Timabzala strawberries kugwa molondola

Mabulosi abwino kwambiri, okoma kwambiri, onunkhira onunkhira amachokera pansi pa masamba obiriwira pamunda wake wokhazikika - omwe alimi wamaluwa ndi osamalira wamaluwa akuyembekezera zochitika izi. Strawberry imatsegula kasupe-kasupe mabulosi nyengo ndi maonekedwe ake ndipo imadzaza thupi, lomwe lafooka m'nyengo yozizira, ndi mavitamini, antioxidants ndi zinthu zina zothandiza. Kodi kupanga strawberries kuonekera kale ndi kubereka zipatso yaitali? Chinsinsi chachikulu ndi kubzala bwino. Tiyeni tiganizire izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Ubwino wodzala strawberries mu kugwa

Kudyetsa kwadzu kwa strawberries kumawopsya ambiri wamaluwa ndi zotheka kuzizira kwa mbande ndipo, motero, kutayika kwa mbewu. Komabe, munda wamtundu uwu umadzazidwa ndi chisanu amalekerera mosavuta ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri. Kupanda chipale chofewa kukhoza kubwezeredwa ndi mulching, ndipo m'chaka tidzakhala ndi malo abwino a sitiroberi opanda ntchito yaikulu.

Mukudziwa? Froberries - mabulosi okhawo padziko lapansi, omwe mbewuzo zili kunja, osati monga mwachizoloŵezi - mkati.

Zowonekeratu ubwino wodzala m'dzinja:

• M'nthaka yotentha kwambiri m'chilimwe, udzu wambiri umayamba bwino;
• chisankho chachikulu chodzala zakuthupi m'nyengo ya autumn;
• Mitengo imakula msanga ndikukula;
• Mitengo yoyenera imabereka kukolola koyambirira;
• M'gedi mabedi a sitiroberi amafunikira khama komanso chidwi.

Pamene kudzala strawberries mu autumn

Mwachikhalidwe kumayambiriro kwa autumn kumatengedwa nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala strawberriesNthaka ikadali yotentha, koma kulibe kutentha kwa chilimwe, ndipo nyengo yozizira ili kutali, ndi sitiroberi zitsamba zidzakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndikukula. Komabe, zizindikiro za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi malo anu zingakhudze kwambiri nthawi yobzala.

Werengani komanso za teknoloji ya kuika strawberries mu chisamaliro cha autumn ndi yophukira.

Masiku a kalendala

Kutentha kwadzinja kwa strawberries kungakhale:

• oyambirira (pakati pa August mpaka pakati pa September);
• pakati (kumapeto kwa September - pakati pa mwezi wa October);
• mochedwa (kumatha mwezi umodzi pamaso pa chisanu choyamba).

Kumayambiriro ndi kusamba kwa mbeu kumatengedwa kukhala opindulitsa kwambiri., ndikufika mofulumira kumakhala koopsa kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuganiza nthawi yoyamba ya chisanu. Kumayambiriro kwa chisanu kumapweteka mbande, kuchititsa tchire kubala chipatso kwambiri m'chaka.

Phunzirani zambiri za chisamaliro cha sitiroberi kumapeto kwa nyengo (nthawi zambiri, feteleza), panthawi ya maluwa, mutatha kukolola.

Nthawi yabwino yobzala imatsimikizika potengera kayendetsedwe ka sitiroberi. Mitundu yambiri yamitunduyi imamveka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kutuluka kwa mizu kumakhala pakati ndi kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ndipo mapangidwe a zipatso amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Kudziwa za mithunziyi ndi nyengo ya dera linalake kumapangitsa kuti muzitha kubzala strawberries m'kupita kwanthawi, yomwe, ndi kuthirira ndi kusamalira bwino, ikhoza kukula ndi kupeza zipatso pamaso pa chisanu.

Ndikofunikira! Ndi kupuma kwa autumn, mitundu ya remontant iyenera kuperekedwa chifukwa cha kukolola kwachiwiri, popeza kuti re-fruiting nthawi zonse zimagwirizana ndi mapangidwe atsopano.

Mavuto a nyengo

Tsiku lotentha lotentha siloyenera kubzala strawberries. Musayambe kubzala ndi mvula yambiri. Njira yabwino ingakhale tsiku lotsatira pambuyo pa mvula yochepa. - choncho nthaka imakhuta mokwanira, koma sizingagwedezeke kuti ifike m'matumba. Nthawi yamadzulo ndi yabwino kuti ikamatsetsere, komanso ngati nyengo imakhalapo - pakati pa tsiku. M'mawa, kubzala sikuvomerezedwa, monga dzuwa likhoza kuwononga mbande.

Zizindikiro za dera

Nthawi yeniyeni yobzala ikhoza kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi dera ndi nyengo yake. Mwachitsanzo, m'matawuni, nthawi yoyenera kubzala strawberries ikuchokera kumapeto kwa July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September, komanso ku Far East, ndi nyengo yabwino, nyengoyi ikhoza kutha mpaka kumapeto kwa September. Madera akumwera a Russia, Ukraine, ndi Moldova amaloledwanso kubzala isanafike November, pamene ku Siberia kuli koyenera kukonzanso kubzala pakati pa mwezi wa August, kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe, popeza chisanu choyamba chimatha kunyalanyaza zonse zomwe alimi akulima.

Mukudziwa? Ndimu kwambiri sucrose kuposa strawberries!

Kumene mungabzalidwe pa webusaitiyi

Malo abwino kwambiri pa bedi la sitiroberi ndi mphepo imateteza dzuwa kunjapopeza mabulosi amakula mumthunzi umabala pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndipo amalephera kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira! Kuti sitiroberi chipatso bwino, sichiri cholimbikitsidwa kuti chikule pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zoposa zinayi.

Zokolola zabwino zitha kupezeka pa nthaka yakuda, mchenga wa mchenga ndi nthaka ya loamy. Pa malo amchenga kapena dongo, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zoipira. Nkhalango yotchedwa strawberries siikwanira. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chikanakhala malo omwe zidzukuluzo zidakula (nyemba, mbewu, ndi cruciferous). Ngati mukukonzekera malo ogula sitiroberi kubzala m'chaka ndikuphwanya mabedi ndi mbewu izi, mungathe kukolola manureds wobiriwira ndipo panthawi yomweyi pulumutsani feteleza sitiroberi, chifukwa nthaka idzapindula ndi nayitrogeni ndi zakudya zina. Koma atatha tomato, nkhaka, mbatata, kabichi, tsabola ndi eggplants, asterinaceous ndi buttercups, sitiroberi sayenera kubzalidwa, chifukwa zomera izi zimakhala ndi tizirombo zomwe zimatha kukhala pansi.

Ngati muli ndi chiwembu chaching'ono, mungathe kupanga bedi la piramidi kapena bedi lokulitsa strawberries.

Momwe mungasankhire mbande zabwino

Pakuti kubzala strawberries kungagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• kugula mbande zokonzeka (mbande zosiyanasiyana);
• kubzala zinthu kuchokera ku mabedi (zitsulo ndi mabowo).

Ndikofunikira! Mbande ziyenera kukhala kulima komweko, chifukwa mbande zomwe zimakula m'dera lofunda zimakhala zovuta kukhazikika m'madera ozizira.

Kuwoneka kwa mbande zabwino

Sitiroberi yamera yabwino yoyenera kubzala ali ndi thanzi labwino labwino la 3-5 ndi mphukira zoyera kuchokera pa 7 mpaka 10 cm kutalika. Kufunikirako kuyenera kuperekedwa ku tchire ndi mizu ya m'mimba mwake mamita 6 mm. Mbeu zokonzedwa bwino zogulidwa kapena zotengedwa kuchokera kwa oyandikana nazo ziyenera kubzalidwa posachedwa kapena zitakhazikitsidwa pamalo osungira mumtambo wosasuntha.

Kubzala zinthu kuchokera pabedi lanu la kumunda

Kuti mupeze apamwamba kwambiri chodzala zakuthupi kuchokera pabedi, m'pofunika kusankha bwino fruiting chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri-zaka sitiroberi baka ndi prikopat woyamba 2-3 diverges. Zidzakhala zosavuta kuti muthane ndi kubwerako kanthawi kochepa, ngati mutayika masewera anu nthawi yomweyo kuti mukhale ndi chidebe chokhachokha (mwachitsanzo, kapu ya pulasitiki).

Pambuyo pa rooting, m'pofunika kutsitsa tizinthu zomwe zimakula, kotero kuti zowonjezera zimapezekanso kuchokera kwa mayi a chitsamba. Khalani osiyana kwambiri ndi tchire kakang'ono kale musanabzala.

Musanayambe kugwira ntchito

Ntchito yoyamba kubzala imayambira pasadakhale ndipo ikukonzekera malo ndi kubzala.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Nthaka pa bedi la sitiroberi iyenera kukhala yachonde, ndi acidity mu maunite 5-6.5 ndi tebulo la madzi losapitirira 60 cm.

Phunzirani momwe mungazindikire acidity ya nthaka pa siteti, kuchotsani nthaka.

Popeza kuti zochokera m'nthaka zimawonongeka m'nyengo ya chilimwe, tiyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti tipeze dothi tisanayambe kubzala.

Zomwe mungachite kuti mukonzekere bwino nthaka ya kubzala:

1. Chotsani namsongole mosamala pa webusaitiyi.
2. Fufuzani mabedi a mtsogolo kwa tizirombo. Mukawona tizilombo akuluakulu kapena mphutsi, tithandizeni nthaka ndi ammonium nitrate kapena zinthu zina zofunikira kuti zisawonongeke zogulitsidwa m'masitolo.
3. Pasanathe milungu iwiri isanayambe, yongolani malowa mpaka 25-30 cm.
4. Sungani mabedi amtsogolo nthawi yomweyo ndikumba. Nkhumba ndi umoyo wa feteleza molunjika zimadalira mtundu wa nthaka. Kawirikawiri, amagwiritsa ntchito manyowa 5 kapena 20 a manyowa pa 1 sq. Km. m chiwembu. Manyowa, kompositi kapena superphosphate komanso feteleza fetashi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mukamera kwambiri nthaka, feteleza yochepa imayenera.
5. Nthawi yomweyo musanadzalemo mbande, dothi liyenera kukhala lakuya masentimita 15.

Mbande kukonzekera

Kukonzekera kwa mbande ndi bwino kuyambitsa sabata isanayambe kutsogolo komwe ndikuyang'ana, ndikutsatiridwa ndi:

• chotsani mapepala owonjezera pa sapling, kusiya zidutswa zitatu kapena zisanu;
• kuchepetsa mizu yaitali mpaka masentimita 10;
• Kupanga fungicides motsutsana ndi matenda a fungal;
• tulukani m'malo ozizira, osadetsedwa ndi nthaka, atakulungidwa mu moss kapena kutenga njira zina zotsutsana;
• pafupi ola lisanayambe kubzala, mbande ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi kumera bwino.

Mizu ikhoza kuthiridwa:

• mu adyo kulowetsedwa - kuwopseza tizirombo;
• pokhapokha pothandizira dongo kuti ateteze mizu kuti ikhale yowuma ndi kuonetsetsa kuti pakhale moyo wabwino;
• pa kukula kwa biostimulant - kuti ukhale ndi mizu yabwino komanso chitukuko cha chitsamba.

Pambuyo pake, kukonzekera kwa mbande kungatengedwe kutha.

Yolani zoyenera

Pali mitundu itatu ya sitiroberi yobzala:

1. Gnezdovaya. Pakatikati mwa chitsamba chapakati pamtunda wa masentimita 30, zina zisanu ndi chimodzi zimabzalidwa pakati pa mpakana 45 cm.Chiwembu chimenechi ndi choyenera kuti azitsatira ndizitsulo, ndikupatsanso malo okhala.
2. Chophimba. Mitengo imabzalidwa ndi chovala cholimba ndi mtunda wa 20-30 masentimita pakati pawo. Ndondomekoyi ili yoyenera kwa mabedi ang'onoang'ono.

3. Zachilendo. Mitengo imabzalidwa m'mizere, mtunda wa pakati pa 40 ndi 70 masentimita, kusiyana pakati pa tchire kumakhala masentimita 20 mpaka 30. Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi minda yayikulu ndi kukula kwa strawberries pazophimba.

Ndikofunikira! Posankha kusiyana pakati pa tchire, m'pofunika kukumbukira zenizeni za mbande zosiyanasiyana, popeza mitundu yofalitsa imafuna malo ambiri kusiyana ndi zowonongeka.

Kubzala pamalo otseguka

Zotsatira zochitika motsatira:

1. Smooth ndi kumasula nthaka, onetsetsani malo a mizera ndi mabowo, malingana ndi dongosolo lomwe lasankhidwa.
2. Dulani mabowo ndi kuya kwa 10-15 masentimita (osachepera kutalika kwa mizu), yomwe imayenera kuthiriridwa, ngati kutuluka sikukuchitika mvula itatha.
3. Ground kuchokera ku mabowo akhoza kusakanizidwa ndi kompositi ndi manyowa ovunda ngati nthaka isanayambe kubereka kale.
4. Kuti apange pakatikati pa dzenje lakuda la dziko lapansi.
5. Ikani mmera pamwamba pa chitunda, kufalitsa mizu pamapiri ake.
6. Pogwiritsa ntchito shrub, pang'onopang'ono mudzaze pansi kuti muzu wa mizu (malo omwe masamba amakula kuchokera) umathamanga pansi.
7. Khalani mopepuka ndi wochuluka, koma mokoma kutsanulira.
8. Dziko lapansi limasulidwa kuti athe kupeza mpweya wabwino ndi madzi.
9. Gaya pamwamba pa peat kapena humus.

Zolemba zowonekera

Kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zobzala strawberries kuli ndi ubwino wake:

• kumatulutsa nthaka ndi kutsukitsa;
• imateteza tchire kuchokera kuzizira, chilala, mvula, chipale chofewa ndi zochitika zina zachirengedwe;
• salola kuti namsongole akule;
• salola kulola miyendo yamphongo yowonjezera;
• amateteza masamba ku tizirombo ndi kuvunda;
• mabulosi amakhalabe oyera.

Nkhaniyi iyenera kusinthidwa pokhapokha patapita zaka 3-4, ndiko kuti, panthawi imodzimodziyo ndi kusamba kwa sitiroberi, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi filimu ya polyethylene (yofiira, yofiira kapena yakuda), agrofibre (spunbond, agrospan, lutrasil, etc.), ruberoid mulch, organic mulch (pine zinyalala, udzu, perepery utuchi) kapena zomera zamoyo (monga nasturtium, adyo, mpiru, parsley). Kukonzekera dothi lodzala pazinthu zakuthupi kuli kosiyana ndi kukonzekera kubzala pamalo otseguka. Pambuyo pa ntchito yokonzekera, derali liri ndi zinthu zofunikira, zomwe zili m'mphepete mwake zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi matabwa, miyala kapena zitsulo zamkuwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito zofunda, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe zilili pafupi ndi nthaka. Kusamaliridwa mokwanira kwa zinthuzo pansi kumathetsa ubwino wake wonse. Kenaka, pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, m'pofunikira kupanga mabala pamwamba pa mabowo, pambuyo pake mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa mmenemo.

Phunzirani zambiri za zinthu za sitiroberi mulching, mitundu ya mulch ndi malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito.

Organic mulch wophimbidwa ndi baka kale obzalidwa, ndi ntchito zamoyo zomera monga chophimba zakuthupi ndi bwino kasupe kubzala strawberries.

Video: autumn sitiroberi kubzala pansi pa zofunda

Aftercare mu kugwa

Kusamalira mbande mutabzala zithupsa kuti mupereke zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuti mwamsanga rooting ndi kulimbikitsa achinyamata baka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi.

1. Kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka. Masiku khumi oyambirira akulimbikitsidwa kuthirira madzi a sitiroberi nthawi zambiri, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a madzi ofunda kuchokera kumadzi okwanira, poyesera kuti asagwe pa masamba. Nthawi yabwino yothirira ndi m'mawa. Pambuyo pa rooting, kuthirira n'kofunika nthawi zambiri (kawiri kapena katatu patsiku kokwanira), koma mochuluka.
2. Kuyeretsa namsongole ndi kuchotsa matayala.
3. Chitetezo cha tchire kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Kuti muchite izi, ndizokwanira kuthana ndi masamba ndi nthaka ndi njira yapadera ("Karbofos", mkuwa chloroxide kapena Bordeaux mowa). Othandizira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangira mankhwala amapereka zothandizira zitsamba zokhala ndi malita khumi a madzi ofunda, supuni ziwiri za phulusa, supuni zitatu zowonjezera mafuta a masamba, supuni ziwiri za viniga ndi magalasi awiri a sopo.
4. Zowonjezerapo zowonjezera chisanu chisanafike Mtengo wa mulch sayenera kukhala wosachepera 5 masentimita. Peat, udzu kapena utuchi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa izi, koma lapnik ndiyo njira yotchuka kwambiri komanso yabwino.

Froberries akhoza kukhudzidwa ndi bulauni malo, fusarium ndi wowoneka bwino; nematodes, weevil.

Video: autumn sitiroberi kubzala

Ngati zonsezi zithetsedwa, tchire la sitiroberi lidzakhala lamphamvu ndipo lidzakhala bwino nthawi yozizira. M'chaka, ziyenera kuchotsa mulch ndi kuchotsa masentimita atatu kuchokera pamwamba pa dothi kuti muthe kuchotsa tizilombo toononga, kumasula nthaka bwino ndi kuchotsa mapepala owuma ndi opunduka. Choncho, pokhala ndi ntchito yaikulu m'dzinja, mukhoza kukhala ndi bedi lokonzekera maluwa ndi fruiting masika. Strawberries ndithudi amayamikira chisamaliro chanu ndipo adzakondwerani inu ndi zipatso zawo zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira.