Muyeso wamakono ndi zamoyo zimakhala zovuta kupeza nthawi, mwachitsanzo, kusamalira maluwa, koma mukufunabe kukhala ndi zomera zamoyo pazenera. Choncho, anthu ambiri akufunafuna maluwa opanda ulemu omwe amatha kupirira, mwachitsanzo, kusowa kwa chinyezi kapena mavuto ena. Mitengo iyi ikuphatikizapo cactus. Tikufuna kukudziwitsani kwa woimira wina wodabwitsa wa banja lino. Chisamaliro chake chimakhala mwachoncho kuti sizitsulo ngati, koma pepala. Ziri pafupi kuwoloka.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Pereskiya (Lat Peresikia) ndi a banja la Cacti, koma pakuwonekera ndi chimodzimodzi ndi iwo: mmalo mwa singano ali ndi masamba akuluakulu. Komabe, kwa odwala botanist, izi si zachilendo, chifukwa amadziwa kuti kale pafupifupi cacti onse anali ndi masamba, ndipo nyengo yokhala yovuta komanso nyengo youma inkawapangitsa kukhala ofooka mpaka ku singano. 
Peresiki imakula ngati mawonekedwe a chitsamba chachikulu kapena mtengo wawung'ono, pali kukwera kwa mitundu. Pali minga pa tsinde. Masamba - wandiweyani, wokongola wobiriwira kapena wofiirira. Maonekedwe awo ndi oval kapena lanceolate. Masamba a masamba a mitunduyo amasiyana, amatha kukhala 1.5 cm mpaka 25 cm.
Zingakhale zothandiza kuti muphunzire zamatsenga za cactus, ndi mitundu iti yomwe ili yoyenera kubereka pakhomo, momwe mungasamalire chomera ichi, mwachitsanzo: momwe mungamwetse, kumenyana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, komanso tiphunzire zonse za kubzala mbeu ndi kufesa mbewu za cactus.
Pamene akukula, mtundu wokongola ndi wowala wa masambawo umatha, panthawi yopuma iwo amagwera pansi, ndipo thunthu limatenga ntchito zawo zonse. Mu tsamba la axils pali zitsulo ndi mitsempha. Minga imakula kaya imodzi kapena m'magulu.
Maluwa amapezeka m'chilimwe kapena m'dzinja. Maluwawo amawoneka mofanana ndi maluwa okwera. Mmodzi ndi mmodzi mungathe kukumana nawo mosavuta. Kawirikawiri amawonekera m'magulu. Mitundu yamitundumitundu imakhala ndi zonunkhira zabwino kwambiri.
Pambuyo maluwa, nthawi ya fruiting imayamba. Zipatso ndi zokometsera. Mkati mwa iwo muli mbewu zazikulu zakuda. Nthawi yotsalayo imakhala kuyambira October mpaka February.
Central ndi South America amaonedwa kuti ndi dziko lakwawo la mtanda Kwa nthawi yoyamba chomera ichi chinafotokozedwa mu 1703. Malongosoledwe operekedwa ndi Charles Plumiere. 
Maluwawo amatchedwa dzina la munthu wotchuka wa sayansi wa ku France Nikola-Claude de Peyresc. Karl Linnae anasankha chomera ku mtundu wa cacti. Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, mu 1754, katswiri wa sayansi yachingelezi wa ku England, Philip Miller, adatchula mtundu wosiyana, Pereschia.
Lerolino duwa ili limatchuka ndi alimi a maluwa a kunyumba. Ikhozanso kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka komanso m'malo obiriwira.
Mukudziwa? Cactus yaikulu padziko lonse lapansi imatengedwa kuti ndi yaikulu cereus, kutalika kwake kufika mamita 25, kulemera kwake kufika pa matani 10. Ndipo chomera chaching'ono kwambiri chotchedwa prickly ndi blassfeldia. Amatha kutalika kwa masentimita atatu mpaka atatu.
Zosiyanasiyana
Odyetsa amasiyanitsa mitundu 18 ya pereskis, yomwe ili ndi zitsamba zonse ndi mitengo. Tidzakuuzani za mitundu yochititsa chidwi ndi yowoneka pansipa.
Pereski amanyengerera
Cross cross (lat Pereskia aculeata) ali ndi mayina angapo - kuwoloka pa prickly, Mabulosi a Barbados. Chomerachi chimasiyana ndi mitundu ina mwachidziwitso chakuti chimakhala ndi ma liana, komanso kuti chimadya masamba ndi zipatso. Amatchula zitsamba zosasunthika. Kutchire, kumakula ku Panama, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya South America, ku Antilles.
Kutalika kwa phesi yomwe ikuwombera pang'onopang'ono imatha kufika mamita 10, m'nyumba zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi mamita atatu. Masamba a mtundu uwu ndi ovunda, akhoza kukhala a masentimita 3 mpaka 10 m'litali. Zotengera mitundu yofiira ndi yofiirira ya mbale pansi pa pepala. 
Pali zitsamba pa tsinde. Wakulirapo chomeracho, chochuluka kwambiri ndi chowopsa.
Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nthawi ya maluwa imayamba pa perisaceous prickly. Maluwawo amathika, amadzi ndi pinkish tinge. Mukhale ndi fungo labwino.
Pakati pa fruiting, zipatso zozungulira ndi zowirira za chikasu, lalanje kapena maluŵa ofiira ndi miyeso ya 1-2 masentimita awiri kuoneka. Mnofu wa chipatso ndi masamba angadye.
Kumalo otseguka mbewuyo yabzalidwa kuti ipange makoma okongola. Ifika pamtunda wake wokongoletsera kwambiri mu greenhouses.
Mukudziwa? Anthu ambiri amakonda kusonkhanitsa cacti. Mndandanda woyamba wa zomera zowonongeka zinasonkhanitsidwa mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 1600 ndi wazimayi wa ku London wotchedwa Morgan.
Pereskiya Godseffa
Pereskia Godseffa (lat Peresekia godseffiana) ali ndi zimbudzi zochepa zokhala ndi zakuda zakuda, kukula kwa magulu. Masambawa ali ozungulira, okhala ndi mbali yayitali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 6. Tsamba lakuya lamasamba ndilopaka utoto wobiriwira, malo ake - mumthunzi wakuda. Masamba a masamba otsika amakhala ndi pinki kapena zofiirira.
Pakati pa maluwa, sing'anga-kakulidwe maluwa a mtundu woyera kapena kirimu amapangidwa. 
Nthawi zina mtanda wa Godseff umasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Peresiya lalanje
Pereskiya lalanje (lat. Pereskia bleo) limakula kuchokera 2 mpaka 8 mamita. Zitsamba zazing'ono zimaphimbidwa ndi makungwa a maolivi. Mimba mwake imafikira 15 cm.
Masamba ndi aakulu ndi mitsempha yosiyana. Khalani pa petioles yaitali. Pa maluwa, lowala lalanje lalikulu maluwa ndi awiri a 5-6 masentimita amapangidwa kunja, iwo amafanana maluwa.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge za 10-ke yotchuka kwambiri kuzimitsa cacti.
Zipatsozi zimakhala zofanana komanso zimakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa la chinanazi. Zosayenera kwa chakudya.
Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka ku Panama ndi Colombia kumtunda wa mamita 400-900 pamwamba pa nyanja. Amakula mwakuya ku Malaysia chifukwa chokongoletsa ndi mankhwala. 
Anthu ammudzi amakhulupirira kuti masamba a orange peresya ndi abwino kwambiri poletsa matenda a m'mimba ndi khansa ya khansa. Komanso ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa mavuto, shuga wa magazi.
Pereschia Grandiflora
Pereschia Grandiflora, kapena zambiri zimagwedezeka (Lat. Pereskia grandiflora) kuthengo kumakula kufika mamita asanu m'litali ndi masentimita 20. Tsinde limaphimbidwa ndi minga zambiri 2-3 masentimita yaitali. Ndizovuta, mabokosi a mabokosi. Masamba atalikirana, mpaka masentimita 23 m'litali. Khalani pa petioles mpaka 1.2 masentimita. Amagwa pansi kutentha kwa 10 ° C.
Monga momveka kuchokera ku mitundu ya zamoyo, maluwa a oimirawo ndi aakulu. Khalani ndi mtundu wofiira wa pinki. Anasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences wa 10-20 zidutswa, akhoza kukula yekha. Komabe, maluwa okongola a malingaliro okongolawa angapezeke kokha powasamalira bwino. 
Pereschia Weber
Weber Perescia (lat Pereskia webehana) amapanga tchire tating'ono tomwe timapanga timatabwa ta bonsai. Kutalika kwa tsinde kufika pa mamita 1 mpaka 3, mamita - mpaka 12 masentimita. Mphuno ya zomera imakula. Masambawa ndi ochepa, omangirizidwa ku phesi popanda cuttings.
Maluwa mwa mitundu iyi ndi yochuluka. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono - mpaka 2 masentimita awiri, mtundu wa pinki. Maluwa otalika, amatha kuyambira pakati pa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. 
Zosamalira
Peresi ikhoza kutchedwa chikhalidwe chodzichepetsa, komabe, kuti icho chibale maluwa ndi kukondweretsedwa ndi kukongoletsa kwake, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa zomwe amakonda pa kubzala ndi kusamalira.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Pereskiya - chomera chowala. Malo abwino kwambiri a malo ake ndiwindo lazenera, lomwe likuyang'ana kum'mwera. Komabe, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti masamba ndi maluwa sizimagwera dzuwa, mwinamwake akhoza kuwotcha. Choncho, chomera chiyenera kukhala pritenyat.
Ndikofunikira! Chomeracho chidzapulumuka mu kuwala kochepa, mwachitsanzo, mu kuya kwa chipinda, koma chidzaphuka kokha ndi kuwala kokwanira mokwanira.
M'nyengo yotentha, maluwa amatha kufotokozera mpweya watsopano, komabe, mthunzi wa dzuŵa ndikutuluka mvula.
Ngati mulibe khonde kapena loggia, ndiye kuti chipinda chimene maluwawo amakula chiyenera kutuluka nthawi zambiri. 
Pamene tsikulo lifupika kwambiri, chomeracho chingaperekedwe kuunikira kwina kwa maola 10.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kwa kukula kwa crossbreed ndi 22-23 ° C. Panthawi yopuma, ndibwino kuchepetsa kutentha kutsika kufika +15 ° C (m'dzinja), kenako mpaka 12-14 (m'nyengo yozizira). Kutentha kwakukulu kumene zomera zimatha kusuntha ndi +10 ° C.
Kusunga ozizira nyengo m'nyengo yozizira ndi chitsimikizo kuti duwa lidzakula pachimake.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Pakuti pereski kutentha kwa mpweya sizomwe zimayambitsa kukula bwino. Idzayanjanitsidwa ndi kutsika kochepa, koma zidzakhala zokongola kwambiri ndi kupopera mbewu nthawi zina ndi madzi ozizira.
Maluwa amathirira pamene mpweya wapamwamba wa dziko mu mphika umauma. Poyamba nyengo yochepa, nambala ya ulimi wothirira iyenera kuchepetsedwa, mwinamwake mungathe kuyambitsa matenda a fungal. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika kawirikawiri - kamodzi kapena kawiri pa mwezi, mwinamwake masamba ayamba kutha.
Ndikoyenera kuthirira madzi ndi madzi otentha omwe achotsedwa pamphepete kapena ndi madzi otungunuka. Ngati madziwa ndi ovuta, amafunika kuchepetsedwa powonjezera acetic kapena citric asidi.
Nthaka
Pakulima gwiritsani ntchito gawo lapansi la zigawo zotsatirazi:
- tsamba lapansi - magawo awiri;
- dothi-kuzungulira nthaka - magawo awiri;
- humus - magawo awiri;
- mchenga wa mtsinje - gawo limodzi.
Acidity imafunika yofooka - 5-6 pH.Chophimba chachikulu chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chodzala kuti chikhale choyenera bwino chomera mizu.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Pambuyo pa nthawi yopuma, ndiko kuti, kuyambira March, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza zosungirako zopangidwa ndi cacti, koma ndi mlingo wafupika ndi theka.
Kudyetsa komaliza kumene kunachitika mu September. M'tsogolomu, iwo adzakhala osatetezeka pa kukula ndi kukula kwa zomera, pambali pake, akhoza kuyambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa.
Ngati mukufuna kuthira maluwa ndi feteleza mchere, ndiye kuti nayitrojeni iyenera kutengedwa muyezo wosachepera kuti zisawononge mizu.
Kuwaza
Young zomera amaikidwa chaka chilichonse. Kuwedza kumachitika mu kasupe, nyengo isanayambe, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yopititsa patsogolo. Ndi kusindikiza kulikonse kukatenga mphika waukulu. Zitsamba zazikulu zimaikidwa kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo ozizira, amdima komanso osaphimbidwa masiku angapo.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti kukula kwa mtanda, pamene kubzala ndi kusindikizidwa, munthu sayenera kuiwala zagona mu mphika.
Kubereka
Kubereka kumachitika m'njira ziwiri:
- Mbewu.
- Cuttings.
Mu malo okhala, ndithudi, ndi bwino kufalitsa ndi cuttings. Cuttings kwa kubzala ayenera kusankha achinyamata, osati pano yokutidwa ndi nkhuni. Amadulidwa m'nyengo yamasika kapena chilimwe. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi node imodzi. 
Pambuyo kudula, cuttings ndi mizu mu miphika ndi yonyowa peat ndi perlite. Mukhozanso kuika mu mtsuko wa madzi, koma kupanga kutentha kwa filimuyi. Ndipo muyeso ndi yachiwiri, mizu iyenera kuyembekezera kuyambira masiku 15 mpaka 20. Pakuti rooting cuttings, muyenera kutentha kutentha + 25-28 ° C
Mbewu imabzalidwa mu kasupe muli. Ayenera kumera ndi kuwala kosawonetsa ndipo kutentha sikukuposa +21 ° C. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira, iwo amalowa m'miphika yosiyana. Kenaka ndi iwo omwe amachita zofanana ndi zomera zakukula.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi kuthirira mochuluka chomeracho kungavunda mizu. Kupewa vuto ili ndikusowa pamene mukudzala ndikuika madzi abwino, omwe amachotsa chinyezi chowonjezera. Komanso yesetsani kutsata ndondomeko mukamwetsa.
Nthaŵi zina mapesi a pereska angapangidwe ndi nkhungu ndi kuchepa. Zikuwoneka ngati kugonjetsedwa kwa imvi zowola. Amamera pammera, ngati ikukula nthawi zonse pamtambo wautali komanso kusapezeka kwake. Mukangoyamba kumenyana ndi matendawa, kupambana kumakhala zotsatira zake.
Pambuyo pozindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda, kusiya kuyimiritsa ndi kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Mufunikiranso chithandizo ndi kukonzekera kwapadera.
Chomeracho chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi systemic fungicides kapena osakaniza 2% sopo banja ndi 0.2% mkuwa sulphate, yankho la "Fundazole" (0.2%), kukonzekera "Topsin-M" (0.1%). Patapita milungu iwiri, mankhwalawa ayenera kubwerezedwa.
Werengani zambiri za fungicides yotchuka kwambiri m'nyumba ya floriculture.
Pa tizirombo pa mtanda, mealybugs ndizofunikira. Amayamwa timadzi timene timatulutsa, chifukwa chomera chimatha kufa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: mawotchi - pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kupopera mankhwala ndi njira yapadera ("Aktellik", "Rogor", "Aktara"), mankhwala ochiritsira ndi sopo mowa mankhwala, garlic tincture, olive emulsion.
Nkhupakupa, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi tizilombo timene timayambitsa pereski. Amakhalanso ndi thandizo la "chemistry" (kukonzekera "Fitoverm", "Aktovit", "Vermitek", "Apollo") ndi mankhwala ochiritsira (mankhwala a sopo, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kuwonongeka kwa cyclamen).
Mavuto akukula
Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kukula pereski. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- kudodometsa - kawirikawiri zimapezeka chifukwa cha madzi okwanira kapena zochepa kwambiri zomwe duwa limakula. Vutoli liyenera kuchoka mwamsanga mutangomaliza kuthirira madziwo ndikupiritsa mbewu;
- Kuwombera, kuwonjezeka kwa kutalika kwa internodes - chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, m'pofunika kusankha malo ena a duwa, kuunikira kwambiri, kapena kuika zowonjezera zowonjezera;
- masamba a blanching - chizindikiro cha kuunika kwakukulu. Ndikofunika kuti pritenit mphika ndi chomera.
Choncho, ngati mukuyang'ana chomera chokongola ndi chodzichepetsa chimene chiyenera kukongoletsa nyumba, ndiye crosshair cactus ndi yabwino kwa ntchitozi.The cacti imaphatikizaponso: mammillaria, aloe, ripsalis, echinocactus Gruzoni, hymnocalicium, maluwa Decembrist, hatiora, epiphyllum, opuntia.
Amadziwika ndi maluwa aatali komanso oyambirira, kukula mofulumira, fungo losangalatsa. Komanso, thunthu lake silikongoletsedwa ndi minga, koma ndi masamba, omwe sali achilendo kwa oimira cacti.
