Aliyense wa ife akufuna kuti nyumbayo ikhale yabwino, yokonzekera bwino komanso nthawi imodzi yamakono, choncho nthawi zambiri timayendera kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Masiku ano, bonsai, makope ang'onoang'ono okongoletsedwa a mitengo ya mumsewu, akubwera. Koma izi siziri mtundu wamtengo wamtengo wapatali, chifukwa bonsai amakula kuchokera ku zipangizo zofanana ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Choncho, lero tidzakuuzani komwe mungayambe ntchito ngati simunayesedwe nokha pa ntchito ya mlengi wa mitengo ya m'kati, monga kusankha zomera, dothi, mphika ndi kukula kwa zithunzi zobiriwira.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yopanga mtengo wawung'ono
Kukula mtengo mumphika kuti mukondweretse diso, muyenera kusankha bwino kwambiri. Timapereka oyambirira bonsai masters kuti timvetsere ficus odziwika bwino. Ubwino umodzi wa duwa uwu ndi kukula kwake mofulumira - mukhoza kupanga bonsai m'zaka zitatu zokha, pamene zingatenge zaka khumi ndi ziwiri kuti zikhale ndi zomera zina.
Mukudziwa? Chinthu chotchedwa bonsai chinachokera ku China ndi ku India, koma m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi, iwo anasamukira ku Japan limodzi ndi amonkewo, kumene anakhazikitsidwa - amasiyanitsa mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi mitengo yaing'ono.
Kotero, ngati ndinu woyang'anira minda yamaphunziro, timalimbikitsa kupereka ficus:
- Bengali
- dzimbiri lofiira;
- chonchi;
- karika (mkuyu);
- microcarp;
- Benjamini;
- ginseng (ginseng).
Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ndi kukula kwake kwa masamba, komanso mizu yabwino kwambiri komanso maonekedwe okongola. Pa mitundu yonse ya ficus, mungasankhe chomera choyenera kwambiri kwa inu ndi mkati mwanu.
Makhalidwe okula ficus bonsai
Ntchito yokula mtengo waung'ono ingatengedwe ngati njira ya Kummawa, makamaka achibuda komanso amakonda chikhalidwe cha ku Asia. Kuti tipeze zotsatira zomwe zingasangalatse moyo ndi diso, tidzakhala ofunika kugwira ntchito mwakhama, koma choyamba tidzasankha kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingakhale zabwino kwambiri m'munda wamaluwa.
Tikukulangizani kuti mupeze zomwe bonsai ali komanso kuti ndi mitundu yanji ya bonsai yokongoletsa.
Momwe mungasankhire mphika
Pali zofunikira zambiri pa mphika umene mumayambira. Iyenera kukhala yotalika kuti mizu ikhale ndi malo okwanira. Kuonjezerapo, kukhazikika kwa chidebe ndikofunikira: mtengo, ngakhale kuti ulipo, koma uli wolemetsa kwambiri.
Kuti mupewe bonsai yowonongeka, sankhani mphika waukulu, wokhazikika. Chofunika china ndi kukhalapo kwa mabowo momwe chinyezi chidzatuluka. Kuonjezera apo, timalimbikitsa kuti tisasangalale ndi miphika yakuya, ndiye kuti maonekedwewo adzawoneka bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mphika unkagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti umere mbewu ina, yambani bwino. Momwemonso mumathetsa kuthetsa koyambitsa matenda a nthaka. Kuwonjezera apo, zitsalira za nthaka yapitayi zingalepheretse chitukuko cha mbewu.
Zosowa za nthaka
Chifukwa china chimene mukufunikira kuyambira kukula mitengo yaying'ono ndi ficus, - Ichi ndi chophweka cha zomera. Izi zimakhudzidwanso ndi nthaka yomwe idzakula. Komabe, pali chisakanizo chomwe chimapindulitsa pa ficus, chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chidzakhala champhamvu ndi thanzi.
Kusakaniza kumeneku kuli ndichonde, tsamba la pansi, mchenga ndi makala. Tengani magawo awiri oyambirira mu magawo ofanana, mchenga udzafunikira theka lachuluka, ndipo malasha adzakhala ngati zowonjezera.
Mukhozanso kugula malo kuti mukule ficus mu sitolo yapadera. Monga dothi, mukhoza kutenga kachigawo kakang'ono ka acidic, chifukwa chiri chonse.
Phunzirani momwe mungamweretse ficus wanu kunyumba.
Kusankha malo a mphika
Anthu amene adakula maluwa kapena ndiwo zamasamba amadziwa kuti pali zofunikira zogulitsa malo. Kenaka amakula bwino ndikukhala pamalo abwino. Popeza bonsai ndi wokhala m'chipindamo, tikukulangizani kuti mumvetsetse kumadzulo kapena kummawa kwa malo okhala ndikuyika mtengo pamenepo.
Komanso, bonsai amakonda malo amdima, kotero kuyika chomera pazenera sill sikofunika konse - mukhoza kuchiyika pansi, motero chiteteze kuti musagwe kuchokera kutalika.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale kuti bonsai imaonedwa ngati chipinda chojambula, imatha kuikidwa m'munda kapena pabwalo, pa khonde. Komabe, m'pofunika kutsatira zofunikira zonse pa moyo wa mtengo.
Microclimate m'chipinda
Ficus bonsai ndi wodzichepetsa, monga tanenera. Izi zimakhudzanso ulamuliro wa kutentha. Ndikofunika kukumbukira malamulo awiri kuti chilichonse chikhale ndi chomera. Yoyamba - Izi zimakhalabe kutentha kwa mpweya. Ndikofunika kuti akhale 20 ° -25 ° C, kutanthauza kutentha kwa firiji, chifukwa ficuses ndi thermophilic. Yachiwiri - onetsetsani kuti mtengo sungagwedezeke ndi ndondomeko.
Ngati bonsai mutakhala pawindo, onetsetsani kuti sizimapangitsa kuti dzuwa lisapitirire.
Momwe mungasankhire fomu kuti mupange mtengo
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mtengo wamkati:
- Tökkan, iye ndi wachikale. Oyamba ayenela kusankha fomu iyi, chifukwa ndi yophweka kwambiri. Bonsai amakula monga mtengo wamba. Palibe nthambi pansi, kuphatikizapo nthambi zingapo.
- Moyogi imatchedwanso zolakwika zolakwika. Korona wa mtengo uwu ndi waung'ono, sichidutsa malire a chidebe chimene chimakula.
- Sykan. Mtundu umenewu umakhala ndi malo otsetsereka a mtengo wa mtengo, ndipo mizu yake ili pansi.
- Sokan, iye ndi bonsai wofukiza. Mitengo iwiri imakhala ndi mizu yofanana. Pachifukwa ichi, imodzi mwa iyo imaposa inayo, thunthu lotchedwa kholo.
- Hokidati, nthawi zina amatchedwa msuzi. Kusiyana kwa nthambi ndi mizu ya bonsai ya bonsai iyi iyenera kukhala yunifolomu, yemweyo.
- Esueeue Mtundu umenewu umatchedwanso grove. Kulongosola ndi kosavuta: mu chotengera chimodzi muli ficus zosiyanasiyana. Amatha kusiyanitsa maonekedwe ndi zaka. Nkofunika kuti ficuses ikhale yoposa zisanu.
Chonde dziwani kuti mitengo yamtengo wapatali monga hornbeam, msondodzi, birch, Norway maple, thundu, phulusa, komanso mitengo ya zipatso zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukula bonsai, ndiye kuti apulo, apulo kapena hawthorn ndi abwino, Korean fir, Chinese juniper, cryptomeria, wamba kapena wakuda pine.
Ficus bonsai: malangizo ndi mayendedwe
Tsopano tiyeni tione m'mene tingakhalire mawonekedwe a mtengo wathu. N'zosadabwitsa kuti ku Japan, bonsai yakhala luso lotha kumvetsetsa. Komabe, zimatengera nthawi yocheperapo kuti mupange mawonekedwe a ficus. Momwe mungachitire izi - ndikuuzeni inu mtsogolo.
Momwe mungakhalire muzu wa mtengo wawung'ono
- Chinthu choyamba choyenera kuchita ndi kugwira ntchito pa ficus mizu. Pambuyo pa zonse, tikufunikira chomera kuti chikhale ndi msinkhu wokha, komanso m'lifupi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutchera mizu ndi mphukira zachinyamata.
- Khwerero lotsatira ndikutumiza ficus ku mphika umene mwasankha kuti bonsai.
- Mutatha kuika, muyenera kuchepetsa mizu ndi nthambi za duwa. Muyenera kuchita njirayi mpaka mutha kuona kuti thunthu la mtengo wa mtsogolo lafika poyera.
Video: Benjamin Ficus Bonsai
Kupanga korona ndi korona
Kuti mutenge mkombero, mumayenera kudzikweza ndi zing'onozing'ono, koma lakuthwa. Yambani kudula masamba kuchokera kumunsi wapansi ndipo pang'onopang'ono mutuluke pamwamba pa mtengo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti masamba okhawo sayenera kudula, koma mapesi ayenera kukhala.
Zidzakhala zofunikira kuchita izi nthawi zambiri - masamba pa ficus akukula mofulumira, choncho, mwamsanga pali masamba khumi ndi awiri pa chomeracho, mutha kutenga chida ndikuchepetsera nambala yawoyi, osati zambiri.
Mukudziwa? Madzi otulutsidwa pa ficus pambuyo mdulidwe, makamaka, ndi latex.Mukhozanso kufupikitsa nthambi za zomera, ngati sizikugwirizana ndi masomphenya anu a korona. Kenaka mudzafunikira chida chapadera, komanso mapulaneti a zamasamba - iwo adzawunikira malo ocheka.
Kuchita nawo mapangidwe a korona sikuli kofunika m'miyezi yoyambilira yachisanu ndi yozizira - iyi ndi nthawi yopumula pamene mtengo umapeza mphamvu. Koma chilimwe ndi kasupe ndizochita zabwino kwambiri. Kuonjezerapo, tikukulangizani kuti mudulidwe wambiri za nthambi ndi masamba kusanayambe kasupe - ficus idzakhala yokonzeka kukula ndi chitukuko.
Kodi mungapereke bwanji mawonekedwe a thunthu?
Timakupatsani njira ziwiri zomwe mungapereke mawonekedwe a mtengo wa mtengo.
Timagawana zinsinsi za kulima bwino zomera kunyumba - achimenes, aspidistra, callas, crocuses, lithops, mitundu, hamedorei, euonymus, ruell, mtengo wa sitiroberi.
Njira yoyamba imatchedwa garter. Kuti muchite izi mukufunikira chingwe cholimba kapena waya. Onetsetsani mapeto omwe ali osankhidwa pamwamba pa bonsai, ina - pambali iliyonse ya thunthu. Chotsatira chake, mumapeza mtengo womwe uli pansi.
Njira yachiwiri ndi mapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito waya. Muyenera kukulunga ficus ndi waya, ndikupatsani fomu yomwe mukufuna. Yambani ndondomekoyi ndi kuthamanga kwa thunthu, kenako pita ku nthambi. Komabe, pali mfundo zingapo zofunika. Mapangidwe angapangidwe masabata angapo mutatha kubzala bonsai. Ma waya ayenera kusankhidwa ochepa thupi kuti asawononge zomera. Ndizofunika kupatsa zokondazo ndi kusungunula. Ndizosatheka kutsegula waya kupita ku nthambi komanso thunthu kwambiri, chifukwa zimatha kukhala pamtunda.
N'zotheka kuchotsa mawonekedwe a waya mu miyezi 2-2.5, panthawiyi bonsai adatenga mawonekedwe omwe mumamuonetsa mothandizidwa ndi waya.
Ndikofunikira! Pakuchotsa chithunzi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito lumo. Ngati mukufuna kutsegula waya, mungathe kuswa nthambi.
Ficus bonsai: chisamaliro choyenera
Ngakhale kuti bonsai amakula kuchokera ficus ndi ficus yochepa, chisamaliro cha chomera chidzafuna pang'ono.
Mwachitsanzo, muyenera kuthirira mtengo tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi ndi zomveka chifukwa chakuti mphika wosankhidwa ndi iwe ndi wochepa. Choncho, dziko lapansili lidzauma mofulumira kwambiri kuposa mu chidebe chachikulu. Komabe, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono madzi kuti udiridwe, mwinamwake mukhoza kuwononga mizu ndi chinyezi.
M'nyengo yotentha, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito utsiwu ndi kusamba madzi pa bonsai. Ngati inu mulibe nthawi ya izi, ndiye mutitsani chinyezi cha chilengedwe mothandizidwa ndi thanki la madzi kapena kasupe wa chipinda, konyezimira mpweya.
M'miyezi yozizira, njira zomwezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati pali batri kapena chipangizo china chotentha pafupi ndi mtengo.
Dyetsani ficus feteleza akhoza ndipo ayenera kukhala. Chowonadi n'chakuti nthaka m'thanesi ya bonsai nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa, ndipo mchere ndi mchere zimatsukidwa mwamsanga - chifukwa chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Choncho, n'zotheka kulima nthaka ndi zinthu zothandiza nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Pochita izi, mungagwiritse ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zopangira ficus kapena mitengo ya kanjedza.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mupange mtengo wa chipinda, mumangofunikira theka la mlingo wa feteleza womwe umasonyezedwa pa phukusi.
Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito m'nthaka m'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira kamodzi masiku 30, m'chaka ndi chilimwe - kawiri kawiri, ndiko kuti, masiku khumi ndi awiri.
Zovuta pakukula mitengo yaying'ono
Kufunika kokasamalira mtengo tsiku ndi tsiku si vuto lokha limene mungakumane nalo. Pali mavuto angapo amene mungakumane nawo mukatha kupereka chomera chomwe mukufuna. Pansipa tikufotokozera zizindikiro ndi chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo, kotero kuti mubwererenso maonekedwe anu abwino ku chilengedwe chanu mwamsanga.
Kuyanika masamba, kuwapotoza iwo pa nsonga. Vutoli limagwirizanitsidwa ndi miyeso yambiri ya ultraviolet. Mwinamwake chomeracho sichikhala ndi mthunzi wokwanira kapena dzuwa limawala mochuluka, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi ya chilimwe. Pankhaniyi, mutha kusintha malo omwe bonsai alipo, kapena mukhoza kuchotsa mumthunzi pamene dzuwa liwombera mwansanga.
Misa yambiri ya masamba. Zimapezeka ngati mtengo: 1) ozizira kuchokera pamtanda; 2) kuwala kwa dzuwa; 3) ozizira kuchokera kumadzi mumamwa madzi.
Kuda mdima wa masamba, maonekedwe a imvi, komanso maonekedwe a nkhungu ndi moss pansi. Chifukwa chake cha mtengo umenewu ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Vutoli likhoza kuthetsedwa pochepetsa kuchepetsa madzi okwanira. Mavuto aakulu, bonsai ayenera kuikidwa pamtunda - nthaka iwonongeka, motero, mizu ingadwale posachedwa ndipo chilengedwe chanu chidzafa.
Kusamba kwa masamba, kuwonekera kwa mapepala pa makungwa. Amasonyeza kusowa kwa madzi. Kupititsa patsogolo chomera, tenga mbale, udzaze ndi madzi, kenaka uikepo kabati ndi mtengo woumba mumtsuko - thovu ziyenera kuoneka pamwamba. Mukawoneka, yanizani ficus ndi thumba la pulasitiki kwa masiku awiri. Izi zidzakuthandizira kuchulukitsa msinkhu wa mlengalenga.
Madzi ali pamtunda wa dziko lapansi atatha kuthirira kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho ficus amavomereza kuti amafunikira malo osiyana. Njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli ndi kubzala mbeu ndikusintha nthaka ndi kuunika komwe yachitidwa ndi feteleza. 
Ndikofunikira! Nthaka imene mizu ya mtengo ilipo siyeneranso kutsukidwa. Ndi bwino kuika ficus mu bafa, komwe kuli mchenga pansi, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi imayenda pansi.
Tsopano, mutadziwa nokha ndi zofunikira za kulima bonsai, ganizirani ngati muli ndi chipiriro chokwanira ndi mphamvu kuti mukulitse. Ndipotu iyi ndi ntchito yovuta, ndipo wina sayenera kuiwala za mbeu imodzi tsiku limodzi. Ngati muli otsimikiza kuti mkati mwanu mumafunikira zojambula zobiriwira, ndiye dzikani nokha ndi uphungu, kuleza mtima ndi zina zathu - kumvetsetsa luso lakale la ku Japan.
Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti
