Mbuye aliyense amafuna kupeza mapeyala osiyanasiyana, omwe sangakhale ovuta kusamalira okha, komanso amatha kupanga zinthu zabwino zokoma. Ngakhale mitundu yambiri ya peyala ili ndi zokolola zabwino, zimapanga mankhwala omwe alibe kukoma.
Lero tidzakambirana zapadera zomwe zimakhalapo pamtunda - Pepala la Larinska, komanso timapereka mafotokozedwe atsatanetsatane, tiyeni tigwirizane ndi chisankho chodzala zakuthupi ndi mtengo.
Mbiri yobereka
Mitengo yachinyama yazomera inakhazikitsidwa ku South Ural Scientific Research Institute for Horticulture ndi mbatata. Zinthu zomwe analenga "Larinskaya" zinali mitundu yotchuka: "Okondedwa Clapp" ndi "Ussuriyskaya". 
Zilembedwa mu Register Register monga zosiyanasiyana akulimbikitsanso kubzala mu m'madera ozungulira.
Mukudziwa? Peyala chipatso chimalimbitsa dzino zowonjezera, popeza zili ndi mankhwala a calcium ndi phosphorous.
Mafotokozedwe ndi zosiyana za zosiyanasiyana
Kenaka, tiyeni tiyankhule za zikuluzikulu za mbali zam'mlengalenga ndi zipatso.
Wood
Gawo lokwezeka liri ndi kutalika kokongola - mpaka 6 mamita. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, peyala imakula mofulumira, choncho nthawi ya fruiting imakhala ndi miyeso yambiri. Korona imakhala yobiriwira, pamene nthambi zimapanga korona wosayenerera yopanda chilema, chifukwa zimakhala zosiyana. Mzerewo uli ndi mawonekedwe a silinda, kawirikawiri - molunjika, kawirikawiri iwe ukhoza kuwona kupweteka. Mapepala a mapepala ndi aakulu kwambiri, ali ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba. Muyezo wamitundu.
Ndikofunikira! Pubscence ya Leaf ilibe.
Zipatso
Mapeyala pa nthawi ya kukhwima yosasinthika amajambulidwa mu utoto wobiriwira. Pakatha masabata angapo, amakhala ndi chikasu chowala, pomwe pali madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda. Panthawi yakukula, zipatso zimakhala zobiriwira. 
Kulemera kwa zipatso kumasiyana pakati 100-180 g, malinga ndi kukula kwa nthaka ndi chiwerengero cha kuvala. Mapeyala ndi ofiira kukula, ndipo mawonekedwe amafanana ndi mpira, omwe amachepetsa pang'ono pafupi ndi tsinde.
Mitundu ya peyala imeneyi imatchedwa mchere, chifukwa zipatso zimakhala ndi mchere wokoma kwambiri, womwe umakhala ndi mafuta pang'ono. Mapeyala amakhala ndi shuga wochuluka (9.7), kotero amatha kudya mwatsopano kapena kupangidwa chifukwa cha zipatso za vinyo osiyanasiyana.
Kawirikawiri zokolola za mtengo umodzi waukulu - 40-50 makilogalamu. Mitengo imabzalidwa nthawi imodzi. Mtengo umabala zipatso pachaka, chifukwa ungagwiritsire ntchito malonda (kupereka zipatso kumsika).
Zipatso zimakhala ndi katundu wawo kwa miyezi iwiri ngati zitasungidwa muzovomerezeka.
Ndikofunikira! Fruiting imayamba pa zaka 4-5 za moyo.
Momwe mungasankhire mbande
Poyamba, kugula mbande zilizonse bwino kumera.
- Choyamba, anamwino amafunira ndemanga zabwino, komanso fano, choncho musayese kugulitsa zinthu zoipa.
- Chachiwiri, muzinyamayi simungathenso kutaya "laimu", womwe ukhoza kukhala peyala.
- Kachitatu, kumalo odyetserako ziweto akutsatira malamulo a kulima, kunyamula ndi kuyendetsa, chotero mwayi wa imfa ya mbeu pakulera imachepa kwambiri.
- Chachinayi, makampani ogwira ntchito amagwira ntchito ndi kubereka, kotero sapling yomwe mumakondwera nayo ingabweretsedwe pansi pakhomo, popanda kutaya nthawi yanu.
Ndipotu, mudzayenera kulipira kangapo ka sapling kuchokera kuchipatala, komabe, ngati simukukhala tsiku limodzi, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mtengo wodabwitsa wa mitengo udzatsimikizira kuti nyengo ya 1-2 ikhale yodalirika.
Musanagule mbeu yomwe mukufuna yang'anani mbali yake yamlengalenga ndi rhizome. Ngati mizu ili mu dothi ladothi, ndiye kuti sikuyenera kuwononga, chifukwa ilo limachepetsa mwayi woti mizu yawonongeka.
Yang'anani nthambi ndi thunthu za kukhalapo kwa bowa ndi tizirombo. Pa mphukira sayenera kukhala youma ndi machitidwe owonongeka. Komanso, nthambi zonse ziyenera kukhala zamoyo, chifukwa kupezeka kwa nkhuni zouma zimasonyeza kuti mbeuyo siili bwino.
Kenaka, timatsimikizira zaka zomwe zafotokozedwa pa mtengo ndi mawonekedwe ake. Ngati mumvetsetsa kuti mtengowu uyenera kukhala wokwanira 2 ndipo uli ndi korona yayikulu ya msinkhu wawo, ndipo patsogolo panu muli "mtengo" wamtengo wapatali, ndiye kuti muyenera kukana kugula. 
Ngati masamba ali pamtengo, samalani masamba a masamba. Yerekezerani iwo ndi iwo omwe ali mu peyala ya chithunzi. Ngati ali ofanana ndipo palibe chowonongeka pa masamba, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ingagulidwe.
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu sayenera kukhala ndi masamba ambiri, monga izi zikuwonetsera nayitrogeni yochulukirapo.
Timalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti tisagule mtengo ngati mizu yake ili mkati mwa polyethylene. Mizu yotereyi siipuma, ndipo chinyezi chimakula, chomwe chimapangitsa kukula kwa bowa. Komanso, simungadziwe kuchuluka kwa mbeu zomwe zinasungidwa muzinthu zoterezi. Ngati rhizome imatsegulidwa, iyenera kukhala mu minofu yothira madzi kuti kuyanika sikuchitika ndipo pali mpweya wabwino.
Kugula mmera ndi mizere yotseguka, mosamala muwaganizire iwo. Ngati pali zilonda zosadziwika, zotupa kapena kuwonongeka kwa makina - kukana kugula. Komanso, musagule kubzala zinthu, zomwe zili ndi zochepa kwambiri za mizu.
Dzidziwe nokha ndi zovuta za kubzala ndi kusamalira mitundu ya peyala: "Krasnobakaya", "Century", "Bryansk Beauty", "Belarusian Late", "Thumbelina", "Rossoshanskaya dessert", "Chikondi", "Honey", "Hera", " Petrovskaya "," Krasulya "," Mu kukumbukira Zhegalov "," Ana ".
Kusankha malo abwino
Poyamba, n'zotheka kudzala chomera chaching'ono kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu ndi yophukira, koma ngati kuli kuzizira m'dera lanu, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kudzala mu kasupe, ndikupatsa mtengo nthawi yowonjezereka. 
Mtengo wachikulire uli ndi korona yofalikira ndipo, nthawi imodzi, sichikonda malo omwe timakhala nawo, choncho tidzalima peyala pamalo otseguka, omwe amasungidwa bwino ndi dzuwa. Pachifukwa ichi, malo osankhidwa ayenera kuwombedwa bwino ndi mphepo, kotero kuti peyala sichikhoza kukhala ndi matenda a fungal.
Ponena za kutalika kwa madzi pansi, izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa mtengo, koma sizothandiza kubzala mmera momwe kutalika kwake kuli kosakwana 2 mamita. Komanso pewani malo otsika, chifukwa iwo adzapeza nthawi zambiri chinyezi.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamabzala, samverani kuti mapeyala amafunika mungu wofiira, omwe ndi mitundu yabwino "Fairytale" ndi "Severyanka."
Mbali ya gawo lapansi, liyenera kubzalidwa pamtunda wochepa. Ngati simungathe kutenga nthaka yachonde, onetsetsani kuti nthaka yosasunga chinyezi, mwinamwake mtengo udzangowola.
Malo okonzekera
Malowa ayenera kutsukidwa kwa zotsalira za zomera ndi zinyalala. Kenaka muyenera kuchotsa namsongole. Onetsetsani ngati mthunzi wa zomera zowonongeka ukugwa pa malo okonzeka; Ngati inde, yesani nthambi kuti dera lanu likhale lowala ndi dzuwa. 
Kenaka, timakumba kanyumba kakang'ono pa bayonet, yomwe idzakhala bwalo kuzungulira thunthu, ndikufika ku dzenje.
Pitani bwino kukumba masiku angapo musanadzalemo, kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zinali pansi. Penjelo liyenera kukhala lakuya mamita 1 ndi diameter pafupifupi 80 masentimita.
Nthaka yapamwamba ya 30 cm iyenera kupatulidwa ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana, ndipo m'munsimu iyenera kuchotsedwa kumalo ena. Kenaka, perekani pansi pa ngalande yomwe imatha kufotokozedwa ndi dothi lowonjezera, miyala yochepa kapena miyala yochepa. Chinthu chachikulu - zinthu zosamba siziyenera kukhala zazikulu kwambiri.
Pambuyo pake kuphika nthaka kusakaniza. Timatenga nthakayi ndikuisakaniza ndi malita 10 a humus (timatenga chidebe), kapu ya superphosphate (galasi ya 300 ml), ½ chikho cha potashi ndi mtsuko umodzi wokha wa phulusa. Zosakaniza zonse ziyenera kusakanikirana bwino kuti mbeu ya rhizome isagwirizane ndi zowonjezera.
Werengani zokhudzana ndi zizindikiro za mapeyala osiyana siyana: "Rogneda", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya dew", "Kokinskaya", "Elena", "Marble", "Nika", "Veles", "Lada", "Lyubimitsa Yakovleva" , "Muscovite", "Cathedral".
Malangizo ndi ndondomeko ya kubzala mbande
Musanabzala, kamtengo kakang'ono kamatsanulira pakatikati pa dzenje, kenako pamapeto pake pakhomo la rhizome likuikidwapo. Kenaka, mizu imawongolera, motero imakula malo omwe akuyamwa. 
Ndikofunika kudzaza dzenje pang'onopang'ono, kutsika pang'ono pambuyo "gawo" lotsatira la nthaka kusakaniza. Izi zimachitidwa pofuna kuchotseratu ziwombankhanga zomwe zimathandiza kuti mizu isagwirizane ndi nthaka.
Pambuyo pa instillation, muyenera kuona komwe khosi lili. Iyenera kukhala 3-5 masentimita pamwamba pa gawo lapansimwinamwake khosi lidzavunda.
Kumapeto kwa kukwera, sizingakhale zopanda phindu kumanga chingwe chapafupi, kutsanulira nthaka yapansi, yomwe tinatenga pansi pa dzenje, ngati mzere wa "mpanda wawung'ono" kotero kuti madzi otsanulira pansi pazuwo sali kufalikira. Kenaka, tsitsani madzi okwanira 20 malita pansi pazu kuti muwononge nthaka yonse.
Mutabzala, muyenera kuyendetsa nkhonya pafupi ndi nyembazo, zomwe sizilola kuti ziwerama.
Zosamalidwa za nyengo za nyengo
Kambiranani mfundo zazikulu zosamalira mitundu yambiri ya peyala. Onaninso zofunikira za zokolola zambiri ndi kukula msanga.
Kusamalira dothi
Mtengo wawung'ono Kutentha kwa nthaka n'kofunikaChoncho, m'zaka zingapo zoyambirira nkofunika kuthirira peyala nthawi zonse, kuti nthaka isaduke. Mtengo wachikulire umatha kutsutsana ndi chilala, choncho amafunika kuthirira kokha pamasiku otentha kwambiri pamene nthaka imatha. 
Kuchotsa namsongole pa nthawi yocheka ndi kofunika pa nthawi yoyamba, pamene mizu ya mtengo sichikulirakulira ndipo ikuvutika ndi kukhalapo kwa namsongole. Pamene peyala ifika kutalika kwa mamita 2-3, kupalira ngati sikofunikira, popeza ngakhale namsongole wamkulu satha kutenga zakudya kuchokera ku peyala.
Komabe, ngati simukuthira nyemba, zimakhala zofunikira kupitilira mchere nthawi zambiri m'nyengoyi, makamaka panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito zovala.
Kumasula nthaka ayenera kukhala m'mawa ndi madzulo, kutentha kwambiri kunja kwa nthaka ndipo nthaka ili ndi kutsetsereka kosasunthika. Ngati pamwamba pake sichimasuka, kumasula sikufunika.
Mulch amathandiza kusunga chinyezi m'nthaka ndikuchotsa namsongole omwe sakula. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mulch imatetezanso kutentha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndipo imakhala ngati zokongoletsera ngati utuchi kapena zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kupanga mulching kapena ayi - makamaka kusankha kwanu, koma nkoyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mulch amathandiza kwambiri kusamalira mbewu pamtunda woyamba. 
Mukudziwa? Popeza kuti mapeyala ndi alamu ndi a malamulo a Rosaceae, iwo akhoza kuonedwa kuti "alongo", ngakhale kuti duwa ndi shrub ndipo peyala ndi mtengo.
Kupaka pamwamba
Popeza mudabzala zokwanira zamtundu wa madzi ndi mchere mu dzenje, palibe feteleza yofunikira pa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira. Komabe, zowoneka kuti peyala imakhala "yovuta" ndipo imatulutsa zakudya zonse m'nthaka, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula ndi chitukuko, zomwe zimaoneka bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kupanga feteleza yowonjezerapo, mwinamwake kukula kudzaima kwathunthu.
Popeza mmera wathu sunayambe zaka za fruiting, sikufuna phosphorous. Mukhoza kuchita mwa kupanga humus (chidebe chimodzi pa 10 malita) ndi nayitrogen-potaziyamu feteleza. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kuti pakhale chiwerengero chomwe sichidzakhala ndi nayitrogeni yochuluka kwambiri, mwinamwake mphukira idzayamba kutengeka kwambiri ndi kupunduka.
Komanso, pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa mphindi ya fruiting, m'chaka m'pofunika kudyetsa peyala ndi nayitrogeni potaziyamu feteleza, ndipo panthawi yopanga zipatso - ndi phosphate feteleza.
Kupewa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa
Ndi bwino kupereka chithunzithunzi choyambirira kusiyana ndi kuchiza matenda osasamalidwa, choncho chaka chimodzi mutabzalidwa, masika aliwonse, mutherani mtengo womwe uli ndi zolemba zomwe zingapangitse kukana matenda, ndi 10% yothetsera urea. Urea idzawonjezera kale chitetezo chokwanira ndi kuopseza kutali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi bowa.
Mungagwiritsenso ntchito mankhwalawa, omwe ali ndi zofunikira zonse ndi zizindikiro: "Ekolist", "Salyubor" ndi "Crystal". Amathandizira kuti mtengo ukhale wosokonezeka nthawi ya nyengo yoipa kapena "vagaries" ya nyengo.
Kupanga korona ndi korona
Dulani ma sapling akusowa kale chaka chimodzi chitatha. Mphukira yapakati imachepetsedwa mpaka masentimita 100, ndipo nthambi zonse zomwe ziri pansi pa mamita mita zimachotsedwa. Choncho, mtengo udzakhazikitsa korona wabwino popanda nthambi zosafunikira.
M'chaka chachiwiri, mphukira zonse zimachepetsedwa ndi 1/3 kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zomwe amapita kuti apereke mphukira, ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa mizu.
Kuchokera m'chaka chachitatu peyala iyenera kudulidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, isanayambike kutaya kwa madzi. Nthambi zouma, zouma ndi matenda zimachotsedwa, ndipo kusintha kotheratu kwa korona kumapangidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. 
Malamulo ambiri. Pambuyo pochotsa nthambi zazikulu podula mitengo yokalamba, malo opangidwa ndi macheka ayenera kuikidwa ndi mafuta kapena dongo kuti mtengo usagwidwe ndi bowa kapena matenda. Nthambi zonse zimachotsedwa kuti m'malo mwake sipadzakhalanso "stumps", chifukwa izi sizingowononga maonekedwe, komanso zimawononga mtengo.
Chitetezo ku chimfine ndi makoswe
Pofuna kuteteza peyala ku makoswe, muyenera mutagwa masamba kuti muphimbe mbali ya pansi ya thunthu ruberoid kapena spruce. Zida zimenezi sizidzateteza ku tizirombo komanso ku chisanu.
Popeza mtengo waukulu suwopa ngakhale chisanu chowopsa, ndikwanira kungovala gawo la pansi pa thunthu. Nthambi sizikusowa kuti zikulumikizidwa ndi kutsekedwa kapena kugwada pansi. Koma mtengo wawung'ono ndi bwino kubisala.
Kuti achite izi, nthambi zimamangirirana pang'onopang'ono ndikugwada pansi. Ngati nyengo imakhala yofewa, sikoyenera kuphimba mphukira, koma ngati ayi - ili ndi masamba a spruce kapena zinthu zomwe zimalola mpweya kudutsa.
Izi zimatsiriza zokambirana za peyala zabwino, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito podzigwiritsa ntchito komanso kulima, komanso poyambitsa masikiti ndi kupereka katundu kumsika. Izi zosiyanasiyana si mantha chisanu, chilala kapena tizirombo, choncho amafuna kanthawi yake kuthirira, korona mapangidwe ndi feteleza. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mungu wofunikira umakhala wofunikira kuti ukhale wosiyana siyana, choncho ndi bwino kubzala ngati ulibe peyala yomwe imakula kale pa tsamba lanu.
