Jamuli zosiyanasiyana "Invicta": makhalidwe, kulima agrotechnics

Jekeseni zosiyanasiyana "Invicta" amatanthauza mitundu yambiri yobala zipatso zambiri. Zosiyanasiyanazi zimaonedwa kuti ndizochikale, zomwe ndizophatikizidwa. Invicta ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa kuti ikhale mafakitale komanso kulima m'minda. Zokolola zapamwamba ndi maonekedwe a chipatso, kudzichepetsa komanso kukaniza matenda kumaphatikizapo kuvomereza kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Lero tikuphunzira momwe tingakulire mabulosi okoma komanso abwino pa tsamba lanu.

Zamkatimu:

• Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
• Shrub
• Zipatso
• Zina mwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana
• Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
• Chilala kukana ndi chisanu kukana
• Nthawi yotulutsa ndi zokolola
• Transportability
• Ntchito ya zipatso
• Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula
• Mavuto akukula
• Nthawi ndi dongosolo lofika
• Zofunikira za chisamaliro cha nyengo
• Kuthirira
• Kusamalira dothi
• Kudyetsa
• Kudulira
• Kuteteza kutentha kwa chisanu
• Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
• Jamu losiyanasiyana "Invicta": ndemanga

Mbiri yopondereza

Masiku ano, Invicta ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya jamu ku Ulaya. Mitundu imeneyi inafulidwa ku UK, komwe idagwiritsidwenso ntchito kwa kulima mafakitale.

Kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Invicta, mitundu ya Resistant (Resistenta), Winkhams (Whinhams) ndi Kipsack (Keepsaake) inadutsa, kuchokera kumene adalandira makhalidwe abwino.

Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe

Kenaka, timalingalira zazikulu za tchire ndi zipatso, komanso mitundu yonse.

Shrub

Kukula mpaka masentimita 120-160, kutambasula kwambiri, kukula kwakukulu. Zomwe zimayambira ndi zolunjika, zowonjezera makulidwe, ndi zitsamba zamphamvu, koma sizipezeka nthawi zambiri. Masamba ndi obiriwira, osaphimbidwa, osakanikirana, akuda. Mitengo ikukula mofulumira, yomwe imayenera kuganiziridwa mukamabzala.

Pezani zomwe zimaphatikizapo jamu "Beryl", "Spring", "Honey", "Krasnoslavyansky", "Consul", "Malachite", "Grushenka", "Commander", "Kolobok".

Zipatso

Imodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa mitundu yowerengedwera ndi zipatso. Amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu - pafupipafupi, kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi ndi 6-7 gm, pamene kuli kofanana ndi kukula kwa pang'ono pula. Pali zipatso zolemera kwambiri (mpaka 10-12 magalamu).

Zipatso zili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, mpaka masentimita 2.5 m'lifupi, amitundu yobiriwira patsiku la kucha kapena mtundu wa amber pa siteji ya kukula msinkhu. Nyerere ndi zotsekeka, zoonda, zophimbidwa ndi phula lapang'ono, zamkati ndi zonunkhira, zowawasa-zotsekemera.

Zipatso za jamu mitundu "Invicta" ili ndi mavitamini ambiri ndi mchere: vitamini C, A, P, gulu B, salt, potassium, magnesium, sodium, copper, calcium ndi phosphorous. Komanso mumakhala chiwerengero chachikulu cha shuga (mpaka 13%), pectins, malic ndi citric acid.

Mukudziwa? Jamu (jamu lachingerezi), "Khristu atembenuka", gulu losapsa - maina amenewa mu Chingerezi, Chijeremani ndi Chiitaliya analandira jamu. Chiyambi cha mayina awa sichinafotokozedwe ndi akatswiri a zinenero.

Zina mwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana

Pakuti mitundu yambiri ya jamu "Invicta" imadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi za chipatso ndi kukana kwa mbewu kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja.

Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo

Invicta imadziwika ndi kuwonjezereka kukana ndi powdery mildew ndi matenda ena omwe amadziwika ndi gooseberries. Komabe, ngati chikhalidwe chakumangidwa chikuphwanyidwa (mwachitsanzo, mukadzala tchire mumtunda wambiri wothira chinyezi kapena mukamanyowa chifukwa cha kuthirira mobwerezabwereza), chiopsezo cha matenda chimakula kwambiri. Komanso, alimi amadziwa kuti mankhwalawa ndi osiyana siyana.

Chilala kukana ndi chisanu kukana

Jamu ndi chomera chokonda chinyezi, koma kuphulika kwa madzi kwa icho kuli kuwononga. Choncho, pa nthawi ya chilala, kuthirira kwaufulu ndikofunikira. Kutentha kotentha "Invicta" imalekerera bwino, zimaloledwa kukula m'madera ozizira a 3-4, ndiko kuti, tchire tingakhoze kupirira kutentha mpaka -40 ° C. Kawirikawiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imadziwika ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri.

Pezani mtundu wa jamu umene uli wotchuka, umene umatchedwa kuti gooseberries amatchedwa wopanda zopanda pake.

Nthawi yotulutsa ndi zokolola

Kusamalira bwino nyengo imodzi kuchokera ku chitsamba kumatha kusonkhanitsa mpaka 7 kg ya zipatso. Fruiting ikuyamba kuchokera kumapeto khumi khumi a June - mu theka lachiwiri la July, imabala chipatso mpaka theka la mwezi wa September likuphatikizapo. Chokolola choyamba mutabzala chimachitika zaka 2-3.

Zonse ziwiri ndi zaka ziwiri zakubadwa chaka zimayambira kubala chipatso. Kukolola kwa tchire kumakhala pa msinkhu wa zaka 12-15, chifukwa chake amatchedwa long-livers.

Transportability

Ngakhale khungu losaoneka bwino, zipatso zimaloledwa bwino mu kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka zinyama Zipatsozi zimalekerera bwino ndi kuzizizira, pamene zamzitini mumtundu wonse, zimakhalabe zolimba ndipo sizimayiritsa zofewa.

Ndikofunikira! Gwiritsani ntchito kukolola zipatso. Mukasankha dzanja, onetsetsani kuvala magolovesi.

Ntchito ya zipatso

Zipatso zomwe zimatchulidwa mitundu ndizochilengedwe. Mukhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za kukula - kuchokera ku zipatso zosapsa mumapeza ma compotes abwino, jams ndi kusunga. Zipatso zowonjezera zimadyetsedwa monga mchere, zowonjezeredwa ngati kudzazidwa ku zakudya, ndi ma sauces amapangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo. Jamu angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupanga zojambula zokometsera, marmalade, marshmallow, vinyo ndi madzi.

Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa: kodi phindu la jamu ndi chiyani, bwanji kukonzekera gooseberries m'nyengo yozizira, momwe mungasamalire gooseberries, momwe mungapangire kupanikizana, kupanikizana, kupangira vinyo, jamu msuzi.

Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula

Kuti mupeze zokolola zamtengo wapatali, gulani mbande mumasitolo apadera kapena m'masitolo ogulitsa.

Mukamagula mbande ndi mizere yotseguka (osati m'mitsuko), samalirani makhalidwe ofunikira awa:

1. Muzu wautali: mpaka 15 masentimita.
2. Chiwerengero cha mizu yaikulu: 2-3 ma PC.
3. Kutalika kwa mbali zamlengalenga: 30-40 masentimita.
4. Chiwerengero cha mphukira: 1 (kwa mbande za pachaka), 2 (kwa mbande zazaka ziwiri).
5. Pa mbande sayenera kusokoneza makina.
6. Pa mphukira sayenera kukula masamba.
7. Mbande sayenera kuuma, wathanzi, pansi pa makungwa ayenera kukhala wobiriwira, wothira, mnofu watsopano.
8. Mazira a Axillary ayenera kutsekedwa.

Mukamagula mbande m'zomwe muli nazo, zaka zomwe mumabzala siziwathandiza kwambiri. Mbande muzitsulo zikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kuziika, pamene mukuyenera kusungunula nthawi zonse nthaka.

Dzidziwenso ndi malamulo odzala, kuswana, kudula gooseberries.

Posankha mbande muzitsulo, zofunikira zapamwamba ndizosiyana:

1. Mphukira iyenera kukhala ndi masamba.
2. Mphukira ayenera kufika 40-50 cm.
3. Muzu kutalika ndi masentimita 15.
4. Mbeu iyenera kukhala mu chidebe (izi zimatsimikizira kuti mizu yabwino inakhazikitsidwa), koma mizu sayenera kupyola ming'oma yomwe ili mumtsuko kapena pamwamba, monga izi zikuwonetsera nthawi yayitali kwambiri mu mphika.

Mavuto akukula

Ngati mukufuna kukula ndi gooseberries ndikupeza zokolola zambiri kuchokera ku tchire, muyenera kusankha bwino malo otsetsereka ndikupanga zovomerezeka za zomera.

Kuwonekera pa nkhaniyi sikugwira ntchito yapadera, popeza Invicta amatha kukula ndi kubala zipatso bwino pamagulu osiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zabwino ngati zidzakhala ngati mutabzala pamalo a dzuwa, komanso mumdima wambiri, mwachitsanzo, mu penumbra kuchokera ku korona za mtengo.

Koma nthaka ndi zinyontho zimakhala zovuta kwambiri: muyenera kusankha nthaka yothira bwino kwambiri. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi mchenga wa loamy kapena mchenga.

Ndikofunika kupeŵa malo okhala pafupi ndi madzi, pansi. Jamu silingalole madzi ochulukirapo, choncho m'madera otsika, kumene madzi kapena madzi amasungunuka, chomera chomeracho sichiyenera kukhala. Kufika kumatetezedwa ku mphepo ndi ma drafts.

Mukudziwa? Pambuyo maluwawa asanafike ku America (XIX-XX centuries), obereketsa anabala mitundu ndi zipatso za 50-80 g Komabe, mu New World, zomerazo zinkapatsidwa powdery mildew, zomwe zinawononga mitundu yambiri. Mitundu yamakono yopanda matenda ilibe zipatso zotere monga mitundu yammbuyo.

Nthawi ndi dongosolo lofika

Kudzala chikhalidwe kumachitika mu autumn ndi masika. Komabe, kwa alimi ambiri, kubzala kwabwino kumakhala kosavuta, popeza kuti nyengo yotentha imakhala yotsika kwambiri, njira zomwe zimapangidwira ndi mizu ya mizu zimayenda bwino, nthawi yachisanu imakhala yolimba, ndipo nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi mbande imagwirizanitsidwa.

Pamene zotsatira za kubzala kasupe zidzakhalanso zabwino. Komabe, ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti mulembe jamu pakapita nthawi pakati pa dothi la pansi ndi kutupa kwa masamba pa mbande. Ngati mwachedwa ndi kubzala, mbewuyo idzaphuka kwambiri.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kunyalanyaza zonse zomwe timachita pofuna kusamalira zomera, phunzirani kuteteza jamu ndi tizirombo.

Kotero, molingana ndi mawu a kalendala, nthawi yabwino yobzala ndikumayambiriro kwa March kapena theka la September, isanayambe chisanu. Pa nthawi ya kubzala, malowa ayenera kukonzekera kwa miyezi ingapo, ndipo mkatikatikatikatikati a masika, ndibwino kuti achite ntchito yokonzekera kugwa.

Chombocho chiyenera kukhala cha miyeso yotereyi - 50x50x50 cm, m'pofunika kuyang'ana mtunda pakati pa tchire - 1.5 mamita, mtunda pakati pa mabedi - osachepera mita imodzi.

Kenaka, muyenera kuthirira manyowa kuti mubzala. Kukumba nthaka ikuyenera kusakanizidwa ndi feteleza ngati awa:

• 8-10 g mullein;
• 200 g wa superphosphate;
• 40 g wa mchere wa potaziyamu (300 g wa phulusa la matabwa angalowe m'malo);
• 100-300 g wa chimwala chophwanyika.

Ngati dothi liri lobiriwira komanso lolemera, mukhoza kuwonjezera zidebe zingapo za peat. Mbewu imayenera kudziwa mzu wa mizu: mutabzala, imamira mu nthaka ndi masentimita 6. Zomera zimalowera kuti zikhale zoongoka, popanda kupota. Nthaka iyenera kuyanjana ndi kuthirira mochuluka (mpaka 5 malita pa chitsamba).

Pezani zizindikiro za matenda a jamu.

Popeza "Invicta" imakula ndi chitsamba chachikulu, onetsetsani kuti mumapanga mapulogalamu. Kuchita izi, mitengo yachitsulo yokhala ndi masentimita 150 imayikidwa pamphepete mwa bedi, mawaya osakanikirana amatambasulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 100 ndi 150, kumene nthambi za tchire zimangirizidwa.

Zofunikira za chisamaliro cha nyengo

Tchire tomwe tabzala, komanso zomera zazikulu zimayenera kupereka chisamaliro chokwanira nthawi yonseyi.

Kuthirira

Monga tanenera poyamba, jamu amatha kulekerera nyengo yaifupi yochepa, komabe, kuti mupeze zipatso zazikulu ndi zokolola zochulukirapo, zidzakhala zofunikira kusunga mlingo wa chinyezi pa nthaka. N'zotheka kuzindikira kuti chipinda chadothi chimakwanira mokwanira, malinga ndi mayesero otere - pamene mutenga dothi m'manja mwanu, zimangowonongeka mosavuta ndi zala zanu, zimamveka zowonongeka, koma sizimamatirana ndi khungu ndipo sichikhala ndi pulasitiki ngati dongo chifukwa cha chinyezi chochuluka.

Pothirira madzi, nthaka pansi pa shrub iyenera kuthiridwa mozama pafupifupi masentimita 40, malingana ndi msinkhu ndi kukula kwa shrub, 2kitsamba pazitsamba pazomwe zimafunika. Kwa ulimi wothirira ntchito madzi amatha kutentha, makamaka kupatulidwa kapena mvula.

Onetsetsani kuti mukufunika kuthirira pazigawo izi:

• pamene amapanga mazira ndi mphukira (mapeto a Meyi - kumayambiriro kwa June);
• pa siteji ya zipatso zopsa;
• mu September kukonzekera mizu m'nyengo yozizira.

Kuthirira kumakhala koyandikana kwambiri ndi nthaka, kupeŵa chinyezi pa masamba.

Mukamapanga mazira ambiri, muyenera kufufuza mosamala mlingo wa chinyezi

Kusamalira dothi

Kuti fruiting wabwino ukhale wotsimikiza kusamalira nthaka. Kusamalira kumachepetsedwa kukhala njira zotere: kupalira, kukumba kapena kutsegula, kukulumikiza mutatha kuthirira.

Ndikoyenera kukumba ndi kumasula nthaka kuti uwonjezere mpweya ndi chinyezi chiwerengero. Mungagwiritse ntchito fosholo pakumba, koma kumasula kumafunika bwino kwambiri - mafoloko a munda ndi abwino.

Kuchotsa namsongole ndi sitepe yofunika - zomera zowirira pansi pa chitsamba zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi cha mlengalenga chikule, zomwe zingayambitse matenda a fungal.

Chinthu chinanso chikuphatikizapo: kukuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi chofunikira mu nthaka ndikuletsa kutayika kwa nsalu yowonongeka. Nyama, udzu, utuchi, peat ndi abwino ngati mulch. Kutsegula ndi kupalira kupuma kumachitika kamodzi pamwezi.

Ndikofunikira! Mazira a jamu amakhala pafupi kwambiri, choncho m'pofunika kumasula mosamala pansi pa korona, mpaka mozama kuposa 6-8 masentimita.

Kudyetsa

Feteleza ayenera kukhala osachepera kawiri pachaka. (kawirikawiri zimadalira kukula kwa nthaka m'deralo):

• nthawi yoyamba pambuyo maluwa kuonjezera zokolola;
• Kachiwiri mutatha kukonza zipatso kuti mukonzekeretse chitsamba m'nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi yotsatira ya fruiting.

Poyamba kudyetsa bwino ntchito ya organic matter: mullein kapena zinyalala. Amadzipukutira m'madzi pa chiŵerengero cha 1:10 kapena 1:20, motero. Kenaka, pangani dothi la chiwerengero ichi - pa 1 lalikulu. Mamitala amafunika chidebe cha lita 10 cha mullein kapena 5 malita a malita.

Pofuna kupanga kuvala pafupi ndi tchire, mungathe kupanga pulasitiki osasunthira pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa, kutsanulira feteleza mwa iwo, ndipo mutatha kuyamwa, mudzaze ndi nthaka.

Kupaka minerals kumapangidwa pambuyo pokolola zipatso. Pakati pa 10 malita a madzi, 10 g wa urea, 20 g wa superphosphate ndi 10 g wa potassium sulphate. Pakatikatikatikatikati, kuti ukhale ndi kukula kwa masamba muyenera kupanga feteleza ndi nitrogenous.

Pachifukwachi, chisakanizo chimakonzedwa: 10ml madzi ndi 50 g ammonium nitrate, chitsamba chimatsanulidwa kuchokera kuthirira ndi chitsamba chochokera kumwamba kuti chisakanizo chigwere pa mphukira ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Kenaka, nthaka pafupi ndi thunthu ili ndi nkhuni phulusa (1 tbsp. Per bush) ndi kumasulidwa.

Kudulira

Kudulira ndi kusamalidwa koyenera pa moyo wa chitsamba. Dulani ndikofunikira mu kugwa ndi masika. Mu achinyamata zomera mpaka 3 zaka, chigoba nthambi ndifupikitsidwa ndi theka, ndipo muzu kukula pafupifupi kwathunthu kudula.

Zomera kuyambira zaka 4 kapena kupitirira, m'pofunika kuchotsa nthambi zonse zopanda pake: zofooka, zowonongeka ndi zouma, zikukula mosalekeza. Saloledwa kubisa nthambizo. Muyeneranso kuchotsa nthambi zoposa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, chifukwa palibe pafupifupi mbewu.

Yophukira kudulira ikuchitika pambuyo pa masamba omwe agwa, m'chaka - asanayambe mphukira. Mukhozanso kuchita chilimwe kudulira kuwonjezera fruiting ndi kukula kwa zipatso. Pachifukwachi, nsonga za mphukira zakuda zimadulidwa kuti zikhale ndi masamba 5-7.

Phunzirani mmene mungapangire jamu kudulira.

Kuteteza kutentha kwa chisanu

Invicta imalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino kwambiri. Koma kuti mukhale ndi wintering, ndi bwino kuchita ntchito yokonzekera:

1. Choyamba, dulani zowuma, zowonongeka, zopotoka kapena zogona pansi pa nthambi, kuchotsani masamba ogwa.
2. Kenaka muyenera kutsanulira mizu yambiri ndikulima nthaka.
3. Kusamala pamaso pa chisanu ndikutetezera bwino kuti mizu ikhale yozizira. Monga nsanamira m'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito humus kapena peat ndi wosanjikiza wa 10-15 masentimita.
4. Pamene chisanu chigwa, dera la basal likhoza kusungidwa ndi masentimita 10. Ndipo ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yozizira koma osati yotentha, mungagwiritse ntchito chilichonse chophimba kuti muteteze mizu.

Ndikofunikira! Masamba ndi masamba odulidwa ndi osayenera kugwiritsira ntchito nsalu ndi zophimba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi bowa tingathe kuzigonjetsa, ndipo kumapeto kwa tchire kudutsa muzitsamba zonse. Ndi bwino kutentha msanga masamba ndi masamba.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana

Kawirikawiri, zosiyanasiyanazi zimalandira ndemanga zabwino, zomwe sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa chiwerengero cha ubwino mwachangu chimaposa zopinga zing'onozing'ono:

1. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yololera. Zipatso zimadziwika ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu, kukoma kwake, kukoma mtima ndi kuyenda, kusagwiritsiridwa ntchito.
2. Zomera zimatsutsana mosamala.
3. Zitsamba zimalola kulephera kolimba.
4. Jamu ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew ndi matenda ambiri omwe amapezeka maluwa a mabulosi.

Zowonongeka zomwe zingatheke zikhoza kukhala zowonongeka kwa chilala, komanso kukhalapo kwa ma spikes aakulu. Komabe, zotsirizirazi sizingatchedwe kuti ndi zazikulu - zitsulo zimakonzedwa pang'ono, motero sizingapangitse mavuto ovuta pokolola ndi manja.

Zomwe zinayankhulidwa zosiyanasiyana ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula payekha. Ndikusamalidwa bwino, "Invicta" kale mu chaka chachiwiri adzasangalala ndi zokolola zochuluka za zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yabwino kwa anthu omwe sanakhalepo ndi chidziwitso cha kukula kwa gooseberries.

Video: Makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana "Invicta"

Jamu losiyanasiyana "Invicta": ndemanga