Kampu yaying'ono, mawonekedwe osadziwika, komanso korona wokongola - izi ndizo mapulogalamu apamwamba m'mapangidwe a maluwa. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi kukula kwake, mitengoyi imaonedwa kuti ndi yoyenera. Makamaka, izi zimakhudza munda kapena, monga momwe zimatchulidwanso, zosiyana siyana. Ganizirani momwe mungakhalire oyenerera, chisamaliro cha chikhalidwe ichi ndi chomwe chiri.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Mu mabuku a sayansi, zomera zimatchedwa maple maple (Ácer campéstre), ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku zimatchedwa zodetsedwa. 
Maonekedwe okongola a oimira awa a banja la Sapindov, pamodzi ndi kukongola kwawo, adzasokoneza malo onse ojambula. Mitengo yotereyi imawonetsedwa pamasitolo.
Mukudziwa? Kuyambira kale, fuko la Iroquois linkalambira mapulo. Iye anali wolemekezeka ngati gwero la madzi odziwika bwino a mapulo, komanso mphamvu ndi kukongola. Ambiri ankafuna kupeza chinthu chilichonse cha nyumba kuchokera ku nkhuni za zomera. Kwa nthawi yaitali akhala ngati malo a miyoyo ya achibale omwe anamwalira omwe anadza kwa amoyo. Choncho, chaka chilichonse Iroquois ikunakondwerera tsiku loyamikira mapulo, omwe m'chinenero chawo ankamveka Otadenone-non-pro-niy-vatey.
Nazi zizindikiro zazikulu za mapulo apansi:
- kutalika - 10-15 mamita;
- korona voliyumu - mpaka mamita 8;
- thunthu - woonda, wowongoka, osapitirira masentimita 60 omwe amakhala ochepa, ophimbidwa ndi makungwa a imvi ndi matalala otchedwa tinge. Mitengo ikuluikulu imawoneka ming'alu yaing'ono yotalika nthawi yaitali;
- korona - kuzungulira, wandiweyani wandiweyani;
- masamba - Zowonjezera kapena zitatu-lobed, zowonjezera kwambiri, kuyambira mamita 4 mpaka 17 cm ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Kuchokera kumtunda iwo amadziwika ndi mthunzi wamdima wobiriwira ndi pamwamba, komanso kuchokera kumunsi - mwa kuwala ndi kutsika tsitsi. M'dzinja, masamba a maple amasintha mitundu ku burgundy ndi kapu ya golidi;
- impso - mazira ofanana ndi mazira, azitona ndi azitsamba, mpaka 5 mm kutalika;
- inflorescences - ziwonetsedwe mu April ndi May pambuyo pa masamba. Mitengo ya mapuli ndi ya chikasu chachikasu ndipo imakhala ndi timadzi tokoma timadzi tokoma. Ma pedicels ndi amfupi ndipo amathawa kwambiri. Mafinali amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a ellipse yotambasula. Petals ndi yopapatiza ndi shaggy pamphepete. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala pafupifupi masabata awiri. Pambuyo pake, pa maluwa onunkhira, amawoneka ovary kapena osapsa;
- zipatso - ngodya yokhotakhota kapena lionfish yolunjika. Kufika kutalika mpaka 3 masentimita ndi m'lifupi - mpaka 1 masentimita. Nkhumba imodzi zimakhala pafupifupi 50 g Nthawi ya fruiting imayamba kumayambiriro kwa autumn;
- kukula kwake - kuchepetsa ndi kukula kwa pachaka kwa pafupifupi theka la mita mu msinkhu ndi masentimita 40 m'lifupi;
- nyengo ya moyo - Panthawi yabwino, mtengo ukhoza kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 250, koma nthawi zambiri umoyo wake umatha zaka zana limodzi;
- chipiriro - kukana chisanu ndi chilala. Kusintha kumthunzi;
- zofunikira pa zikhalidwe - amakonda malo abwino. Amamva bwino pamtunda wolemera wa michere, amatha kupirira magawo ochepa a saline. Zimayenda bwino m'madera otentha kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Kwa Japanese, maple si zokongoletsera zokongoletsera za m'munda, komanso chisangalalo cha gastronomic. M'dziko lino, ndi mwambo wokonzekera zokometsera zochokera ku masamba a maple. Poyamba, amakololedwa, kenako amasungidwa kwa chaka chimodzi m'mitsuko ya mchere, ndipo pambuyo pake atayidwa ndi ufa wokoma ndi wokazinga mu fryer.
Nyumba ndi malo
Kumene mapulo am'munda amachokera, akatswiri a zomera amapeza zovuta kuyankha lero. Inde, kwa zaka zambirimbiri, idadziwika ndi pafupifupi dziko lonse la Eurasian. Kudyetsa msipu kumawoneka m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zovuta za mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, Caucasus, Asia Minor komanso ngakhale m'madera a kumpoto kwa Africa.
Choncho, asayansi ambiri amavomereza kuti zosiyanasiyana za zomerazi zimakhala ndi malo akuluakulu. Malire ake amapita ku UK, Scotland, ku Scandinavia Peninsula, Sweden, Ukraine, Russia ndi kutulukira ku Caucasus.
M'dera lathu, kudzifesa kumapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Kiev, Zhytomyr ndi Volyn. Kuwonjezera kumpoto, zomera zimenezi zimangoyimiliridwa ndi zojambula zokha. 
Okonza zamakono amagwiritsira ntchito mitengo imeneyi popanga malo osungiramo malo, makamaka popeza amakula bwino pamtunda wakuda.
Mapulo a zinyama ali pamphepete mwa nkhalango yamdima, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, nthawi zina amapezeka m'mapiri kumtunda wa makilomita awiri kuchokera ku nyanja.
Mukudziwa? Ndalama yoyamba ya Democratic Republic of the Congo inapangidwa ndi mapulo. Anamasulidwa mu 2005 ndipo akadali njira yobwezera. Maonekedwe ake ndi ma franc 5.
Gwiritsani ntchito kupanga mapangidwe
Kukongola kwa nyengo yonse ya mapulo kumathandizira kugawidwa kwawo kumalo okongola. Mitengo imakhala yokongola kwambiri kugwa, pamene masamba awo amasandulika kukhala mitundu yokondweretsa.
Mu kasupe, pa maluwa, iwo si otsika kwa yamatcheri ndi plums. Kuonjezera apo, chikhalidwechi chimasinthidwa bwino ku mizinda. Amatha kunena kuti ndizopangira zokongoletsera, komanso gwero la mthunzi m'munda umene wapatsidwa. 
Mbali yodziwika bwino ya maple ndi mapulaneti ake. Chomera chachikulu chimawoneka bwino m'magulu amodzi ndi a magulu, komanso ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga mazenera.
Akatswiri amachititsa kuti zamoyo zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbeuyo imakhala yokhayokha, ndipo mbewu zake zimafalikira mosavuta ndi mphepo mazana makilomita kuchokera kumzu wa kholo ndipo mwamsanga zimasintha zatsopano.
Mphukira yazing'ono ikuyamba kukula. Choncho, ngati simukuletsa kuswana kwa mapulo, idzatenga munda wonsewo, ndikuutembenuzira kukhala m'nkhalango zakutchire.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo ya mapulo ikhoza kufotokozera nyengo: ngati madontho amame akuwoneka pamtengo wamtengo, imvula mvula yochepa.
Paklens nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa bonsai. Mitengo iyi imalekerera kudulira ndi kuika. 
Kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa a bonsai. Kwa mafakitale, nkhuni zawo ndizofunikira mipando ndi zipangizo zodyera. Ali ndi makhalidwe okongoletsera, osasintha. Zina mwa zovuta za mapulo omwe akugwirizana nawo amatcha kusowa kwa chidziwitso choyera.
Ambiri amtundu amakondwera ndi maonekedwe a maple okongola pafupi ndi malo owetera njuchi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chikhalidwe chimalembedwera m'gulu la chomera choyambirira cha uchi. Mtengo umodzi wachikulire ukhoza kupereka mng'oma ndi 10 kilogalamu ya timadzi tokoma.
Maonekedwe okongoletsera
Chikhalidwe chosasunthika cha mapulo a kumunda, makhalidwe awo okongoletsa ndi chipiriro chinadzutsa chidwi pakati pa obereketsa ambiri.
Chifukwa cha kuyesa kwa nthawi yayitali, adatha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imadabwitsa malingaliro ndi mtundu wa mabala, mawonekedwe a masamba, komanso maonekedwe a korona ndi chitukuko. Masiku ano, pafupi mitundu mazana awiri a chikhalidwechi amadziwika.
Ndikofunikira! Akatswiri amawona mtengo, mitengo, birm, elm, fir, larch, ndi spruce kuti azikhala moyandikana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya munda. Koma mitundu yamitengoyi imakhala yabwino kwa minda yamaluwa ndipo imayang'ana bwino mu miyala ya rockery, yozunguliridwa ndi bergenia.
Nawa otchuka kwambiri:
- "Albovariegatum" - amadziwika ndi mtundu wosakhala woyenera wa masamba. Mu autumn, ndi golide wachikasu, ndipo mu kasupe ndi chilimwe kuli mdima wandiweyani ndi zilonda zazikulu zoyera.
- "Zojambula" - kalasi yopangidwa ku Holland. Zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuyera koyera kwa masamba, omwe nthawi yamapeto ya masamba owoneka amakhala otsekemera a pinki.
- "Compactum" (pali dzina lofananamo "Nanum") - choyimira cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana chiri mu mawonekedwe ozungulira a korona ndi maroon-chikasu autumn masamba. Zimatengedwa ngati mawonekedwe achimake, chifukwa mtengo umene uli pamwamba pa 2.5 mamita sukula.
- "Elsrijk" - amadziwika ndi kukula kwake kwa masamba, omwe amapereka makulidwe ku korona, ndipo mizere yake imakhala yotayidwa.
- "Wofiira Ngakhale" - ndi chitukuko cha oweta a Chingerezi, akuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa masamba ofiira a autumn masamba.
- "Kulira Kobiriwira" - Imeneyi ndi misozi yambiri yolira, yomwe imakhala yaikulu mamita 3.
- "Microphyllum" - amaimira mtengo wotsika (mpaka mamita 3 kutalika) ndi ochepa, poyerekeza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kukula kwa masamba.
- "Postelense" - mapepala osangalatsa omwe si ofanana. M'chaka, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, ndizo golidi. M'nyengo ya chilimwe iwo amatembenukira wobiriwira, ndipo mu kugwa akubwerera ku chikhalidwe chawo choyambirira.
- "Pulverulentum"- amasiyana kwambiri ndi zokongoletsa kwambiri. Masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyanawa amadzaza ndi zofiira zoyera. Chifukwa cha izi, masamba aang'ono amawoneka okoma. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayimiridwa ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zomera zimakula kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira.
- "Mfumukazi Elizabeth" (liri ndi dzina lofanana ndilo "Evelyn") - limadziwika ndi kuyenda msanga kwa chitukuko, kapangidwe kakang'ono ka koramidi ya korona ndi masamba owonjezeka, poyerekeza ndi kusiyana kwakukulu.
- "Kuwala Kuwala" - kukumbukiridwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wa masamba.
- "Schwerinii" - kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula masamba ndi ofiira, ndipo pafupi ndi m'dzinja amatembenuka wobiriwira.
Ndikofunikira! Malo osasankhidwa osankhidwa kubzala akhoza kusintha kwambiri zomera zokongoletsera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumabzala mitundu yokongola ya maple mumthunzi, masamba ake adzatayika maonekedwe ake. Kumalo oterowo mudzakhala ndi mtengo wobiriwira womwe uli ndi pang'onopang'ono.
Mavuto akukula
Mapulo a zinyama angagwirizane ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Koma ngati tikukamba za mitundu yolima, tidzasamalira chilichonse chofunikira kuti kakule ndi udindo wawo wonse. Choncho, kusankha malo oti mubzalidwe pa 80% kumapangitsanso zotsatira za mbeu.
Kotero, tiyeni tiyang'ane zofunikira zonse za chikhalidwe chimodzi ndi chimodzi:
Kuunikira
Mitunduyo imatha kukula mumthunzi, koma kuti ukhale ndi chitukuko chonse, imafunika kuwala. Choncho, akatswiri amalangiza kuti aziyatsa bwino malo odzala.
Nthaka
Malo abwino ndi othandizira chernozem osalowerera acidity. 
Mitengo imalowanso bwino pa magawo a loamy. Kusasintha mosasintha mu nthaka ya mchenga.
Pezani chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri kwa nthaka kwa zomera, momwe mungazindikire acidity ya nthaka pamalowa, momwe mungasokonezere nthaka, komanso momwe mungapangire chonde.
Madzi akumtunda
Ndikofunika kuti mubzala mbande kuti muone malo omwe mumakhala pansi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chomera sichimalola malo osungunuka ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Malo abwino, malowa akhoza kukhala pamtunda wa mamita 2-2.5 kuchokera pamwamba.
Zikakhala kuti ziwerengerozi ndizing'ono kwambiri, mizu ya zomera idzakhala pangozi ya matenda ndi bowa ndi matenda a bakiteriya.
Kuphatikiza apo, malo am'mvula, ngati maginito, amakopa tizilombo towononga. Pankhaniyi, pamene simungathe kusankha malo ena oti mubzala, akatswiri amatha kusankha mitundu yochepa ya mapulo ndikugona pafupifupi masentimita 20 a miyala yamtengo wapatali.
Kuteteza kwa mphepo
Mitengo ya mapleti imakula mosavuta m'madera omwe amatetezedwa ku mphepo ndi ma drafts. Makamaka pankhani za kukongoletsa kwawo mawonekedwe. 
Zomera zakutchire zimakhala zowonjezereka, zimatha kukhala ndi chilala chokhalapo kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, chisanu choopsa ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Dziwani kuti mitengo ya mapulo si yamphamvu komanso yamphamvu.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuteteza mbewu kuchokera ku matenda omwe amapezeka ndi matendawa, zimalimbikitsa kuti korona ndi tsinde zikhale ndi mankhwala a Nitrafen kapena mkuwa sulphate musanayambe maluwa.
Malamulo obwera
Kuti zosiyanasiyana zikhale bwino, ziyenera kusangalatsa nthawi yobzala. Choncho, musanatenge fosholo, muyenera kugwira ntchito yambiri yokonzekera. Tidzatha kumvetsa zonse mu magawo.
Tsiku lofika
Kubzala mbande za maple zingakonzedwe mu masika kapena autumn. Tiyenera kulingalira za nyengo zomwe zili m'deralo ndi nyengo. 
Pankhani ya kuphulika kwa kasupe, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuchita ntchito zonse zofunika pamene nyengo imakhala yolimba ndi yotentha ndipo dziko lapansi limawomba madigiri 11 Celsius.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi zaka khumi zachiwiri za mwezi wa April.
Kubzala kotereku kumathandiza kuti chitukuko chikhalepo, chifukwa kusanayambe kutentha kumatha kusintha zinthu zatsopano.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mumabzala mitengo ya mapulo kumapeto kwa nyengo, ikani madziwo mutabzala mpaka nthaka itenga chinyezi. Izi zidzateteza zomera kuti zisamayende nyengo ndi kuyanika.
Chosavuta ndicho chofunika chofunika chonchi. Choncho, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akumwa nthawi zambiri mutabzala ndikuyang'anitsitsa chikhalidwe cha mtengowo mkati mwa miyezi yoyamba.
Pamene yophukira kubzala ayenera kugwira pamaso pa isanayambike ozizira nyengo ndi chisanu. Ndikofunika kupanga rooting pakatikati pa mwezi wa Oktoba, kusiya osachepera 2-3 masabata ndi chithunzithunzi chozizira. Apo ayi, chomeracho sichidzakhala ndi nthawi yokhala pansi. 
Malo okonzekera
Pamene gawo loyenerera likusankhidwa, yambani kukonzekera ntchito. Zimaphatikizapo kukonza nthaka. Ndiko kuti, choyamba muyenera kuchotsa dera lanu kuchoka ku zinyalala ndi zotsalira zazomera ndi kukumba nthaka. Choyenera, chiyenera kukhala chosasunthika, chonde komanso chosasunthika.
Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe kuti mumapanga maonekedwe a mapu a Ginnal, Flamingo, komanso Norway, red, Silver, Tatar, Japanese, silichion ndi mapu a Manchurian.
M'madera okwaniridwe kwambiri sichikupweteka kuwonjezera ufa wa laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite. Pakati pa mamita mitala amafunikira kuchokera 150 mpaka 300 g ya mankhwala, malingana ndi pH ya nthaka.
Ngati mumabzala pulasitiki kumapeto kwa mwezi, mwezi usanakwane, dulani dzenje, nusuzani-nthani ndi gawo la madzi osambira.
Kenaka kuphimba ndi pulasitiki kuti mupange mkati mwa microclimate yomwe mukufuna. Mtundu uwu umathandiza mtengo kukhazikika mofulumira ndikuyamba njira zatsopano za mizu.
Njira zoterezi zikhoza kuchitika mu kugwa. Choncho, m'nyengo ya nyengo yozizira, dziko lapansi lidzadutsa muzigawo zowonongeka, zomwe zidzakuthandizira kuphulika kwa mchenga.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene gulu lodzala pakati pa mbeu liyenera kuchoka mtunda wa pafupifupi 2-4 mamita. Ngati mukufuna kupanga mapulo, muyenera kusiya 1.5-2 mamita pakati pa mizu..
Tikufika
Ndondomeko yonse yotenga mizu ikuwoneka yophweka, koma makamaka zolakwitsa zambiri zimapangidwa, chifukwa cha mtengo umene sukhazikika. Choncho, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muzitsatira mwatsatanetsatane malamulo omwe ali pansipa:
- Kokani dzenje lakubzala, zomwe zimayenderana ndi mizu ya mmera. Iye sasowa ufulu wochuluka kapena kukanika mikhalidwe. Buku lachikale limapereka kutalika kwa dzenje mkati mwa masentimita 70.
- Siyani chomeracho kwa maola angapo mu chidebe ndi madzi, ndiye chitani mizu yake ndi dothi. Ngati mukulimbana ndi zitsanzo zofooketsa, mungayambe kuwonjezera kukula kokonda madzi ("Kornevin", "Emistim").
- Pansi pa dzenje munali pafupi 10-20 masentimita a ngalande (yosweka njerwa, yowonjezera dothi, woponyedwa miyala). Kenaka ikani mzere wosanjikiza wa dothi. Zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku gawo limodzi la malo a humus, sod, mchenga wa mtsinje ndi peat manyowa. Zolinga zachonde zomwe mungathe kuzipeza ndi gawo la hardwood, mchenga ndi peat.
- Kuti mukhale bwino kumera kwa chiweto chobiriwira, mukhoza kudyetsa nitroammofoskoy. 120-150 g ya mankhwalawo ndi okwanira 1 kubzala dzenje.
- Pambuyo pake, mmera wokonzedwa umatsikira kudzenje, mizu yake imayendetsedwa ndi yokutidwa ndi nthaka yabwino.
- Ndikofunika madzi ochulukirapo kamtengo kameneko ndikupondaponda nthaka yatsopano. Pofuna kudzaza mchenga, zimalimbikitsa kugwedeza mbiya.
- Gawo lomalizira la kubzala ndikubwezeretsanso nkhuni madzi okwanira ndi kupanga mapanga osaya pamphepete mwa thumba la thunthu. Ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi madzi okwanira. Nkofunika kuti khosi lazu la mapulo lisapitirire. Iyenera kukhala pamtunda.
Video: momwe mungamere mapulo (mwachitsanzo, mapu a ginnal)
Mukudziwa? M'nthano zakale za Slavic, mapulo amagwirizanitsidwa ndi malo a moyo waumunthu. Okhulupirira akale amanena kuti munthu aliyense akhoza kutembenukira ku mtengo umenewu pambuyo pa imfa. Ndicho chifukwa chake mitengo ya mapulo siinagwiritsidwepo ntchito popangira nkhuni ndi bokosi. Ankaganiza kuti chomeracho pabwalo chimaimira mphamvu ndi mphamvu za eni ake.
Kusamalira mapulo
Zomera zonse za banja la Sapindov sizowunikira. Zimasintha mosavuta pazochitika zilizonse. Koma wamaluwa ayenera kuganizira kuti muzochitika zabwino, chikhalidwe chimakula bwino, chomwe chimakhudza makhalidwe ake okongoletsera.
Pa mapulo a mapuwa ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti kuthirira ndi kudyetsa nthawi yake. Kusamaliranso n'kofunika ku mitengo ya mtengo m'munda ndi kukonzekera mbande zazing'ono kuti zikhale nyengo yozizira. Tidzamvetsetsa zonse mu dongosolo.
Kuthirira
Невзирая на тот факт, что сортовид безболезненно реагирует на сухость почвы, нужно следить за уровнем ее влаги. Pofika pamapeto pake, mitengo yaing'ono mumwezi yoyamba mutabzala imamwe madzi nthawi zambiri komanso mochuluka. M'tsogolo, chiwerengero cha ulimi wothirira chimachepetsedwa kufikira 1 nthawi ya masiku asanu ndi awiri. Ndikofunika kuganizira za nyengo. 
Malingana ndi akatswiri, mutabzala mutakhala ndi chilala, muzu uliwonse umasowa pafupifupi malita 20 a madzi. Ndipo ndi mapulaneti omwe amatha kumwa madzi kamodzi pamwezi, kutsanulira 10-15 malita.
Mukudziwa? Zikhulupiriro za ku Serbia zimati ngati, popanda chifukwa, munthu woimbidwa mlandu akuphatikiza mapulo owuma, ndithudi adzasanduka wobiriwira. Ndipo pamene m'tsogolomu izo zimakhudza wozunzika kapena wokhumudwa, mtengowo umalira kachiwiri.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pa mitundu yonse ya mapulo, mumafunika mavitamini 2 pachaka. Choyamba chimachitika mu kasupe, pamene chimbudzi chimakhala chofunika, ndipo chachiwiri chiri kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pamene chomeracho chiyenera kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Feteleza wam'madzi akhoza kupangidwa mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zilizonse za nayitrojeni (kuphatikizapo organic), ndi feteleza feteleza mothandizidwa ndi ma mineral complexes. 
Ngati mutabzala zina zowonjezera zakudya zowonjezera m'magulu osagwiritsidwa ntchito, mapulo adzayenera kudyetsedwa mmawa watsopano ndi osakaniza 40 g wa urea, 25 g wa potaziyamu mchere, 50 g wa superphosphate.
Mtengo uwu ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chakudya chilichonse chotsatira cha kasupe. M'chilimwe, mtengo umalumikizidwa ndi Kemira ngolo. Pa mita imodzi yokwana ya bwalo la bwalolo adzafuna pafupifupi 100 g ya zinthu.
Ukhondo wa dothi
Ndikofunika kumalo kumene mapulo a m'munda amakula, nthawi zonse amatha kumasula nthaka. Ndondomekoyi imachitika pokhapokha ngati mutasiya magazi. Zimathandiza kuti oxygen ifike kumzu ndipo imalepheretsa nthaka kugunda.
Chimodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha m'munda ndicho kupewa ndi kuchotsa namsongole. Phunzirani zambiri za magulu a namsongole, ndi momwe angagwirire ndi mankhwala achilendo, zipangizo zamakono ndi herbicides.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndi kofunika kwambiri pa mulching pristvolnyh mabwalo. Kwa nthawi yoyamba imatha nthawi yomweyo mutatha. Pachifukwa ichi, peat imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imayikidwa pamtunda mpaka masentimita asanu.
Kudulira
Mu mapangidwe a korona, mitengo iyi siidasowa, chifukwa cha mtundu wa mitundu yabwino.
Koma kudulira kwaukhondo n'kofunika kwa iwo chaka chilichonse. Amachitidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo kapena kugwa ndipo imachotsa kuchotsa masamba, akauma, matalala kapena nthambi zowononga. 
Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mumkhalidwe wa mvula kawirikawiri, mapulo amawoneka kuti ndi powdery mildew ndi malo wakuda. Iye amalephera kuwonetseredwa ndi whitefly, tsamba lofiira masamba, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mealybug.
Sungani chomeracho chingakhale ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Pankhani ya matenda a fungal, mavairasi ndi bakiteriya, imodzi mwa fungicides idzapulumutsa:
- Teldor;
- "Melody Duo";
- "Antrakol".
- "Bwerani."
Ndikofunikira! Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi feteleza zamchere, komanso chisamaliro chosayenera ndizo zimayambitsa matenda a chikhalidwe.
Ngati mtengo wagwidwa ndi tizilombo toononga, ndiye kuti pazizindikiro zoyambirira tiyenera kuchiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
- Aktara;
- Actellic;
- Bankol;
- "Envidor";
- "Calypso".
Chitetezo pa makoswe
Choncho kuti mitengo ikuluikulu ikhalebe ndi njala ndi mbewa zowonongeka, zikulumikizidwa mu chidutswa cha mamita awiri. Monga njira ina, mungagwiritse ntchito nthambi za spruce, zomwe zimamangiriridwa ku mitengo.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Zitsanzo zonse za m'munda wa chikhalidwe ichi mpaka zaka zisanu zimakhala zofunikira zokonzekera nyengo yozizira. Mitengo yakale imatha nyengo yozizira popanda pogona. Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira kumayamba m'chilimwe pamene chomera chikudyetsedwa ndi kulimbikitsa kwambiri nyengo yozizira-hardiness feteleza.
Koma ana aang'ono sangapulumutsidwe ndi mineral complexes okha. Nthambi zawo zochepa sizingathe kulimbana ndi chisanu chopanda chisanu. Choncho, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti kugwa kusamalire zatsopano za peat mulch.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge chifukwa chake mukufunikira kupanga nthaka mulching.
Ndipo nkofunikanso kuphimba mtengo wa mapulo ndi nthambi ya spruce, kubisala muzu mwamphamvu. M'zaka zotsatirazi, pogona padzakhala zofunikira zokhazokha za maple. Iwo atakulungidwa ku korona yokhala ndi magawo ambiri otupa kapena spandex. Pamene kukula kumakula, mitengo imakhala yotsutsa kwambiri kutentha. 
Pa nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, mapulo ndi chokongoletsera cha malo ozungulira. Izi ndi zosangalatsa kwenikweni kwa anthu okonda zabwino. Koma pofuna kulondola kwa mawonekedwe ndi mitundu, chikhalidwe chiyenera kupereka zinthu zoyenera. Malangizo athu adzakuthandizani ndi izi.
Ndemanga kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti
