Ambiri oweta nkhunda mwina ali ndi oimira ochepa chabe a mtundu uwu omwe amasonkhanitsa: Nkhunda za Nikolaev zimasiyana ndi achibale awo osati mwa mitundu yawo yokha, komanso pothamanga. Kuwonjezera apo, zomwe zili mu dovecote sizitenga vuto lalikulu. Ganizirani zomwe zimachitika pa kuswana kwawo m'nkhaniyi.
Chiyambi
Mbalameyi imatuluka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 mumzinda wa Nikolaev ku Ukraine. Izi zinachitika chifukwa cha kuwoloka kwa njiwa, zomwe zimabweretsedwa ndi oyendetsa kuchokera ku mayiko akunja, ndi mbalame ya kumeneko. Chisankho choterocho chinakhudza kwambiri mapangidwe a thanthwe, chifukwa nyengo ya nyengo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Black Sea inatsimikiza momwe mbalame zimathawira.
Fufuzani mitundu yowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi nkhunda za nkhunda, makamaka makamaka ndi njiwa za nkhuni ndi nkhunda zowunikira ku Uzbek.
Kufotokozera ndi Zochitika
Mphuno yambiri, mawonekedwe a thupi ndi minofu yamphamvu - izi sizothandiza zonse nkhunda ya Nikolaev. Chizindikiro chake ndicho kukwera pamwamba popanda kuzungulira ndikufika kutalika kwa nthawi yochepa.
Mukudziwa? Nicholas nkhunda amatha kuthawa kwa maola 10. Zizindikiro zotero za mbalame zimapindula ndi njira yolondola ya zomwe ali nazo komanso maphunziro ozolowereka.
Kawirikawiri, mbalamezi zimachita ulendo umodzi, pomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuyenda ndi mapiko ochulukirapo kwambiri kapena kuthamanga kwambiri, akukwera pamwamba. 
Zizindikiro za kunja
- Kutalika kwa thupi: 25-30 cm.
- Kuphulika: thupi lingakhale lofiira kwambiri, lofiira ndi mdima wandiweyani, wakuda, wofiira, woyera.
- Mutu: wozungulira kapena wopapatiza ndi oblong.
- Maso: wakuda, wakuda kapena wakuda. Pali mitundu yofiirira kapena imvi m'maso.
- Beak: molunjika ndi motalika, yoyera kapena yamadzi.
- Khosi: posachedwa, makulidwe osakanikirana.
- Chifuwa: amamaliza ndi osowa.
- Mapiko: Mmodzi mwa iwo amakhala ndi nthenga 10 zosadalira mchira ndipo, monga lamulo, ali ndi thupi. Nkhunda zowonongeka zimakhala ndi nthenga zisanu ndi ziwiri za mapiko kuti zigwirizane ndi mtundu wa mtundu waukulu.
- Mchira: mosasamala za mtundu waukulu, ndi woyera ndipo umakhala ndi nthenga 12-14.
- Zingwe: zochepa ndi zokhala pamwamba pa bondo.
- Zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi maonekedwe: ectopus ndi maulasi osakhala ofanana.
Makhalidwe a thupi ndi maulendo a ndege
Nthanga iyi ya nkhunda imasankhidwa ndi zizindikiro za ndege: kutha ndi serpastye. Choncho, kuuka koyamba kumapangidwira, ndipo zowonongeka ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka zimakhala zolakwika mkati mwa 5-10 mamita kuchokera kumalo okhala. Kuthamanga kwawo kumafuna nyengo yamphepo ya mamita 7 pamphindi. Amakonda kwambiri m'dera la Nikolaev.
Mukudziwa? Powoloka njiwa za Nikolaev ku Poland, mtundu watsopano unadulidwa, umene umatchedwa "Chiwombankhanga cha Polish". Iwo amathanso kukwera ndege yopanda ndege.
Zilonda zimayenda mozungulira, ndipo kupatuka kwa nyumba ya njiwa kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa momwe mapeto akuyendera, ndipo ndi mamita 200. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kuphulika kwa mapiko awo kumafunika kumutu kapena kumapeto kwa mchira. Chilakolako chothira panthawi yopulumukira ndi kumtunda chimaonedwa kuti ndi chokhalira pamchira ndikutembenukira mu bwalo. 
Mtundu
Mtundu wa nkhunda za Nikolaev zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Nthenga zawo zikhoza kuoneka ngati zachilendo, ndi mtundu wolimba, kupereka chithunzi cha ulemu wa mbalame ndi chisomo. Mtundu uwu umagawidwa pa malo onse a thupi la nkhunda, ndipo anthu omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi chigoba cha ashy amakhala ndi mtundu winawake mwa mawonekedwe a lamba. Mbalame yomwe ili ndi mtundu uwu ikhoza kukhala ndi nthenga yamitundu mu mchira.
Pezani chiyembekezo cha moyo wa njiwa kuthengo ndi kunyumba, zomwe mungapeze kuchokera ku nkhunda ndi kumene mungathe kuona nkhunda anapiye.
Mbalame yokhala ndi mvula yoyera ikhoza kukhala ndi madontho amitundu kumbuyo kwake ndi mapewa. Amatchedwanso "Martin". Anthu achikulire ali ndi mapiko a mapiko, omwe angakhale a bulauni kapena akuda.
Nkhunda yoyera ndi chidutswa cha mtundu pa nape imatchedwa "hryvnia". Malowo akhoza kukhala a buluu, achikasu kapena ofiira ndipo amatchedwa mane. 
Makhalidwe
Nkhundazi zimakhala zokondweretsa komanso zamphamvu, zowonongeka ndi chilengedwe ndi nyengo, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yapamwamba, yachonde komanso yabwino. Chisamaliro chawo chikuwonetseredwa kuti ali ndi udindo wopangira ndi kudyetsa anapiye.
Zofuna zapanyumba
Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera dovecote. Chipinda chino chiyenera kukhala chachikulu, osakhala ndi ma drafts. Kuwonjezera apo, kuwala kwa masana kuyenera kugwera mmenemo. Malo okhalamo mbalame, mungagwiritse ntchito nyumbayi. Kukonzekera koteroko kudzawathandiza kuti achoke kutali, chomwe ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa mbalame zouluka.
Zina ndizofunikira pakuzala ndikukula nkhunda. Werengani malangizowo ndi ndondomeko zomanga dovecote.
Kukula kwa dovecote
Pogwiritsa ntchito dovecote wina ayenera kudziwa kuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tomwe timayenera kukhalapo osachepera 0,5 lalikulu mamita. M) Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kukula kwakukulu adzafunika 1 square. Ndikoyenera kuti osapitilira khumi ndi awiri a nkhunda azikhazikitsidwa m'chipinda chimodzi. Kuwonjezera apo, kutalika kwa chipindacho chiyenera kukhala 1.8-2 m, ndi kukula kwa mawindo - 1/10 pa malo onse pansi. 
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Kutentha kwa mkati kumakhala + 5-7 ° C m'nyengo yozizira komanso + 20 ° C m'chilimwe. Kuonjezera apo, nkofunikira kupanga bwino mpweya wabwino mu dovecote. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito mapaipi ogulitsidwa m'sitolo ndi kuwaika padenga la nyumbayo, kapena mukhoza kugula chida ndi shutter yomwe ilipo.
Zisamba ndi zisa
Kuti pakhale chitetezo choyenera, muyenera kusamala kuti mbalame iliyonse ili ndi chisa chake. Kukula kwawo ndi mawonekedwe ake amasiyana, malingana ndi mtundu wa nkhunda.
Mukudziwa? Nkhunda za Nikolaev zomwe zimakhala mumzinda wa Mariupol nthawi zambiri silingapeze njira yopita ku dovecote. Izi zimachokera ku mphepo yamkuntho.
Kuika nkhwangwa kumakhala kosavuta: kuchita izi, pamtunda wa masentimita 60 kuchokera padenga ndikufunika kukonza zitsulo zopingasa zomwe mbalame zimatha kukhala. Pogwiritsa ntchito zisa, maselo amatha kupangidwa ndipo mbalame zimatha kupeza malo okonzeratu.
Kudyetsa nkhokwe, kumwa mowa, kupalka
Kuti nkhumba za Nikolaev zisamalire bwino ndikofunikira kukonzekera nyumba zawo ndi malo odyetsa ndi ufa. Kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, zipangizozi ziyenera kuwonetsedwa. Motero, njiwa zambiri zimatha kugwirizana ndi munthu wodyetsa.
Alimi odziwa nkhuku amafunika kudziwa momwe angakhalire bwino njiwa.
Komanso, kukhala mbalame zoyera, nkhunda zimafunika kusamba nthawi zonse. Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kukonzekera tank wapadera yamatabwa ndi kuonetsetsa kuti mwadzaza madzi kangapo pa sabata. 
Malonda ndi ukhondo
Maziko a kusunga nkhunda ya Nikolaev ndi malo oyera. Pofuna kuisunga, m'pofunika kuyeretsa dovecote kamodzi pa sabata, kusintha masitala ndi kusamba, kudyetsa komanso kumwa matanki. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa chifukwa zowonongeka kwa mbalame zomwe zimachitika pang'onopang'ono zimachotsa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide, zomwe zingayambitse maonekedwe a matenda.
Dyetsa ndi madzi
Chimodzi mwa magawo ofunikira kwambiri ndi chisamaliro. Choncho, njiwa za Nikolaev ziyenera kudyetsedwa ndi mapira kapena oats oyeretsedwa, chimanga, nandolo, tirigu komanso zakudya zowonjezera mavitamini.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kudyetsa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito phula ndi rapesed. Izi zidzathandiza kuti mvula ikhale yofewa.
Mukasankha tirigu, ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse ntchito mapuloteni mmenemo, chifukwa zingayambitse kugonana kwa mbalame. Kuonjezerapo, musapitirire nkhunda kuti mupewe kunenepa kwambiri. Onani kuti pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mu tirigu. Pafupifupi nkhuku yaikulu imadya 70-80 g chakudya cha tsiku.
M'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kudyetsa mbalame ndi osakaniza a oat ndi balere mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 3. Komanso chosakaniza choyenera cha chimanga, oats, balere ndi mphodza. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti oat ndi balere ndizoyenera kwambiri m'nyengo ya chilimwe.
Zidzakhala bwino kuwerenga zonse zokhudza kudyetsa nkhunda za nkhunda.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa phala la mbalame ndi mkate popanda kusakaniza kwa tirigu, chifukwa izi zingachititse kudzikweza. Kuwonjezera apo, sitiyenera kuiwala zakumwa - ndikofunikira kutsimikiza kuti woledzera nthawi zonse anali wodzaza. 
Maphunziro
Musanayambe maphunziro, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbalameyo ili ndi thanzi labwino, ili ndi nthawi yeniyeni yodyetsa chakudya, komanso zamoyo zimayendera.
Kwa njiwa zazikulu zothamanga, kukhalapo kwa mphepo n'kofunika kwambiri paulendo. Mphamvu yake ndi liwiro zimakhudza kwambiri kutalika ndi nthawi yachitapo. Maphunziro ayenera kuyamba pamene nkhuku imatha kufika mwezi umodzi. Kuyambira koyambirira koyendetsa polojekiti kuyenera kuchitidwa mu khola lotseguka, pambuyo pake mukhoza kuphunzitsa kuchoka padenga la nyumba ya nkhunda. Nthawi yabwino ya tsiku kuti izi zidzakhala m'mawa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa makalasi sikuyenera kupitirira maola 6.
Pang'onopang'ono, katunduyo ayenera kuwonjezeka kuti mbalame ikhoza kuphimba mtunda wautali. 
Matenda wamba
Nkhunda za mtundu uwu zimadwala matenda ena opatsirana. Zizindikiro zazikulu za maonekedwe awo zingakhale:
- chiwonetsero;
- chidziwitso;
- kusowa mgwirizano;
- chisokonezo;
- kukana kuthawa.
Ndikofunikira! Omwe amadziwa zoweta amaonetsetsa kuti ziweto zawo sizikhala ndi conjunctivitis, ndipo zimatha kupewa, nthawi zonse kuyeretsa ziwalo za masomphenya mwa mbalame ndi kusamba.
Kawirikawiri, kubzala nkhunda za Nikolaev mu dovecote kapena kumalo ozungulira nyumba zawo si ntchito yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa mbalame za mtundu umenewu ndizosachita manyazi. Kumbukirani kuti, monga chamoyo chilichonse, njiwa zimafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
Video: Nkhunda za Nikolaev
Maphunziro ochokera ku intaneti pa nkhunda za Nikolaev
Okonda mtundu uwu amayankha ndi kulemba ndemanga zanu.
