Kuyenda m'dzinja kumapereka mwayi wopuma mpweya wabwino, kusangalala ndi kukongola kwa chirengedwe ndikusonkhanitsa bowa. Kupita ku "kusaka mwakachetechete", muyenera kuganizira za kuoneka kwa bowa. M'nkhani yathu tidzakambirana imodzi mwa iwo - Polish.
Kudya kapena ayi
Ali ndi mayina angapo - izi ndi pansky ndi mabokosi, komanso "mfumu ya mokhovikovs" kapena Oleshek. Ndilo gulu lachiwiri la kulumikizidwa. Maonekedwe akufanana kwambiri ndi boletus, nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka. Ichi ndi chokoma kwambiri ndi mankhwala abwino. Koma, mwatsoka, si zachilendo kwa osankha bowa.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Mokhovikov ndi a bowa tubular chifukwa cha minofu ya kapu.
Dziwani mitundu yambiri yomwe imapezeka ndi bowa.
Hat
Mu mokhovikov wachinyamata m'mphepete mwa kapu ali atakulungidwa, ndi okhwima - mmwamba. Zikuwoneka ngati zojambula, masentimita 10-14 m'mimba mwake. Zikhoza kukhala kansalu kapena bulauni, kuwala pang'ono kapena mdima. Kuchotsa khungu si kophweka.
Mndandanda wamdima
Yellow tubules. Pakati pa mwendo ndi mwendo uli ndi pang'ono. Kutalika kwa ma tubes ndi pafupifupi 2 cm, ali ndi pores ang'onoang'ono, omwe, akakula, amakhala akuluakulu ndikusintha mtundu kukhala wachikasu.
Pulp
Bowa la ku Poland nthawi zina limatchedwa woyera Polish, koma izi sizolondola kwenikweni. Anatchula dzina ili chifukwa cha mtundu woyera wa thupi la kapu. Nthawi zina zimakhala zachikasu. Ngati mukanikiza thupi, ndiye kuti mtundu wake umasintha. Fungo la bowa, losangalatsa kwambiri.
Mwendo
Smooth, ndipo nthawi zina ali ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono, mwendo pamunsi umakhala wambiri. Kutalika kwake kukuposa 10 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake kuli pafupi masentimita 3-4. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wofiira kapena wofiirira. Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, pa odulidwa amapeza mtundu wa buluu.
Nthawi komanso malo osonkhanitsira
Oleshki sali kukula kulikonse. Salola kuleza chilala ndipo amakonda nyengo ya kumpoto. Choncho, amapezeka ku Ulaya kapena ku Far East.
Oleshki amapanga mycorrhiza ndi mizu ya coniferous mitengo. Kawirikawiri, amapezeka pansi pa thundu kapena msuzi. Muyenera kuyang'ana njuchi mumapiri a nkhalango pamapiri ophimbidwa ndi moss. Mozungulira pafupi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, iwo samakula.
Nyengo ya kusonkhanitsa kwawo imayamba pamene azungu ndi zithupsa ziri pafupi kutha. Mokhoviki amakula m'magulu pafupipafupi. Sankhani dothi ndi chilengedwe cha acidic.
Ndikofunikira! Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti bowa, monga siponji, imatenga chilichonse kuchokera ku chilengedwe. Choncho, nkofunikira kuwasungira kutali ndi misewu ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana.
Chimene chingasokonezedwe: mobwerezabwereza bowa
Maonekedwe a bowa ku Poland ndi ofanana ndi ndulu ya bowa, moth moth, ndi njenjete yobiriwira. Koma zitsanzo zonsezi ndizodya:
- pa njenjete ndi moth brownish hat ndi ming'alu yofiira. Mzere wosanjikiza wa chikasu. Msola uli wathyathyathya. Oyenera chakudya;
- Ntchentche yobiriwira ili ndi chipewa chofiira ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa Polish waukulu wa angles wa chikasu. Kuwerama pansi kumakhala kochepa;
- ndulu ya bowa, ngakhale kuti si yofunika kwa poizoni, koma kudya sizingatchedwe. Pa mwendo, uli ndi maonekedwe a mauna. Mzere wosanjikiza wa piritsi. Ili ndi kulawa kowawa. Pambuyo kudula, imatulutsa phula.
Popeza bowa wambiri ndi satanic ndi gulu la bowa losadziwika bwino, phunzirani momwe mungadziwireko mabotolo onyenga a malalanje, mapepala osokoneza bongo, ma shambule, ambulera ya bowa.
Bowa la satana limaonedwa kuti ndi mapasa okha owopsa. Zinthu zake ndizo:
- chipewa ndi chofiira kapena chobiriwira. Mndandanda wa tubula uli wofiira;
- mwendo ndi maimidwe, pansi - njerwa, ndi pamwamba - lalanje;
- akawonongeka, zamkati zimakhala zofiira kenako zimatembenuka buluu.
Ndikofunikira! Mnofu wa bowa wa satana umakhudza malo opuma ndikumayambitsa ziwalo.
Mankhwala amapangidwa
Zakudya za caloric za mbalameyi ndi pafupifupi 18 kcal. Lili ndi 1.8 g ya mapuloteni, 0,7 g mafuta ndi chakudya, pafupifupi 1.4 g.
Oleshok ali ndi vitamini ndi mchere wambiri. Zimaphatikizapo pafupifupi mavitamini onse a gulu B - B9, B6, B2, B1.
Ŵerenganiponso za phindu ndi ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nthambi zosiyanasiyana za bowa: bowa, mkaka, shiitake, chaga (birch bowa).
Kuwonjezera pa iwo, pali:
- choline;
- vitamini PP;
- vitamini C.
Oleshek ndi madzi 90%. M'mawonekedwe ake muli mono - ndi disaccharides, komanso oposa 10 amino acid (mwachitsanzo, tianin). Izi amino acid imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo imatha kuchepetsa.
Mukudziwa? Mu bowa la Polish zomwe zili mavitamini a gulu B ndi apamwamba kuposa masamba ndi tirigu.
Kuphatikiza pa mankhwalawa, malembawo akuphatikizaponso:
- zitsulo;
- manganese;
- potaziyamu;
- sodium;
- firiji;
- phosphorus;
- mkuwa ndi zinthu zina.
Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika
Mokhovikov, ngakhale kuti akugwera m'gulu lachiŵiri la kulumikiza, amaonedwa kuti ndi lokoma. Kwa iwo mungathe kuphika supu ndi saladi, kupaka pies ndi pizza. Iwo ali okazinga, owuma, ophika ndi mazira. Pokonzekera pali fungo losangalatsa. Pokhala ndi yosungirako bwino, zokometsera izi zimakhala ndi katundu wake kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mapuloteni oyenera ndi ofanana ndi nyama, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamasamba.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera mokhovikov mumalandira mitundu ya zakudya, makamaka chikasu, ndipo ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito mordant, ndiye - lalanje kapena golidi.
Momwe mungatsukitsire
Musanaphike Oleshki chosowa:
- Chotsani nthambi, udzu wouma ndi zinyalala zina;
- kudulira mphutsi ndi zotsalira za mycelium;
- chotsani khungu ku cap;
- Sambani modzichepetsa kangapo m'madzi othamanga;
- Lembani maola angapo m'madzi amchere;
- Sambani kambirimbiri.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge za teknoloji ya kuphika bowa: pickling (chanterelles, bowa zakutchire, bowa, mkaka), kuyamwa (bowa zouma), kuyanika (oyimba bowa), kuzizira (nyemba, oyisitara bowa, chanterelles, bowa, bowa).
Kodi kuphika
Ena amakhulupirira kuti bowa la ku Poland silingathe kuphika, ndipo mwamsanga mwachangu. Koma ndibwino kuti musayambe kuika pachiswe.
- Zitsanzo zazikulu zimadulidwa mu magawo awiri kapena 4, ndipo zing'onozing'ono zimasiyidwa.
- Timatenga mphika waukulu, monga mankhwalawa amalimbitsa kwambiri.
- Wiritsani kangapo kwa mphindi 20, kusintha madzi.
- Oleshki mwamsanga mdima, kotero yophika nthawi yomweyo kapena kuwasiya iwo mu msuzi.
Momwe mungakokere
Nthawi zambiri mohovichki marinate. Pa ichi tikusowa:
- 1 makilogalamu;
- mafuta (mpendadzuwa kapena azitona).
Kwa marinade:
- 1 l madzi;
- 1 tbsp. l mchere;
- 1 tbsp. l shuga;
- 4-5 cloves wa adyo;
- 3-4 Bay masamba;
- Zidutswa zisanu ziwonetsero;
- 50 ml ya viniga.
Kuphika ndiko monga:
- Zotsuka ndi zokonzedwa bwino (timadula zigawo zambiri m'magulu angapo) timaphika mu madzi amchere (madzi okwanira 1 litre - 1 tsp ya mchere) kwa mphindi zisanu mutatha kutentha.
- Kutani msuzi, kuchapa Oleshki.
- Lembani madzi a mchere kachiwiri ndi wiritsani kwa mphindi 30 mutatha kutentha.
- Sakanizani ndi kutsuka.
- Thirani marinade ndi wiritsani kwa mphindi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
- Kufalitsa mohovichki pamodzi ndi marinade pa mitsuko wosabala.
- Pamwamba ndi mafuta pang'ono.
- Phimbani ndi zivindi ndi kupukuta.
- Atakulungidwa ndi chinachake chofunda ndikuchoka kuti muzizizira.
Tili okondwa kuti tinapeza komwe tingapeze bowa la Chipolishi ndi momwe tingawasiyanitse ndi ena, kuphatikizapo owopsa. Sangalalani ndi mfundo yakuti mukuzisonkhanitsa, ndi zakudya zokoma zomwe zingaphike nawo.
Mayankho ochokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti:
