Kusunga ng'ombe m'banja kumapindulitsa kwambiri, monga chinyama ichi chingakondweretse banja lonse ndi mankhwala abwino. Komabe, kuti muwapeze iwo nkofunika kuti musamalire komanso kudyetsa ziweto zanu, komanso kuti muzimwa mkaka bwino.
Zingamveke - nkhani yosavuta, koma kuchuluka kwa mkaka ndi chikhalidwe cha thupi la ng'ombe zimadalira kwambiri njira yogwiritsira ntchito.
Ndikofunika kuti tisagwirizane ndi chikhalidwe cha chinyama, komanso kuzindikiritsa za udzu wake, kuchuluka kwa mkaka womwe amatha kupereka.
Mwachidziwikire, mavitamini odziwa bwino ntchito amadziwanso njira zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera mkaka ndi mkaka wabwino womwe umatulutsa, zomwe tidzakambirana nanu mosangalala.
Timakonzekera osati tokha, komanso kukonzekeretsa ng'ombe kuti ikwaniritsidwe
Musanayambe kuyendetsa ng'ombe, ndi kofunika kuti muzisamalira ukhondo.
Choyamba ndi kuyeretsa khola - Manyowa atsopano ayenera kutsukidwa, m'malo mwake, udzu watsopano ndi wouma umayikidwa (kuwonetsetsa ndi kotheka).
Chachiwiri, nkofunika kuti wokhetsayo apite mpweya wabwino izi zisanachitike. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, pamene pali tizilombo tambirimbiri, ndikofunika kwambiri musanayambe kugwedeza komanso nthawi yoti mutseke chitseko cha nkhokwe. Izi zimachepetsa pang'ono ntchito ya ntchentche, ndipo ng ombe sizingakupirire mchira wake molimbika.
Kuyala kwa mchira kumathandizanso, ngakhale kuti nyama sizichotsa mantha.
Ng'ombe zazing'ono ndi zowonongeka zimamangidwa bwino, chifukwa zimatha kugogoda chidebe ndi kusowa ndi kutsanulira mkaka pansi, makamaka - kutaya zinyalala mmenemo. Koma komabe ng'ombe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga, ndipo patapita nthawi idzagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo kuti ikhale yotetezeka kuti ikhale yamtundu komanso kuti ikhale yomvera nthawi zonse.
Amuna omwe ali ndi mkaka wamakono amalangiza mosamala kwambiri kuti azisamalira nyama, kuyesera kukhalabe "ochezeka" ndi iwo.
Pofuna kuthandizira ng'ombe kuti ikhale yopanikizika, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti imudzule musanayambe kutseketsa, kutchula dzina lake ndikumupaka ndi zokoma. Mfundo ndizo Ng'ombe imatha kuloweza bwino mwini wake bwinochifukwa amavomereza anthu ndi kununkhiza, ndikuyankhira chifundo chake.
Ngakhale zinthu zopanda pake zimachitika ngati ng'ombe ikupereka mkaka kwa munthu mmodzi yekha amene amamuzoloŵera.
Musaiwale Sambani manja anu musanayambe kugwedeza, valani pazitsulo zoyamba kutsuka kapena apron. Komanso, muyenera kutsuka bwinobwino udzu, kuchotsa dothi lonse.
Pofuna kutsuka udder ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda kuti asakwiyitse ng'ombe. Pambuyo pake, udder wapukuta wouma.
Kulimbikitsa mkaka wa ng'ombe, ndikofunikira udder pre-massage. Izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo kupukutira ndi kuyendetsa kuwala, osati pazingwe, koma kudutsa. Chifukwa cha ichi, ng'ombe yanu ya mkaka idzapangidwanso, ndipo mkaka udzathamanga kwambiri.
Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito: njira zazikulu ndi malangizo othandiza
Ndibwino kuti mkaka ukhale pa benchi, popeza mkaka wochuluka umapereka, nthawi yowonjezereka ikukhazikika.
Kusonkhanitsa mkaka umayenera kutenga mphamvu - chidebe cha enamelled kapena chodabwitsa kwambiri. Chonde dziwani kuti mutatha kuyendetsa, chotengera chogwiritsa ntchito mkaka chiyenera kusambidwa ndi kuuma. Ng'ombe ikamayamwa mkaka udzafunika kuphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro kapena ndi phazi kuti pasakhale zitsamba.
Mukhoza kugwira ming'amba pamene mukugwedeza mu njira ziwiri - mwina ndi zala ziwiri, kapena ndi nkhonya. Ngakhale kwa anthu ambiri, kugwirana ndi zala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri (makamaka ngati nkhuku za ng'ombe ziri zazing'ono), koma akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kuyamwa koteroko kungabweretse mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi udder.
Pachifukwa ichi, pamene kugwedeza nsonga zikuyenera kukulunga zala zonse, ndiko kuti, ndi nkhonya. Pofuna kusakaniza khungu la manja anu ndi khungu la zikopa za ng'ombe, musanayambe kugwedeza, sulani manja anu ndi kuwasakaniza ndi mafuta.
Tsatanetsatane wa ng'ombe yamkati
Nkhosa imafunika kuyamwa nthawi yomweyo ndi manja onse awiri. Yoyamba inapereka mitsempha iwiri ya kutsogolo, ndipo pambuyo pake ili kale kale ziwiri. Chidebecho chimayikidwa pansi pansi pa udder, chimatha kupiringizika ndi mapazi ake, kotero kuti sichimasintha mwangozi kapena khola sichitha.
Timagwira ntchito:
- Phimbani zingwe ndi manja onse awiri ndikuzisindikiza ndi zala zanu. Mabulosi a brush amakhalapo, koma timakoka zala zathu pansi, ngati kuti tikukoka mchira.
Ndi chinsomba chiyenera kuyamwa mkaka, kuchimenya mu dyke, kutseketsa pang'ono zala ndi kumanganso mchira, kubwereza zomwe zafotokozedwa. Chinthu chachikulu sikutulutsa zitsulo zolimba kwambiri ndi zolimba.
- Kawirikawiri mitsinje iwiri yoyambirira ya mkaka imadulidwa mu mbale imodzi. Malingana ndi momwe mkaka umatulutsira, zimatsimikiziridwa ngati chinyama chili ndi matenda.
Komanso, dothi limatuluka mumkaka woyamba kuchokera ku mawere.
- Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira njira ina yosakanikirana, pamene munayamba kutulutsa makutu oyambirira, ndikubweranso. Zimayenda kuchokera kumodzi kupita kumzake pamene mitsinje ya mkaka yayamba.
- Mukhoza kusamba nthawi ndi nthawi, kuti magawo atsopano a mkaka adzawonjezereke ku nsonga.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kupanga misala isanafike kumapeto kwa milking, ndiye mkaka udzathamanga mafuta.
- Pambuyo pomaliza kuyamwa, ndikofunika kuti misozi ikhale youma, kenaka mafuta ndi mafuta ena - mafuta odzola kapena mafuta. Izi zidzateteza ming'oma kuti isawononge nyengo yotentha.
Kodi nthawi yayitali ikuyenera kuchitidwa bwanji? Dziwani zambiri zomwe mungachite ndi maganizo anu
Kawirikawiri kumenyetsa ng'ombe kumachitika katatu patsiku.
Komabe, minda ina yomwe nyama zimadyetsedwa usiku wonse ndipo osagwiritsa ntchito chakudya china, kupatula udzu, pofuna kudyetsa ng'ombe panthawi imodzi.
Koma izi zimachitidwa chifukwa chachuma, komanso chifukwa chakuti nthawi zina, ng'ombe zimabala mkaka pang'ono.
Komabe, ngati ng ombe ikhoza kubweretsa mkaka wambiri, ndiye kuti nthawi imodzi yokha imatha kutsutsana naye. Koma m'tsogolomu, maganizo ndi ma milkmaids, ndi akatswiri ena amasiyana kwambiri.
Ena amaganiza kuti kusakaniza katatu patsiku kumawonjezera mkaka, ena amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha mkaka wa mkaka sichimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mkaka wopangidwa.
Mwinamwake, zikanakhala zomveka kunena kuti ngati ng'ombe ikuyamba katatu katatu patsiku, ndiyeno ikasinthidwa kamodzi pa tsiku, ndiye pakakhala choncho madontho a mkaka adzakhala ovuta.
Choncho, nkhaniyi iyenera kuyankhulidwa malinga ndi mphamvu zake. Ngati sizikukuvutani ndipo mukhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kuti mukamwe mkaka wanu katatu patsiku, chitani katatu.
Ngati masana mumakhala otanganidwa kwambiri, ndipo ndizovuta kuti muyambe kugwira ntchito m'mawa komanso madzulo - mudzayenera kukonda maulendo awiri.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenganso za mitundu ya nyama ya nkhumba.
Kodi nkofunika kulingalira nthawi yoweta ya ng'ombe ndipo izi zimakhudza bwanji mkaka?
Nthaŵi yoyendera milingo iyenera kukhala yofanana.
Choyamba, mothandizidwa ndi izi mumalangiza ng'ombe yanu, ndipo kachiwiri, yesetsani kayendedwe ka mkaka mu udder.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti mkaka wochuluka umene umasonkhanitsa mmenemo, umapitanso patsogolo pang'onopang'ono. Koma atatha kupaka ndi kusisita panthawi yake potikita minofu, zimbudzi zimayambitsidwa, ndipo mkaka umayamba kukonzedwa.
Ngati mwasankha mkaka wanu katatu patsiku, ndiye Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mkaka wa milking ayenera kukhala pafupifupi maola 8. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kuyambira kumayambira 6 koloko m'mawa, 12 koloko masana ndi 7:00 pm madzulo.
Koma kaŵirikaŵiri nthawi iyi ndiyowonjezeka kuwonjezeka mpaka maola 12. Choncho, ngati ng ombe idakonzedwa m'mawa pa 6 koloko, madzulo ntchitoyi iyenera kuyambika pa 18:00. Komabe, ndikofunika kusunga nthawi yomwe ili pakati pa mkaka wa milkings, koma kumatsatira nthawi yomweyo.
Ngakhalenso nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusunga, kuyendetsa kumachitika ola limodzi kuposa nthawi yeniyeni, kapena ola limodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mumayamwa mkaka katatu patsiku, ndiye kuti kuchepetsa pakati pa mkaka wa milking kungakhale nthawi ya maola 7, ndipo pamtunda - 9.
Ambiri amagwirizanitsa nthawi yokhala ndi kadyetsa ng'ombe. Ndipotu, ndi yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa simukuyenera kupita ku nkhokwe nthawi zambiri, choyamba kudyetsa ndikuyamikiranso ng'ombe.
Matenda ndi matenda a ng'ombe omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi udder ndi makhalidwe abwino a mkaka
Ng'ombe ziri ndi matenda awiri omwe amawopsa kwambiri omwe amakhudza mitsempha ya mammary ndipo amakhudza kwambiri ubwino wa mkaka wopangidwa. Choncho, ngati mumasunga ng'ombe, muyenera kukhala okonzekera chinthu choterocho.
Kodi khansa ya m'magazi ndi yotani kumvetsetsa zizindikiro zake?
Kutenga ndi khansa ya m'magazi Ng'ombe yako ikhoza m'njira zambiri. Kawirikawiri izi zimachitika pamene veterinarians amachita ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera ku nyama. Koma pambali pa magazi, opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'magazi imatha kupezeka mu umuna, mkaka, komanso amniotic fluid (ndiko kuti, matendawa amafalitsidwa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana).
Nyama zodwala ndizofunika kwambiri kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi gulu lonse., chifukwa matendawa amafalitsidwa kudzera mu tizilombo toyamwa magazi. Mbali ina yoipa ya matendawa ndi kuti n'zosatheka kudziwa kuti pali matendawa m'gawo loyamba.
Inde, ndipo palibe ziwonetsero zooneka bwino pa yachiwiri, matendawa amatsimikiziridwa ndi kusintha kwa hematological komwe kumachitika m'thupi lozungulira.
Popeza mankhwala opatsirana a khansa ya m'magazi amapezeka mkaka, sungatengedwe mwatsopano, choncho ayenera kuyamwa bwino pamaso pake.
Tsoka lake koma khansa ya m'magazi siingathe kuchiritsidwa. Njira yokhayo yowonetsetsera ndiyeso ya pachaka yomwe imayesedwa magazi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda.
Choncho, ngati kuli kotheka, mungaphunzire pa nthawi yake za matendawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zofunikira zodzipatula kapena kuwononga ziweto.
Mastitis: zizindikiro, kupewa ndi kuchiza matendawa ndi ng'ombe?
Matendawa amatha kudziwika nthawi yomweyo ndi ziweto zam'mimba zomwe zimatuluka kwambiri. Nthaŵi zambiri amamvetsera pamene akugwedeza.
Zifukwa za Mastitis Mwina pangakhale zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Zomwe simungakhale nazo m'ndende, pamene udder samasamba bwino kapena samatsuka nthawi zonse musanayambe kusamba; popanda kukhala wamba nthawi zonse.
- Pa nthawi yozizira nthawi yomwe mkaka umathamanga mu udzu. Kawirikawiri panthawi yowuma, mastitis imaonekera chifukwa chakuti sizinapangidwe kale.
- Ndi matenda a catarral a nyama, pamene ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthawi yaitali.
- Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga
Choncho, kupewa mastitis kungakhale kudyetsa kwathunthu, komanso kutsata ndondomeko zoyenera zowonetsera ng'ombe.
Pamene mastitis, palibe chomwe chingathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makina apadera.
Mukhoza kudziwa mastitis ndi zotchinga zomwe zimapezeka mkaka, pus, ndi nthawi zina ngakhale zizindikiro zamagazi. Komabe, matendawa ali ndi mawonekedwe obisika, pamene kupezeka kwake pa nyama kumatsimikiziridwa kokha chifukwa cha machitidwe apadera.
Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kuwonjezera Mastidine mankhwala mumatope pang'ono. Ngati pali matenda, mkaka udzakhala wofanana ndi odzola ndipo chithandizo cha ng'ombe chiyenera kuyamba pomwepo.
Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito maantibayotiki, ngakhale kuti pali njira zambiri zamachiritso.
Popeza mastitis akhoza kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabakiteriya, koma mankhwalawo ayenera kuperekedwa payekha. Kuti mudziwe kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe angakhale othandiza, ndikofunikira Perekani mkaka wa ng'ombe kuti uwerenge mu chipatala chapadera chowona Zanyama.
Akatswiri akutsimikizirani kukupatsani chitsimikizo kuti chinyama chingachiritse. N'zotheka kuchiza ng'ombe popanda veterinarian, pokhapokha mutalandira malangizo owonjezera kuchokera kwa iye.
Njira ndi zinsinsi zowonjezera mkaka
- Mtengo wa mkaka womwe umatulutsidwa panthawi yomwe umathamanga molunjika umadalira momwe amadyera ndi zomwe amadya. Ndikofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa izi pa nthawi ya khungu louma komanso m'miyezi itatu yoyamba pambuyo pobereka.
Ndikofunika kuti chakudya chophatikizidwa kuti chiweto chikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimatha kutengeka ndi thupi kuchokera ku kaboni, vitamini ndi mineral substances, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Choncho, kuwonjezera pa zakudya zabwino kwambiri panthawiyi, nkofunika kupereka ng'ombe zosiyanasiyana ndi mavitamini owonjezera.
- Tanena kale kuti ndi kofunika bwanji kuti tipeze maphunziro oyambirira tisanagwire. Misala ndi chidwi kwa ng'ombe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mkaka wopangidwa.
- Nkofunika kwambiri kuti ng'ombe ikhale yathanzi. Komanso, palibe chifukwa chofunikira kuti nyamayo ikhale yovuta, chifukwa kuchokera ku mkaka wotere umatha kugwa nthawi zina.
Ukhondo wa mkaka: kukambirana zinthu zabwino ndi zoipa zomwe zimakhudza zinthu?
Maonekedwe ndi katundu wa mkaka akhoza kusintha nthawi zambiri, ndipo sizidzasonyezeratu zolakwika.
Mwachitsanzo, zifukwa za kusiyana koteroko ndi kusintha kungakhalepo:
- Ubale wa ng'ombe, komanso msinkhu wake. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mkaka yomwe imapatsa mkaka wambiri wamafuta. Ndili ndi msinkhu, zokolola mkaka ndi zizindikiro za khalidwe zimachepa.
- Nyengo ya lactation imene nyamayo ili.
- Mbali za chakudya cha ng'ombe, komanso kukonzanso kwake.
- Mlingo wa zokolola.
- Makhalidwe ndi nthawi zonse zogwirira ntchito.
Choncho, kwa nthawi ya lactation, ndiko kuti, kwa masiku 300, mkaka wa ng'ombe imodzi ukhoza kusintha katundu wake katatu. Makamaka, titangotha kudya, sitidzalandira mkaka, koma timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timasiya masiku 5-7 oyambirira.
Kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, timapeza mkaka wokhazikika, umene masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi usanayambe kutsogolo amaloledwa ndi okalamba, kulawa kowawa.
Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri cha mkaka wa ng'ombe ndi mafuta ake. Masiku ano, akatswiri amachititsa chidwi chofunika kwambiri pa maonekedwe a mafuta omwe ali mkaka, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe ng'ombe imalandira kuchokera ku chakudya.
Komanso, mafuta akuwonjezeka ndi zaka za ng'ombe, ngakhale zitatha zaka 6 zimayamba kuchepa.
Komanso, kusanthula kwa mkaka wa mkaka nthawi zambiri kumatulutsa shuga wa shuga. Kukoma kwa mkaka molunjika kumadalira pa chigawo ichi. Komabe, n'kosatheka kuyambitsa kusintha kwake, chifukwa shuga wa mkaka nthawi zonse umakhala wofanana Mosasamala chiwerengero cha zaka za lactation.
Pankhani ya zakudya za ng'ombe, mukamamupatsa chakudya chambiri chokhala ndi mapuloteni, mkaka wonenepa udzakhala. Mapuloteni, omwe ndi mapuloteni, amakhalanso ndi mkaka. Kudyetsa koteroko kungachuluke ndi mkaka wokolola, kuwalera ndi 10%.
