M'mawonekedwe athu, mulu wa bowa ukukula, koma anthu owerengeka amautenga mozama. Iyi ndi nkhani yovuta, yofuna kudziwa ndi kudziwa kwina. Pambuyo pake, ngakhale mu chipululu choyera bwino, mungathe kuona bowa "lokayikira", lomwe limawoneka ngati lofanana ndi losatha, koma nthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi ilo. Mmodzi mwa mitundu imeneyi ndi ophatikiza omwe akuyenera kufotokoza mosiyana.
Mfundo zambiri
Pusheriwo akuyandama - Ili ndi gawo lonse la bowa kuchokera ku mtundu wa Amanita. Chifukwa cha "ubale" umenewu womwe wapatsidwa kudya zakudya. 
Zowonongeka zimaonedwa ngati bowa wapakati. Nazi awo zinthu zazikulu:
- Hat imakula kufika pa masentimita 10-12 masentimita ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a belu wozungulira kapena ozungulira. Pamene ikukula, imakhala yopanda phokoso, ndipo chibwibwichi chimayambira pakati.
- Zambiri zodyera gawo lapakati, pamene m'mphepete mwawo muli ochepa.
- Mtundu wa Hat akhoza kukhala woyera, imvi, bulauni, bulauni kapena lalanje. Mulimonsemo, kumtunda ndi kosalala ndi kowala.
- Osauka ndi osalimba zamkati akadulidwa, samasintha mtundu, amakhala woyera (ngakhale kuti mthunzi wa kirimu umapezeka pamphepete mwa kapu).
- Mwendo 6-15 masentimita pamwamba ndi 2 cm mwake - yosalala kapena yokutidwa ndi chokongoletsera (yaing'ono patina). M'mbali ya pansiyi imafikitsa pang'ono, koma popanda kutupa komwe kumakhala kwa bowa wina. Mabala: zoyera, zoyera kapena zofanana ndi zipewa.
- Hmbale zopangidwa mozungulira. M'malo owonjezera mbale zing'onozing'ono zikuwoneka. Mu "Achinyamata" iwo ali oyera, ndipo muzochitika zakale - ndi chikasu chachikasu.
- Zotsalira zafilimu (Volvo) kumizidwa m'nthaka ndikuwonekera m'munsi mwa bowa. Chifaniziro chawo chokwanira chikwama chimagwira diso.
Ndikofunikira! Bowa wosadyetsedwa sali okonzeka kusonkhanitsa pafupi ndi misewu yambiri, sitima, komanso m'nkhalango pafupi ndi midzi.Omwe amapeza bowa amadziwa kuti podyera zakudya zimakhala ndi khalidwe lina, monga kusakhala mphete pamlendo. Ambiri akusocheretsa filimuyi kapena ziwombankhanga pamutu - sizikhala zosavuta ndipo zimachotsedwa mosavuta.
Phindu la zakudya
Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yawo ya thanzi komanso kukula kwa thupi, malo oyandama amatchulidwa monga bowa, kawirikawiri amadya (otchedwa IV gulu). Ndiko kuti, sakuyimira mtengo wapadera. 
Komabe, iwo ali ndi mapuloteni apamwamba, mafuta monga mawonekedwe a polyunsaturated ndi makapu. Pali mavitamini a gulu B, komanso phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.
Dziwitseni ndi mitundu ya bowa yotchuka, makamaka monga flakefish, cheesy, shiitake, russula, poplar rowing, boletus bowa, chanterelles, truffle wakuda, redhead, aspen, bowa woyera, uchi agaric.
Monga bowa onse, amadziwika kuti ndi otsika kwambiri (20-30 kcal pa 100 g, malingana ndi mtundu ndi processing).
Ndingapeze kuti kuti?
M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, mfuti imakula m'mapiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana (coniferous, mixed, deciduous). Komanso amapezeka pamphepete mwazitali kapena udzu wamtali.
Mukudziwa? Kumadera a kumpoto kwa America, kumera kukuda, komwe kumatchedwa kuti mfumu: kukula kwake ndi masentimita 15 (ndipo ili ndi kutalika kwa mwendo wa 25-27 cm).Mitundu ina imakula kamodzi, pamene ena nthawi zambiri amapita m'magulu. Kawirikawiri, bowa-kuyandama imatha kuoneka pa mapiri ndi nthaka yosavuta. Malo ena omwe mumakonda kwambiri a mitundu ina ndi pafupi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yamitengo kapena birch.
Mitundu ya bowa
Mitundu yambiri yodyedwa ndi yodetsedwa imvi pusher.
Zitha kuzindikiridwa ndi mtundu wake wa imvi kapena ocher, yaing'ono (4-8 masentimita) ndi kapu yosalala. Pafupi ndi pakati pa mthunzi mumdima. Fomu yooneka ngati belu, mobwerezabwereza - yopanda kanthu, koma nthawi zonse ndi nsonga.
Mimba (pafupifupi 5-12 masentimita) imayikidwa mu White volvo ndipo ilibe mphete kwenikweni. Mitundu yake imasiyana - yoyera, beige, imvi. Ma mbalewo ndi omasuka, khala ndi mtundu woyera.
Nthawi yabwino yosonkhanitsa - kuyambira July mpaka October. Khalani limodzi ndi limodzi, lomwe likulipiridwa ndi chiwerengero chachikulu.
M'madambo pali zochitika za mizere ina ndi kukula kwake, monga:
- Tani bulaunizomwe zimasangalatsa ndi chipewa chake. Mphepete pamphepete mwake, pang'onopang'ono umasintha mtundu wake kuti ukhale wofiirira, ndipo timatengo tating'ono ta malalanje timaphatikizidwa, zomwe zimakhala pakati. Volva ndi brownish m'munsi, ndipo palibe mphete pa mwendo.
- Zotsatira safironi. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kapu ya lalanje-lalanje yomwe ili ndi mdima pakati. Mtundu womwewo ndi wobadwa mwendo (komanso woyera). Masamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chikasu. Zimapezeka mobwerezabwereza, makamaka m'mabampu (onse amodzi ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono).
- Umber chikasu (iye ndi amanita wa Battarra) ali ndi malo amdima ndi azungu-azitona kapena tsitsi lofiirira "malire". Mukhosi ndi cap ndi miyeso yaing'ono, kumizidwa mumdima woyera wa Volvo.
- White. Pazitsulo zopanda pake, chipewa chokhala ndi chikhomo chokhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu chimakhala chapakati (nthawi zina mpaka masentimita 10). Mnofu wonyezimira ndi wosasunthika ndipo umagwedeza bwino. Mitundu yambiri, imakula m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zowonongeka, mumitengo ya birch (yomwe imapanga mycorrhiza).
- Chipale chofewa. Mitengo yaing'ono kwambiri - ndi tsinde la masentimita 7 mpaka 10, kukula kwa kapu kumasiyana ndi 3-7. Bowa wachinyamata amasonyeza ziphuphu zooneka bwino. Ali ndi zaka, amatha, ndipo mtundu wa miyendo ukusintha: kuchokera ku zoyera zimasanduka imvi yakuda. Mzerewu sungaphunzire pang'ono, ndipo ngakhale otola bowa omwe akudziwika kawirikawiri amapitirira kudutsa.
Mitundu yambiri yosawerengeka imaperekedwa. zolemba, azitona ndi kutsogolera makope. Mainawo amasonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu kwa bowa. Zoona, chifukwa cha kusadziŵa zambiri zimasokonezeka mosavuta ndi mitundu yoopsa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati bowa ali kukayikira, palibe chifukwa choti musadye chakudya.
Mmene mungasiyanitse ndi inedible ndi boizoni bowa
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zodziwika kwambiri ndi olemba mapepala - kufanana kwawo ndi mizere yosawerengeka (makamaka ndi ma agarics a ntchentche ndi zofiira zamoto).
Kupita ku "kusaka mwakachetechete" kukasonkhanitsa akuyandama, ndi bwino kukumbukira Makhalidwe apamwamba a mitundu, kudya:
- Kusakhala mphete pamlendo. Bowa wodyetsedwa alibe ngakhale mawonekedwe osadziŵika bwino.
- N'chimodzimodzinso ndi malamba a ndevu.
- Zotsalira za chivundikiro cha filimuyi, chomwe chimateteza kapu pa kukula.
- Amatchulidwa zipsera pamphepete mwawo (sizikuwonekeratu muzitsamba zoopsa).
- Kufooka kwa miyendo ndi kapu. Izi ndizochepa panthawi yopitako, koma njira yeniyeni yodziwira bowa uli m'manja mwako. Zakudya zimakhala zosavuta - kapu ndi mwendo woonda kwambiri umatha.
Mukudziwa? Bowa ndi olimba kwambiri: samawopa poizoni kapena kupanikiza (kufika pa 8 atm). Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuyesera komwe kuli pafupi ndi dziko lapansi kukusonyeza kuti amapulumuka pamtunda kufika mamita 30,000.N'zotheka kusiyanitsa pusher kuchoka ku toadstool ndi fungo - pamapeto pake nthawi zambiri amapeza zowonjezera zokoma za sugai (pamene bowa chodyera sichimveka bwino).
Video: momwe mungasiyanitsire pushers ku inedible ndi bowa chakupha
Ntchito Yophika
Mavuvu samakonda kwambiri bowa awa: kulawa iwo ali osiyana kwambiri, opanda "chowonekera" chapadera (chokhacho chokha ndi mawonekedwe oyera ndi kukoma kowonongeka).
Pali chifukwa cha izi: panthawi ya kukula, mankhwala amadzimadzi amasonkhanitsa mu thupi la chipatso, lomwe, ngati lisakonzedwe bwino, ndi lovulaza mmimba.
Zingakhale zothandiza kuti muphunzire momwe mungasamalire mowa moyenera: nyemba, bowa wa oyster, bowa wam'tchire, mchere, momwe mungasamalire, momwe mungamire bowa.
Kuti mupewe mavuto ngati amenewo, ndilofunika kusamalidwa bowa m'magulu angapo:
- Kuwonongeka kwa kuwonongeka.
- Kusambitsidwa bwino ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zikopa zowonongeka ndi kugwa.
- Kuphika kwa mphindi 45-50 (koma bwino kupirira ora).
Njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito musanaphike chakudya chokazinga ndi chophika ndi kutenga nawo mbali, komanso mikate ndi saladi. Ngati chosonkhanitsacho chikukonzekera ku pickling, ndiye scalding sikuchitika.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi yambiri yotenga mbale iliyonse ya bowa - maulendo awiri pa sabata. Anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndi chifuwa chachikulu, amayi omwe ali ndi pakati komanso omwe ali ndi pakati, komanso ana, amatsutsana kwambiri.
Kawirikawiri, bowawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chogwiritsira ntchito. supu. Kukonzekera kophika ndiko motere:
- Kutsuka kutsukidwa kumatsukidwa ndikuyikidwa mu mphika waukulu.
- Madzi a Bay awireni iwo kwa mphindi 45.
- Pambuyo pake, bowa amachotsedwa, kutsukidwa kachiwiri ndipo kenako nkuphwanyidwa.
- Kenaka ikani mbatata mu poto, finely akanadulidwa kaloti ndi bowa cubes mu poto.
- Zonsezi zimatsanulidwa ndi madzi, zonunkhira zimawonjezeredwa kuti zilawe ndi zophika kufikira mbatata zophika.
- Mu mbale yomaliza wodzazidwa ndi kirimu wowawasa, osaiwala zadulidwa amadyera.
Zowawa izi ndi zowonjezera mbatata yokazinga. Apa, palibe kuphika. Ngati mwaphonya mfundoyi, mlingo woopsa wa khansa imalowa mu thupi, ndipo zotsatira zake zingakhale zovuta kwambiri. 
Mwachidziwikire, kulondola ndi kuchenjeza pamene mukusonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku bowa ndikugwira nawo ntchito yoyenera kukhala yoyamba.
Tsopano inu mukudziwa omwe ali pushers, momwe iwo aliri ndi komwe angawafunire iwo. Tikuyembekeza kuti owerenga athu adzawonetsetsa luso labwino ndikudziwitsidwa ndi mphatso zotere za m'nkhalango zidzakhala zotetezeka. Dzizisamalire nokha ndikulola tsiku lililonse kubweretsa zabwino!
