Dziko lokhala ndi makolo ndi malo otentha. Koma mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosangalatsa pazenera komanso mabedi maluwa panja, omwe amalima maluwa ambiri amawakonda. Zomera zambiri zimachita zinthu mosamala, zimakhala ndi katundu. Monga chikhalidwe chaminda chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nzika za chilimwe komanso opanga mawonekedwe a malo kupanga zokongola. Pali mitundu yambirimbiri ndi hybrids. Nkhaniyi imalongosola zotchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima maluwa.
Kufotokozera Kwa Amuna Kapena Akazi
Mitundu ya Begonia (Vegonia) ndi ya banja la Begonia. Mulinso mitundu ngati yachilengedwe yokwana chikwi chimodzi, ndipo chifukwa cha obereketsa, zowonjezera zowonjezera kawiri zidaberekedwa. Dera lomwe poyambira mbewuyo limadziwika kuti ndi West Africa. Kuchokera pamenepo idafika kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, kupita ku Indochina, South America. Asayansi awona malo angapo ogawa banja la Begoniev: Central Africa, Amazon basin and Southeast Asia. Dzinali limachokera ku dzina la wolamulira wa Haiti M. Begon, yemwe m'zaka za XVII. adapanga ulendo wokafufuza zamtunda wa Antilles. Pamaulendo awa, oyimira asanu ndi mmodzi oyamba amtundu wa anthu adadziwika. Pakadali pano, mndandanda wa mitundu ndi mitundu ya begonia uli ndi makope masauzande angapo.
Maluwa kutchera mitengo
Begonia imatha kukhala pachaka kapena osatha. Imakula ngati zitsamba, zitsamba, udzu. Zitsamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi timitengo tokhazikika. Zitsamba zimabwera ndi kachilomboka kowiririka kapena ndi ma tubers.
Zofunika! Mitundu yolimba itha kudalidwa poyera. Mitundu yotsalayo ndiyoyenera kubereka m'nyumba. Tuber begonias ali ndi drawback amodzi - ndi osalimba zimayambira.
Mizu yamphamvu kwambiri
Pakapangidwe kamtunda, ma hybrids ndiofala. Ubwino wawo:
- kunyansidwa;
- kuthekera kokula m'malo dzuwa ndi mthunzi;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa ndi masamba;
- mipata yokwanira yopanga nyimbo pamabedi a maluwa, mapiri a Alpine;
- kuthekera kokula mumipanda yamisewu, miphika.
Ochita maluwa adayamikirira mtundu wa Begonia, yemwe mitundu yake imakhala yobzala ngati nyumba. Ubwino wa duwa:
- kusowa kwa fungo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yosagwirizana;
- maluwa pachaka chonse cha mitundu ina;
- kunyalanyaza zinthu ndikuchoka.
Tcherani khutu! Chobwereza chokha cha begonia ndi kutumphuka kwake. Kutalika kwa mbewu ndi zaka 1-2. Begonias pachaka nthawi zambiri amapezeka. Chifukwa chake, alimi a maluwa amasinthidwa pafupipafupi, natengera njira zosiyanasiyana za kubereka.
Mitundu ya begonias
Mitundu yonse imakhala m'magulu angapo malinga ndi kukhalapo ndi mtundu wa tsinde:
- masamba okongoletsa. Palibe tsinde, masamba amakula kuchokera kuzizilombo zokwawa. Mitundu ya masamba a begonia, maluwa ndi ochepa, osakwaniritsidwa. Kukula kunyumba;
- chitsamba. Khalani ndi tsinde lopindika;
- kwambiri. Pali nthangala yoluma, yolimba imakula. Amakula malo otseguka chaka chonse m'malo otentha kapena amasamukira kuchipinda nthawi yachisanu.
Zosiyanasiyana za begonias pagome:
| Zithunzi zokongoletsera | Bush | Wosangalatsa |
| Royal (Rex) | Chamuyaya | Ampelic |
| Ya Mason | Kufiyira | Elatior |
| Bauer | Fuchsiform | Bolivian begonia |
| Begonia Cleopatra | Matalala | Choyera |
| Laminate | Pinki | |
| Cuff | Fimbriata | |
| Ma begonia ofiira | ||
| Adzakhala owala |
Pansipa pali mitundu yotchuka ya maluwa.
Mason Begonia amachokera ku New Guinea. Amatchedwa a M Mason, omwe adayitanitsa kuchokera ku Singapore. Ichi ndi mbewu yachizungu. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 50. Masamba ndiwofunda wamkulu, wobiriwira wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofikira mpaka masentimita 15. mawonekedwe awo osiyanitsa ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda pakati, ofanana ndi mtanda wachitsulo waku Germany.
Zambiri! Duwa limayeretsa mpweya mchipindacho kuti lisadetse zodetsa zilizonse.
Mason Begonia
Begonia Bauer - wosakanizidwa wobadwa mu 1970s ku Germany ndi R. Bauer. Kukula kwake kochepa mpaka 30 cm kumakupatsani mwayi wolimbikitsira mbewuyo pawindo laling'ono. Sichikula kuposa 8 masentimita mu petioles pubescent okhala ndi mawanga a bulauni m'mbali, atapendekeka m'mbali mwa mphikawo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti begonia iwoneke ngati yochulukirapo. Maluwa sakhala okongola ngati masamba. Ndi kuyatsa kosayenera, mtundu wa masamba amayamba kuzimiririka kapena kuda, amataya kukongoletsa.
Red begonia kuthengo imamera makamaka ku Asia ndi South America, India. Makhalidwe ake ndiwambiri, komanso maluwa opitilira. Masamba ake ndi ma petals ndi owala komanso akuluakulu mpaka 15 cm. M'mphepete mwa pamakhala nthawi zambiri pamakhala matumba. Kutalika kwamaluwa amodzi amodzi kumatenga masabata anayi. Masamba ndiwobiriwira wakuda, wopangidwa. Kutalika kwa thengo ndi pafupifupi 30 cm.
White begonia, yotchedwanso camellia, ndi yamitundu mitundu. Ndi terry yayikulu kwambiri. Chomera ndi champhamvu, kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Zomera zake ndi zokutira. Maluwa amapitilira nthawi yonse yotentha ndikugwa. Ndipo nthawi yozizira imalowa mu mpumulo.
Zambiri! Mukugwa kudula, tubers amaikidwa m'malo ozizira, obzalidwa masika.
Chikonde chachikasu chakukula. Ichi ndi msatsi waudzu wofika mpaka 50 cm. Masamba ndi okulirapo osapangika ndi ma serrations m'mphepete. Pamwamba pake ndiwosalala komanso wobiriwira wakuda, pansi pake ndi pinki. Maluwa ofikira mpaka 4 cm, omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence, okhala ndi petals yowala. Ndiwosakhazikika, ochepa pawiri komanso wamba. Chikhalidwe chake ndi maluwa omwe ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: akazi ndi amuna.
Ma inflorescence achikasu
Terry pink begonia ndi wa tuberous. Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30. Maluwawo ndi mitundu yaying'ono yapinki ya pinki. Masamba ndiwobiriwira wakuda bii.
Zambiri! Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa, malo owongolera maluwa, malo otsetsereka a m'mapiri ndi m'malire. Maluwa amachitika mu Meyi ndikupitilira mpaka kuzizira. Maluwa achikazi ang'onoang'ono kubudula.
Fimbriat begonia mu Latin imatanthawuza "fringed." Chochititsa chidwi chake ndi maluwa obiriwira ofanana ndi zikumbutso zazikulu. Mitundu yonse yamtunduwu imalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a terry inflorescence. Kukula, mawonekedwe, mtundu wa mafelesiwo zimasiyana. Itha kukhala yofiira (mwachitsanzo, mumitundu ya Scarlett), yoyera, yapinki, yofiirira, ya lalanje. Chimakonda chomera chamaluwa ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala panja chilimwe.
Spotted begonia ndi mtundu wokongoletsa komanso wopatsa chidwi. Ndi chitsamba chamadzi chotumphuka. Masamba amakhala onyezimira, osalala, osasinthika mawonekedwe: ozungulira, osasunthika, ooneka ngati mtima. Yopezeka pa petioles atali. Mbali yakumwambayi yamasamba ndi yobiriwira yakuda ndi mateyala a siliva kapena oyera, mbali yakumbuyo imakhala yofiyira. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, a inflorescence ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa pamtengo wopendekera.
Castor-leaved begonia ndi amodzi mwa mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe umapezeka kwa hogweed. Kutalika kwa chomera kumatha kufika mamita 1.5 Masamba okhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 30 cm amakutidwa ndi tsitsi la bulauni mumtundu wa asymmetrical. Mtundu wa masamba amtunduwu ndiwobiriwira komanso tint yamkuwa kapena bronze pamwamba komanso pabuka pansipa. Maluwa amatengedwa maambulera a mitundu yoyera kapena yapinki.
Castor-leaved begonia
Begonia imakhala ikutulutsa maluwa nthawi zonse, kapena chitsamba - udzu wochepa udzu. Mitundu yayikulupo siyidutsa 50 cm kutalika, ndipo ang'ono kwambiri amapanga tchire 10 cm. Mitundu yonse imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa okongoletsera. Maluwa a Terry kapena pinki yosavuta, yoyera, yofiyira, yamatalala a coral. Amphongo (amphongo anayi) kapena wamkazi (mwa miyala isanu). Masamba athunthu, obiriwira wonyezimira, amitundu. Evergreen begonia ili ndi mitundu ingapo: chisomo chachikomo (Gracilis), Lanchiana, Schmidt.
Tcherani khutu! Mwa begonias, wotchuka kwambiri ndi begonia semperflorence ndipo imamera Rose, Red, White. Zimaletseka kwambiri nyengo iliyonse.
Kutchulidwa kwapadera koyenera kukhala ndi maluwa apadera a Palomar Prince. Kuchokera pamitundu ina imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa masamba. Iwo ndi obiriwira amkuwa obiriwira. Maluwa ofiira otentha amatuluka nyengo yachisanu. Kulima Palomar Prince pawindo sikutanthauza nzeru zapadera, ndikuthekera.
Aliyense amene wazolowera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Black Velvet (Black Prince) sangasakanizike ndi mawonekedwe ake. Zozindikirika zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zakuda, pafupi ndi mapepala akuda. Iwo ndi kaboni mawonekedwe, ofanana ndi kapangidwe kake. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi apachiyambi kwambiri.
Chovala chakuda
Elator ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa ku England m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza malo. Ichi ndi pachaka pachaka komanso maluwa ambiri. Tsamba lake ndi loonda, masamba ndi ooneka ngati opendekera obiriwira pamwambapa komanso opepuka pansipa. Maluwa ofika masentimita 8 angathe kukula pachaka chonse. Mitundu yotchuka: Annabelle, Borias, Lorren, Carnival.
Chimodzi mwazomera zamitundu yambiri - Kuwala - kumakhala ndi mizu yambiri, yophukira kutalika, masamba ang'ono. Nthawi yamaluwa, masamba ambiri amapangidwa, kenako maluwa awiri, omwe amatulutsa timabowo tating'ono. Amakulidwa m'nyumba komanso m'malo.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imangodabwitsanso osati yoyambira yokha, komanso katswiri waz maluwa. Chovuta chachikulu mukulima kwawo nthawi zambiri chimakhala kusankha mitundu. Zomera zosakhazikika pafupifupi sizimabweretsa mavuto ena.
