Zozizwitsa zokoma, zonunkhira ndi zathanzi mango M'nyengo yozizira imapezeka m'sitolo iliyonse. Ngati ndinu mphunzitsi wa chipatso ichi chachilendo ndipo nthawi zambiri mumadzipatsa zipatso zabwino, musafulumire kuchotsa mafupa, chifukwa mungathe kuwakhazikitsa ndikukula mtengo wamtengo wapatali kunyumba! Momwe tingachitire bwino, tidzakambirana zambiri.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Mango - Ichi ndi chomera chobiriwira, cha banja la Sumakhov. Amakula m'mayiko otentha ndi ozizira: m'nkhalango za India, Myanmar, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines ndi Sri Lanka - izi ndi zigawo zachilengedwe za kukula kwa mitengo. Koma patapita nthawi, imafalikira padziko lonse - kuchokera ku Australia kupita ku Central America. Kwa India ndi Pakistan, mango ndi chizindikiro cha dziko lonse. 
Pansi pa chilengedwe, mtengo ukhoza kufika mamita 30. Amakhala ndi zaka 300, pamene akupitiriza kukula ndi kubereka zipatso nthawi yonseyi. Mtengo wa mango uli ndi korona wokongola, wandiweyani, yofalikira (mpaka mamita 40 m'lifupi), zomwe zimapereka kuyang'ana kokongola.
Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makongoletsedwe a munda. Mzuwu ndi wamphamvu, umatsika mpaka mamita 6, kotero mtengo ukhoza kupeza chinyezi mozama kwambiri. Ma masamba, mtundu wa mtundu wa pala ndi wamkuwa wobiriwira. Mbali yamkati ya masamba ndijambulidwa pang'onopang'ono.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mwa masamba a masamba a mango mmodzi amatha kuweruza zaka za mtengo - kambewu kakang'ono kamakhala ndi masamba omwe amawoneka achikasu, pinki ndi ofiira. Pakukula kwake mtundu wa masamba umasintha kumdima wakuda.
Mukudziwa? Mtsogoleri wa dziko pa kulima ndi kutumiza kunja kwa zipatso zazitentha izi ndi India. Mdziko kuti kulima mango kugawa malo oposa makumi asanu ndi awiri (70%) a malo omwe cholinga chake chinali kulima mbewu za zipatso. Chaka chonse, zokolola za mango m'dziko zimakhala pafupifupi matani 10 miliyoni, zomwe ndi 65 peresenti ya kukolola zipatso padziko lonse lapansi.
Mu nyengo ya maluwa, yomwe imakhala miyezi yozizira, mtengowu uli ndi maluwa ambirimbiri achikasu ndi ofiira. Kwa maonekedwe a maluwa mtengo uyenera kufika zaka khumi. Ndizosangalatsa kuti nthambi zosiyanasiyana zimatuluka mu chaka, ndiko kuti, ngati chaka chino nthambi zina zikufalikira, chaka chamawa iwo adzakhala ndi nthawi yopuma, ndipo padzakhala maluwa ku nthambi zoyandikana nawo. Mu nyengo yowuma, padzakhala maluwa ambiri, koma ngati kuchuluka kwa mphepo ndi kwakukulu, maluwawo amatha kuchepa.
Zipatso zili ndi khungu lofewa, mtundu wosiyana, wofiira ndi wofiira. Ali ndi kukoma kokoma, zokometsera zowoneka bwino, mtundu wowala wachikasu-lalanje. 
Zitsanzo zazikulu zedi zimatha kufika makilogalamu 2.5 kulemera ndi 22 cm m'litali. Maonekedwewa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndipo akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri: oblong, ovoid, ofanana ndi impso zaumunthu, zowonongeka. Mkati mwa chipatsocho muli kuwala, kotanuka, komwe mungathe kukula mango kunyumba.
Mankhwala amapangidwa
Kuwonjezera pa zokoma zodabwitsa zokoma, mandango ili ndi vitamini ndi mchere wochititsa chidwi:
Zosintha - Chiwerengero cha
Mavitamini
- C (ascorbic acid) - 27 mg
- B4 (choline) - 7.6 mg
- E (tocopherol) - 1.1 mg
- PP (nicotinic acid) - 0.58 mg
- Beta-carotene - 0.45 mg
- B5 (pantothenic acid) - 0.16 mg
- B6 (pyridoxine) - 0.13 mg
Zachilengedwe ndi macro
- Potaziyamu (K) - 156 mg
- Mkuwa (Cu) - 110 mg
- Phosphorus (P) - 11 mg
- Calcium (Ca) - 10 mg
- Magnesium (Mg) - 9 mg
- Sodium (Na) - 2 mg
Zinthu zina- Matenda a zakudya - 1.8 g
- Lipids - 0,4 g
- Phulusa - 0,5 g
- Sahara - 15 g
Pang'ono pa chipatso muli folic acid, mavitamini A ndi K, komanso minerals: selenium, manganese, zinki ndi chitsulo.
Mukudziwa? Ku India, pali miyambo yakale yogwirizana ndi mango. Pofuna kumanga nyumba yatsopano, chipatsochi chimayikidwa pa maziko a nyumbayi kuti apange chuma, chitukuko ndi chitetezo kwa anthu onse okhalamo.
Mphamvu yamtengo wapatali ndi kalori
Zipatso zili ndi zakudya zochepa, zomwe zimapanga mango chinthu chamtengo wapatali cholemera. Zomwe zimapanga chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni osachepera amakhalapo. Chifukwa cha ichi, mango ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri, amadyetsa bwino, amachotsa njala ndi mphamvu.
- Kalori wokhutira (100 g) - 65 kcal
- Magologololo - 0,5 g
- Mafuta - 0.27 g
- Zakudya - 15 g
- Madzi - 82 g
Zothandiza
Chifukwa cha chitsime cha vitamini-mineral substances, zipatso za mango zingathandize kwambiri kayendedwe ka mantha:
- kuthandizidwa ndi nkhawa ndi kupanikizika;
- kusintha kukumbukira;
- kuonetsetsa kugona.
Mango sindiwo wokhawokha m'deralo. Phunzirani zambiri za zinthu zopindulitsa za zipatso monga: lychee, longan, kumquat, actinidia, loquat, jujube, physalis, mandimu ndi okra.
Ntchito ya magazi imakhala ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi:
- ali ndi mankhwala ofewa ofewa;
- zimayambitsa zowawa;
- kumalimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi ndi mtima;
- imasiya kuchepa;
- kulimbikitsa maso;
- kumathandiza ndi matenda (kolera, mliri);
- kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi;
- imapereka zotsatira zotsutsa khansa.
Zipatso zamtundu zimathandizanso khungu, chifukwa zimathandiza kuyeretsa ndi kuthetsa makedoni, amasintha makwinya ndikudyetsa. Mango nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zakudya.
Ntchito Yophika
Kunyumba, mango, ku India, chipatso ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri pakuphika. M'deralo mango si wamba, koma pachabe! 
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mango kuphika ndi kosiyana kwambiri: zipatso zimaphatikizidwira zakudya zowonjezera komanso zakumwa zazikulu, zakumwa, zodyedwa mwatsopano komanso zowonongeka. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti zipatso zonse zobiriwira ndi zobiriwira ndizoyenera kudya.
Mango angagwiritsidwe ntchito bwanji kuphika:
- onjezerani ku sauces ndi gravies, mwachitsanzo, sungani;
- onjezerani ku nyama ndi nsomba zodyera pamene mukuyenda, mwachangu ndi kuphika;
- atumikire ndi ayisikilimu kapena pangani mchere wochokera kumango;
- gwiritsani ntchito madzi atsopano a juisi, cocktails;
- onjezani ku saladi.
Mango akhoza kukhala yokongoletsera pakompyuta. Musanayambe kutumikira, chipatso chiyenera kukhala utakhazikika pang'ono ndi kutsukidwa, kuteteza manja ndi magolovesi ku madzi a peel - zingapangitse kukwiya. Kenaka, chipatso chimadulidwa mu mbale, magawo kapena magawo. Mukhozanso kudula chipatsocho kukhala magawo awiri ndikusankha supuni yamchere.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kudabwitsa kokoma, zipatso za mango n'zovuta kukumba, choncho musawachitire nkhanza: idyani chipatso chimodzi chochepa kapena theka la zipatso zazikulu patsiku. Kudya kwambiri kumayambitsa kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba komanso mphamvu yowopsa.
Kukula
Ngati mukufuna kubwereranso mbeu yanu yokhala ndi zinyama, kumbukirani kuti panyumba mtengo wa mango udzakhala woposerapo pang'ono, wosabala zipatso, komanso kukoma kwa chipatso chomwecho sichikudziwika komanso chosiyana ndi chipatso cha supermarket. Komabe, ndikufunikabe kuyesa, chifukwa muyenera kuyesetsa mwakhama.
Kukonzekera kwa mafupa
Choyamba muyenera kusankha chipatso choyenera kwambiri: ndi bwino ngati icho chikuchepa kwambiri, mu chipatso chotero mafupa adzakhala okonzeka mwakukula. Kumbukirani kuti zipatso zambiri zikapsa, zimakhala zowonjezereka zopezera mbeu kuchokera ku mwalawo. Kubzala mango ndi zofunika kumapeto kwa nyengo ya zipatso izi, ndiko kuti, masika. 
Ndikofunika kuti sizizira, popanda zowola, mawanga ndi zizindikiro zina za ziphuphu.
Chipatsocho chiyenera kudulidwa, kuchotsa mosamala fupa - mwina, chipolopolocho chidzakhala nacho kale. Ndikofunika kuthyola chipolopolocho muming'alu ndikuchotsa mosamala mbewuyi mu filimu yochepa.
Ngati fupa liribe ming'alu, mukhoza kuliphwanya ndi lumo kapena mpeni, kuyesera kuti musakhudze mbewu.
Gawo lotsatira lidzakwera, zomwe zikhoza kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:
- Mbeu iyenera kumizidwa m'madzi ofunda, iyenera kusinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Patatha pafupifupi sabata, mudzawona njira yaying'ono. Patapita milungu iwiri, idzawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka, ndiye mbeu idzafalikira pansi.
- Mmalo mwa kumizidwa, mbewu imatha kuzungulira ndi wosanjikiza wa ubweya wa thonje wotsekedwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate tsiku loyamba, ndiye kuti thonje liyenera kukhala losakanizidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi. Chikwama cha pulasitiki chimaikidwa pamwamba pa ubweya. Ndi njira iyi, mbewu ingabzalidwe pansi pakatha masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Phunzirani momwe mungamere: mpheta, mphesa, maula, apricot, kanjedza, longan, papaya ndi mtengo wa azitona kuchokera ku mbewu, kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino m'tsogolomu.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Kubzala mtengo wa mango umaphatikizapo kusakaniza kulikonse kwazomera zapanyumba. Ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mchenga kapena vermiculite. Mukhozanso kusankha nthaka yowonongeka. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mango apange bwino panyumba ndi zabwino.
Chomera chochepa sichita feteleza ndi feteleza mpaka chikakhala ndi masamba awiri. Komanso, monga feteleza, mungagwiritse ntchito zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nitrojeni ndi biohumus (kwa zomera zam'madzi) kapena zowonjezera mavitamini (kwa zomera zotseguka). Feteleza yabwino kwambiri kupanga kangapo pachaka.
Mu nthawi ya maluwa ndi fruiting, feteleza mtengo ukhoza kuwonjezeka, pamene nayitrogeni ayenera kukhalapo mu zosakaniza.
Malamulo obwera
Sankhani mphika wabwino wa mtengo - kumbukirani kuti chomera chimapanga nthambi, mizu yozama komanso yolimba yomwe imafuna malo okwanira. Phika ukhoza kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena dothi, koma nthawi zonse ndi mabowo okwanira okwanira.
Pansi pa mphika palidothi ladothi, miyala yaing'ono, thovu kapena zidutswa zadongo. Kenaka, nthaka yadzaza. 
Pakatikati mwa mphika mupange dzenje kukula kwa mbewu, ikani gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mnofu wa fupa. Tumizani msana, ndipo gawo lachinayi lasiyidwa pamwamba. Mbewu iyenera kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi ndi madzi. Mwamsanga mutabzala, mungagwiritse ntchito chida cha Epin, chomwe chidzaonetsetsa kuti mizu yabwino ikukula.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Momwe ulimi wa ulimi wothiriririra ndi wofunika: nthaka sayenera kuuma, koma chinyezi sichiyenera kuloledwa. Kwa ulimi wothirira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofiira ofewa kutentha. Kutsekedwa kwa mpweya kumagwira ntchito yofunikira: ndikofunika kuteteza mpweya wouma m'chipinda. M'chilimwe, mtengowo uyenera kuthiridwa kangapo patsiku ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
Kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi chofunikira, chomera chaching'ono chikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi botolo lodula, limene nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kuchotsa chivundikiro cha "kuwomba".
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chowerenga momwe mungapangire ulimi wothirira wazitsulo kapena mabotolo a pulasitiki ndi manja anu, komanso phunzirani za phindu la madzi okwanira.
Kutentha ndi kuyatsa
Ndibwino kuyika mphika pamalo opatsa kwambiri m'nyumba, pansi pa dzuwa kapena mthunzi. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene palibe kuwala kokwanira, kuyatsa kwina kuyenera kuperekedwa ndi nyali za fulorosenti. Ponena za kutentha: mitengo ya mango sikonda kusintha kwa kutentha. Ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi "msinkhu" womwewo "usana ndi usiku" - + 25 ... +30 ° С.
Kudulira
Kudulira ndi korona kumapangidwa pakati pa nthawi ya kukula kwa mtengo, zomwe zingakhale zingapo pachaka. Kudulira kumafunika kokha pa gawo loyambirira la kukula kwa mtengo kuti ukhale korona wa mawonekedwe owoneka. M'tsogolomu, izi sizichitika ndipo sizingathetse nthambi zowuma komanso zofooka.
Pansi pa chilengedwe, kudulira kumachitika mutatha kukolola. Ngati nthambi zambiri zimachotsedwa, fruiting yotsatira ikhoza kugwa kwambiri kapena kuima kwa zaka zingapo. 
Kunyumba ndikofunikira kupanga korona motere: mpaka nthambi zisanu zazikulu pa korona zimapulumutsidwa, zina zonse zimachotsedwa. Malo odulidwa amafunika kuwachiritsidwa ndi phula la munda. Ndikofunika kuyamba kudulira osati kale kusiyana ndi momwe mbiya itatha kufika mamita 1-1.5 m'lifupi, iyenera kuchitidwa kawiri pa chaka.
Ndikofunikira! Njira yochepetsera iyenera kuchitidwa m'maguluvesi otetezera, chifukwa madzi a mtengo wa mango ndi owopsa kwa khungu la anthu.
Kutulutsa masamba obala zipatso
Momwe zinthu zilili m'nyumba, mtengo wa mango umakula ndi kubala zipatso kawirikawiri. Chowonadi n'chakuti ngakhale mu nyengo yabwino, maluwa ambiri (pafupifupi 90%) ndi amphongo. Pakati pa 10% otsala, mungu ndi njuchi ndi ntchentche zimachitika mwachisawawa.
Choncho, ngakhale mu chilengedwe, mwayi wotsekemera mungu si waukulu. Kunyumba, iwo ali pafupifupi zero. Choncho, pamene mukukula mtengo wa mango, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti mudzapeza chomera chobiriwira, chobiriwira, m'malo mokolola mango, ngati simukutsatira.
Ndikofunika kudzala impso kuchokera ku mtengo wa zipatso, ndiko kuti, zomwe zimakula m'chilengedwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, impso zomwe zili ndi mbali ya khungwa ziyenera kudulidwa, ndipo pa khungwa la mtengo wanu mu malo a inoculation, pangani mawonekedwe a kalata T. Kenaka, sungani mosamala impso ndi kukulunga ndi nsalu kapena tepi. Fruiting pambuyo pa ndondomeko n'zotheka pambuyo 1-2 zaka. Kujambula kumtengowo kuyenera kuchitidwa pamene thunthu la mtengo likulu ndi lokwanira kuti likhale ndi chipatso.
Matenda ndi Matenda
Mango amadziwika ndi matenda ambiri omwe amapezeka m'nyumba zonse. Kuwonjezera apo, kuzizira, kutentha kwa kutentha, kusowa kwa kuyatsa ndi chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri thanzi ndi kukongola kwa mtengo.
Matenda ambiri a mango ndi zolimbana nawo:
- Shchitovka. Pogwiritsa ntchito prophylaxis, chipinda chiyenera kuwonetsedwa, ndipo masamba ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse. Zina mwa mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ndi Actellic, Phosbecid, Aktara. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito sopo yothetsera masamba: mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi supuni ya sopo ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Tayang'anani masamba a mango kuti amve mowa mwauchidakwa.
- Aphid. Kuti tipikisane ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, ndi kofunikira kuti tithe kukonzekera kukonza zomera: "Karbofos", "Akarin", "Fitoverm", "Aktara", "Iskra".
- Ntchentche yoyera. Mafunde ofunda ndi amphepete mwa mango ndi abwino kuti azitha kumera mtundu wa whitefly. Pofuna kupewa zochitika za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino wa chipinda chikhale m'nyengo yozizira, osati kutonthoza mpweya. Mukhoza kumenyana ndi tizilombo mothandizidwa ndi misampha yapadera yamagulu, fumigators, mankhwala a sopo kapena mankhwala: Konfidor, Aktellik, Akarin.
- Mame a Mealy. Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsera chisamaliro - matenda a fungal nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Choponderetsa chotsitsa chiyenera kusinthidwa, asiye kusungunuka ndi botolo lazitsulo, kuthirani mtengo pokhapokha zouma zouma. Mankhwalawa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito "Readzol", "Vitaros", "Previkur". Kukonzekera kumeneku kumapangika mtengo.
- Anthracnose. Amakhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, nthaka yapamwamba Ph, potassium ndi phosphorus. Ngati chomeracho chikukhudzidwa kwambiri, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kupulumutsa. Pofuna kupeŵa kuipitsidwa kwa zomera zina zamkati, mtengo wodwalayo uyenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati mbali zina za mbeu zimakhudzidwa, zimayenera kudulidwa, kenako ndi milungu ingapo kuti apange mankhwala ndi mkuwa sulphate, "Readzol", "Previkur".
Zipatso zosungiramo zipatso
Ngati ndinu wotchuka kwambiri wa mango, nkofunika kudziwa momwe mungasungire zipatso kuti mutha kudya nawo nthawi yaitali.
- Ngati zipatso sizikulire mokwanira, ziyenera kusiya kuti zipse pamalo opatsa. Pezani pepala. Kuzindikira kukula kwa chipatso kungakhale mwa kukhalapo kwa fungo lokoma, kukoma kokoma, kapangidwe kafewa.
- Zipatso zokhwima mokwanira zikhoza kusungidwa m'firiji kwa masiku asanu, mu chidebe chachikulu, kumene zipatso zimatha "kupuma". Kugwiritsira ntchito matumba apulasitiki sikuloledwa.
- Pofuna kuteteza mango kwa miyezi ingapo, m'pofunika kuti mukhale kozizira. Zipatso ziyenera kutsukidwa, kuchotsa mwalawo, kudula mu magawo ang'onoang'ono.
Kukula mtengo wa mango panyumba ndi chokondweretsa. Chomeracho chikuwoneka chodabwitsa, sichifuna kusamalidwa kovuta, kumatsitsimula ndi kukongoletsa malo. Kukula mango kudzakhala chinthu chodabwitsa komanso chosangalatsa kwa inu!
