukuli pambuyo popopera mankhwala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi sabata imodzi.
Ngati mutagwirizanitsa ndi khungu loyera kapena mosakanikirana, mwamsanga muzimutsuka ndi madzi otentha ozizira, ndipo ngati zizindikiro za mkwiyo zikuwonekera, funsani dokotala. 
Mankhwalawa ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa poyerekeza ndi njuchi ndi tizilombo tina, komabe, zimatha kupha nsomba, choncho pali zoletsedwa ku ntchito zawo m'madera ogulitsa nsomba ndi kuzungulira.
Kugwirizana
"Shirlan" amavomerezana bwino pamene akusakaniza mu tangi ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, monga "VDG", "MKS", "KARATE", "ZION" ndi "AKTARA", komanso "BP" ndi "REGLON SUPER". Komabe, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti musasakanizikitse ndi zokonzekera zosiyanasiyana zomwe ziri zamchere m'chilengedwe - mwachitsanzo, ndi Bordeaux kusakaniza, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala.
Musagwiritse ntchito chida ichi kuphatikizapo mankhwala ophera tizilombo tosiyanasiyana chifukwa chakuti nthawi yomwe amagwiritsira ntchito sakugwirizana. Zaletsedwa kusakaniza mankhwala osiyanasiyana mu mawonekedwe osagwirizana. Onetsetsani kuti muwonetsetse musanayambe kupanga zosakaniza kuti nthawi yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana mu chisakanizo ndi ofanana. 
Sungani moyo ndi zosungirako
Thupi liyenera kusungidwa mu mawonekedwe osatsegulidwa m'malo ouma omwe sangathe kutsegula dzuwa, kutali ndi ana ndi nyama. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa madzi kuchokera ku 0 ° C mpaka 40 ° C. Musalole kuti mankhwalawa alumikizane ndi mbale ndi malo omwe chakudya chikukonzekera. Mukhoza kusunga kwa zaka 3.
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yayankha mafunso anu onse ponena za chikhalidwe ndi ntchito ya wothandizira. Tikukhumba kuti mutenge zokolola zodabwitsa ndi zabwino kwambiri za mbatata!
