Peyala

Mapeyala osiyanasiyana "Zoona": makhalidwe, ubwino ndi kuipa

Imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri m'minda ndi mapeyala. Mitengo iyi si yokongola zokha, koma nthawi zambiri imatikondweretsa ndi kukolola kwakukulu, zipatso zabwino ndi zowononga. Komabe, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu, zimakhala zovuta kwa wamaluwa kusankha chomwe angasankhe, kotero kuti amadziletsa mosamala, amabweretsa zokolola zabwino, komanso ali ndi zipatso za chilengedwe chonse. Imodzi mwa mitundu imeneyi ndi peyala ya "Vernaya", ndi mafotokozedwe ndi zolima zomwe timapereka kuti tidziwe.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Mitundu imeneyi inabadwa chifukwa cha ntchito yolezera ya Yuri Petrov ndi Nina Efimova. Mu 1958, ofufuza a Yose-Mechelnskaya onse omwe anabadwa ndi All-Russian Institute of Horticulture and Nursery, anadutsa mzere wosakanizidwa No. 3, chifukwa cha dziko lapansi adatsegula pepala la Verna, lomwe linayesa mayeso kuchokera mu 1998, ndipo mu 2001 analandira malo ake zolembera.

Mukudziwa? Kalekale, pamene anthu sankadziwa za kusuta fodya, amagwiritsa ntchito masamba a zomera zosiyanasiyana chifukwa chosuta fodya, ndipo peyala ndi imene ankakonda, masamba ake anali otchuka kwambiri pakati pa osuta fodya.

Kulongosola kwa mtengo

Mtengo uwu wakula msinkhu uli ndi mawonekedwe osasinthasintha, otsika kwambiri korona. Nthambizi ndizozungulira, zimayandikana pambali pang'onopang'ono ndi thunthu, ndipo mapeto ake amatsogoleredwa mwachisawawa, pamwamba ndi pambali.

Thunthuli limaphatikiza khungwa lakuda. Korona ili ndi masamba a mdima wobiriwira. Mapepala a leaf ali ndi mawonekedwe ovoid, ndipo kukhudza ndi kosalala, ngakhale kuti adatchula mitsempha. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, mtengowu umadzaza ndi maluwa owala oyera ndi zonunkhira. Kolchalki, omwe zipatso zake zimapangidwira, zimakhala zosavuta komanso zovuta ndipo zimakhala ngati zokopa, matumba ndi matumba.

Kufotokozera Zipatso

Mapeyala a zosiyanasiyana ameneŵa amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo akale. Ganizirani pafupifupi 120-150 g, okhala ndi khungu louma, lowala. Mtundu waukulu wa peyala ndi wobiriwira, panthawi ya kusasitsa kwathunthu umapeza chikasu chachikasu.

Ndikofunikira! Kulawa ndi kuyesa kwapadera kwa zipatso kumaposa mfundo 4, zomwe zikuphatikizapo shuga oposa 10% ndi 0.15% asidi.
Zipatso zili ndi mfundo zosaoneka bwino, zofiirira. Mkati mwa peyala amaoneka ngati minofu, yunifolomu komanso yowutsa mudyo. Amamva kukoma kokoma ndi kowawa, ndipo kukoma kwawo sikuli kolemera kwambiri.

Zofunikira za Kuunikira

Peyala "Wokhulupirika" amatanthauza zomera zomwe zimakonda kwambiri komanso zimakonda dzuwa. Kubzala mumthunzi kungapangitse kuchepa kwa zokolola komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mtengo. Shuga zokhudzana ndi zipatso makamaka zimadalira kuchuluka kwa dzuwa ndi kuwala komwe kumapita ku chomera.

Zosowa za nthaka

Peyala imeneyi ndi yopanda phokoso la nthaka, madzi abwino ndi ofunikira kwambiri, popeza madzi omwe akuyenda bwino akhoza kuwononga kukula kwa mbewu.

Inde, ngati muli ndi mwayi woterewu, muyenera kupatsa nthaka yachonde, mtengowu udzayankha ku mbewu yabwino.

Onani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapeyala monga "Dukhmyanaya", "Krasnobakaya", "Chimbukero cha Belarusian", "Chosangalatsa Klapp", "Thumbelina", "Century", "Bryansk Beauty", "Dessert Rossoshanskaya", "Chikondi", "Crimea" wokondedwa, Hera, Petrovskaya, Krasulya.

Kuwongolera

Chowotcherera ndi chofunikira kwa mitundu yonse, yonse yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika. Peyala "Zoona" - ndizosiyana, zimadalira zomwe zidzakhale zokolola.

Ndikofunikira! Yabwino kwambiri yopanga mungu wochokera ku mapeyala a Vernya amaonedwa kuti ndi "Mitundu Yakovleva", "Chizhevskaya" ndi "Lyra".
Mukamabzala mitengo imeneyi mumunda muyenera kupalasa mungu, chifukwa imatha kupanga zomera 2-3 za mitundu ina yomwe idabzalidwa.

Fruiting

Mtengo umayamba kubereka zaka 3-4 mutabzala. Kuti mtengo ukhale bwino, zipatso zimakhala bwino komanso mosasinthasintha, panthawi yoyamba maluwa, akatswiri amalangiza kuti azichotsa zonsezi.

Chaka chotsatira musagwirizane ndi ndondomeko ya maluwa, koma ndizofunika kwambiri kuti muchotse zipatso zina zobiriwira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti peyala "Woona" imabala zipatso osati chaka chilichonse, ndipo pofuna kupeŵa izi, wamaluwa amadziwa kulangiza mbewu mwa kudula gawo la zipatso zachangu.

Pochita agrotechnical kulandira, peyala idzabala mbewu pachaka, ndipo zipatso zake zidzakhala ndi shuga zambiri.

Nthawi yogonana

Zosiyanasiyanazi ndi za m'dzinja, kucha. Zipatso zipsa pakati-kumapeto kwa September.

Pereka

Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zokolola zabwino, ndipo mosamala mungathe kukhazikika mu nkhaniyi. Pafupifupi, makilogalamu 35-40 a mapeyala achotsedwa pamtengo umodzi wokhwima.

Transportability ndi yosungirako

Peyala "Wokhulupirika" amasungidwa bwino ndipo amanyamula katundu. Zimakhulupirira kuti zipatso zakupsa zimakhala kwa masiku 35-65, koma ngati mumaziika m'firiji kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, masamu a moyo amakula mpaka miyezi itatu.

Mukudziwa? Peyala ndi wachibale wa rosa, chifukwa chakuti zomera zonse ndi za banja la Rosaceae.

Kukana kwa chilengedwe ndi matenda

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosakanikirana ndi nkhanambo. Pokhapokha ngati malamulo onse obzalidwa akuwonetsedwa, malowa amasankhidwa bwino ndipo zomera zimaperekedwa ndi madzi, mvula yambiri siipweteka kwa iye mu nyengo yonse yokula. Kawirikawiri, khungwa la mitengo yaying'ono imawonongeka ndi makoswe, njira imodzi yotchuka yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito nylonyi ya pantyhose kapena mauna abwino. Thunthu likulumikizidwa ndi zakuthupi, kotero tizirombo sitingafike ku makungwa, ndipo mtengo suvutika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya.

Zima hardiness

Peyala "Zoona" zotsutsana ndi chisanu ndipo zimakhala zolimba m'nyengo yozizira. Koma achinyamatawa akulimbikitsidwa kuti aziphimba ndi kupuma komanso kuti azitha kuzungulira pansi pa mbeuyo ndi manyowa ovunda.

Ndikofunikira! Chaka chilichonse, ndikofunikira kupukuta korona, izi zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a mtengo, kumawonjezera zokolola ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri kukoma kwa chipatsocho.

Zipatso ntchito

Mapeyala a kalasiyi amasiyana ndi makhalidwe apamwamba. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsopano, ankakonda kupanga juices, compotes ndi jams. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake kwa mafuta, zipatso zimakhala bwino pokonza mbale zosiyanasiyana zamadzi, monga magawo a zipatso ndi saladi, komanso kudzaza mapeyala ndi mikate.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Mbewu iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake ndi ubwino wake. Monga lamulo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zamakono zamakono kumathandiza kuthetsa zolakwika zochepa ndikuwonjezera ubwino.

Zotsatira

  • Zokolola zazikulu.
  • Zipatso zokoma ndi zokongola.
  • Mapeyala akhoza kusungidwa ndi kutengedwera kutalika.
  • Zosiyanasiyana ndi chisanu chopinga.
  • Kukaniza matenda.
  • Universality of ntchito ya zipatso.

Wotsutsa

  • Amafuna nthawi zonse kudulira mitengo ndi mapangidwe pamtengo.
  • Ndikofunika kuti tsinde likhale pafupi ndi thunthu mwangwiro, osati kulola namsongole, komanso kusabzala mbewu zina pafupi ndi mtengo wa zipatso.
  • Ndikusamalidwa bwino sikutha kubala chipatso pachaka.
Ngati mumatsatira malamulo odzala ndi kusamalira mbewu, pepala la "Vernaya" lidzabweretsa zokolola zambiri ndipo lidzakhala mthandizi wanu wokhulupirika mu mavitamini m'nyengo yozizira. Makhalidwe abwino ndi zowonongeka za zosiyanazi zimatsimikizira kuti kuli kofunika kubzala mtengo woterewu m'munda wamunda.