Agriculture ndi yoyamba kulima nthaka. M'munda ndi m'munda mungathe kuugwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha, koma ngati malowa ndi aakulu kwambiri, simungathe kuchita popanda luso lamakono. Ndipo ngati tekitala yeniyeni ikuwoneka yayikulu kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo, ikhoza kuyendetsedwa bwino ndi kuyenda kumbuyo kwa thirakitala. Komabe, zipangizozi ndi zosiyana - mtundu uliwonse ndi woyenera ntchito inayake. Choncho, kuti musankhe bwino, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa maonekedwe awo ndi makhalidwe awo.
Kodi kuyenda kumbuyo kwa thirakitala ndi chiyani?
Choyamba, tiyeni timvetsetse chimene motoblock imasiyanasiyana ndi mlimi wamoto, ambiri opanga ndi ogulitsa zipangizo zotero amawaika mumzere umodzi. Wogulitsa galimotoyo ndizochepa zochepetsera, zomwe zingathe kukonza pamwamba pa nthaka. Kuthamanga kuseri kwa terekita ndi njira yothetsera vutoli, chifukwa ikhoza kuthetsa zipangizo zamakono za munda, masamba kapena famu.
Chombochi ndi mini-thirakita pa mawilo awiri, ali ndi injini ndipo ali ndi zida zogwirira ntchito. Kugwira chigwirizano, munthu amatumiza njira yoyenera - motoblock imachita china chirichonse. 
Chifukwa cha mphuno zosiyanasiyana ndi njira zokopa zomwe zingathe kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Kulimala:
- kubzala ndi kukolola - kuyenda kutsogolo kwa thirakitala mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zozunzikirapo zapadera, mwachitsanzo, sungani bwino mbatata (okonza mbatata) ndi kuwasonkhanitsa (mbatata);
- kusokoneza - chithandizo cham'mwamba chimapangitsa kuti mpweya uzikhala ndi madzi komanso zimachotsa namsongole;
Njira imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito njira zothetsera dothi lopanda nthaka ndi yovuta.
- kulima - Njira yofunikira yomwe iyenera kuchitika musanayambe kugwira ntchito: kutembenuza mbali zochepa za dziko lapansi ndikuzisakaniza ndi zakumtunda, zomwe ndizofunika kuti mpweya uperekedwe ndi kupatsa bwino kwa chinyezi;
Kulima ndi ntchito yofunikira ya motoblock. Phunzirani momwe mungakumbire nthaka mothandizidwa ndi motoblock.
- hilling - kukweza mzere, womwe umathandiza kukwera kwa mpweya ndikuchotseratu zomera kuchokera ku chinyezi chowonjezera.
- wosunthira rotary - kudula udzu;
- chombo - kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya umapezeka;
- chopper - kusonkhanitsa zitsamba kuchokera ku nthaka;
- mpampu wamoto - kuthirira.
Ntchito ya nyengo yozizira. Chida chamakono chidzapambana ndi kuchotsa njira zoyenda pansi kuchokera ku chisanu ndi chipale chofewa (kusinthanitsa ndi kusonkhanitsa zitsalira zazing'ono kwambiri) mothandizidwa ndi mphuno yapadera.
Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane mmene mungapangire chipale chofewa ndi manja anu.
Kuwongolera njira zoyendayenda pogwiritsa ntchito motoblock Kutumiza katundu. Pali njira zamakono zamakampani oyendetsa matrekita pamsika umene sungangotumiza zokolola ku malo osungiramo katundu, komanso kuthandizira kuchotsa chipale chofewa, zinyalala kapena kutumiza zipangizo zomangira.
Mukudziwa? Terekita yoyamba yoyendayenda inakhazikitsidwa ku Germany ndi Dr. von Maenburg mu 1911. Chinthu chosiyana ndi chipangizo ichi chinali magwero ake - magetsi. Chipangizocho chinali ndi zovuta zambiri, chifukwa zinali zofunikira kutsegula kugwirizana, ndipo injini imatuluka mwamsanga.
Mitundu ya tillers
Mitima yamoto imayikidwa motsatira zizindikiro zingapo. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukula kwake:
- Njira yopezera. Izi zimakhala zabwino kwambiri popanga ntchito za nyengo m'madera ang'onoang'ono. Zili zochepa, kukula pang'ono ndi mphamvu yochepa. Zojambulidwa zosiyanasiyana ndizochepa. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwazing'ono komanso osati kawiri kawiri pachaka, mtundu uwu wa tiller ukhoza kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali popanda mtengo wapadera wosamalira.
- Zida za nyumba kapena munda. Banja likusowa magulu amphamvu komanso ochuluka omwe ali ndi malo akuluakulu. Amakulolani kuti mugwire bwino malo akuluakulu (20-30 acres) ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu (pafupifupi tsiku lililonse ndi nthawi yopuma). Zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka kwa makina awa.
- Motoblock kwa processing virgin namtunda. Ndi ntchitoyi, mukufunikira makina olemera. Iye amatha kuthana ndi nthaka iliyonse popanda kuchotsera pa kunyalanyaza ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Njirayi inapangidwira kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi kusankha kwakukulu kwa zomangiriza, kuphatikizapo matayala othandiza katundu.
- katswiri - kuyambira 5 mpaka 10 malita. c. (palinso amphamvu kwambiri) omwe angathe kugwira ntchito bwino pamadera oposa mahekitala 30;
- azimidzi - 4.5-5 malita. ndi., mwangwiro woyenera ziwembu za 20-30 maekala;
- banja - mpaka 4 malita. ndi., dera lokonzekera kufika mahekitala 15.
- zipangizo zolemera (Makilogalamu 90-120) - amalola kukonza zolemetsa dongo;
- pafupifupi (Makilogalamu 70-90) - adzalumikizana ndi mitundu yambiri ya nthaka;
- zipangizo zowala (mpaka makilogalamu 70) - yoyenera kulima, kulima nthaka.
Malinga ndi mtundu wa fuel tillers ndi:
- Petrol. Mitundu yamagetsi ndi injini iyi ili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zimagwira ntchito mosavuta, sizimapanga phokoso lambiri ndipo zimakhala zamoyo zonse.
- Dizeli. Njirayi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri ndipo imatha kunyamula katundu wambiri, choncho, yapangidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito madera akuluakulu. Zowononga - mtengo wapatali wa teknoloji ndi phokoso lalikulu.
Malingana ndi njira yosamutsira mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku zipangizo zojambulidwa, olima amagawanika kukhala mitundu iwiri:
- Ndikutumizira kwa V-belt. Choyenera kwambiri pa ntchito yowala (udzu, mabedi, maluwa, etc.).
- Ndi PTO (PTO). Amapanga zitsanzo zamakono komanso zolemera. Zida zamakono zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamtunduwu ndi kusankha kwakukulu kwazowonjezera.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati PTO inaikidwa pa motoblock, ndi bwino kuti imayima kutsogolo. Izi zimapangitsa kukhazikitsa mower ndi zipangizo za kuchotsa chisanu.
Kusankha kuyenda-kumbuyo terekita
Kuti musankhe bwino muyenera kufufuza momwe zinthu zikuyendera komanso ntchito zomwe mukukumana nazo. Malingana ndi izi, zofunika pa teknoloji. 
Mfundo zazikulu:
- mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya ntchito;
- mtundu wa nthaka;
- kukula kwa malo ogwira ntchito.
Onani zowonjezera zamagetsi monga Zubr JR-Q12E, Cascade, Centaur 1081D, ndi Salyut 100.
Mukatha kufotokoza zizindikiro zomveka bwino, mungasankhe mitundu yoyenera. Mwachitsanzo:
- kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu tsiku ndi tsiku;
- nthaka - muyezo;
- gawo - 23 nsalu.
Malingana ndi izi, ndinu oyenera: njinga zamoto zogwiritsa ntchito nyumba ya dziko, azimidzi, olemera. 
Chinthu chotsatira ndicho kudziwa makhalidwe enieni:
- Zida zamtundu. Ngati zofunikira zogula katunduyo zikuphatikizapo kunyamula katundu, muyenera kumvetsera mawilo: ayenera kukhala aakulu ndi chifuwa pofuna kutsimikizira kukhulupilika ndi kukhazikika.
- Ndi nthawi ya chaka. Kuti tigwire ntchito m'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kugula thirakitala yoyenda ndi injini ya mafuta. Idzathetsa mavuto ndi kuyamba pomwe nyengo yozizira idzayamba.
- Mphuno yamagetsi (mower, pump pump). Zotsatira zoterezi zimafuna shaft yochotsa mphamvu.
- Njira yothetsera - kuyambira magetsi kapena kuyamba koyambira kwa galimoto. Posankha pakati pa mitundu iwiri yofanana, ndi bwino kugula chinthu chimene chimayambira magetsi.
Tsopano mukhoza kuyamba kulingalira zitsanzo zabwino. Choncho ndikofunika kulingalira mbali zazikulu za magulu onse omwe alipo:
- Mitima yamoto kuchokera ku mayiko a CIS - mtengo wochepa wa chipangizo chomwecho ndi zigawo zotsatilapo ("Neva", "Belarus", "Ugra", "Agat" ndi ena). Mtundu wa ntchito ndiwowonjezereka; zimadalira onse opanga komanso mtundu wa motorblock.
- Zida za ku China - ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu mu khalidwe, luso laumisiri ndi zizindikiro za mtengo. Poganizira mosamala, n'zotheka kupeza mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri pa mtengo wotsika kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mungagule mosavuta mankhwala omwe angapeze kutupa ndi mavuto ena m'chaka choyamba cha ntchito.
- Mitundu ya opanga otchuka (Texas, Husqvarna, Caiman, Patriot, Hyundai, Daewoo ndi ena) - makamaka odalirika, apamwamba kwambiri. Zowononga - mtengo wapatali wosaneneka wa chigawocho ndi zigawo zake zosinthika.
Muyeneranso kulingalira:
- Ogwiritsa ntchito maganizo. Kuwerengera ndemanga "eni ake" omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri - izi zidzateteza kuipa kosadziwika, komanso kuzindikira zolephera zomwe ogulitsa sangakuchenjezeni. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yonse yosinthidwayo imalowa mumsika, omwe osagwiritsa ntchito nthawi kuti ayese.
- Kupezeka kwa kugula. Musanayambe kusankha, muyenera kuika ndalama zanu kuti musataye nthawi pophunzira zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
- Kufunika kwa ndalama. Chotsatira ichi chidzakulolani kuti "mutulutse msanga" ambiri opanga ndi zitsanzo.
Dokotala wodalirika wotchuka kwambiri wa 2018
Zitsanzo zomwe zikuphatikizidwayi ndigawidwa m'magulu a kuwala, apakati ndi olemera omwe amasankhidwa bwino kwambiri pa ntchito zinazake.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti musatenge tillers ndi PTO, komwe kulibenso njira yolekanitsira - ngati iphwasuka, sikungathe kuisintha.
Njira yabwino yopangira kuwala
Tillers ochepa kwambiri amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito zosavuta zomwe sizifuna mphamvu yapamwamba.
"Munda wa Aurora 750"
Chigawochi chimakhala choyamba pakati pa bajeti yopepuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kusamalira ndi kukula kwake. Kulemera kwa njirayi ndi 52 makilogalamu okha, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala zophweka komanso zothandiza kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Mtengowu uli ndi chipangizo china cha China chomwe chimakhala mamita 203 cubic. cm, mphamvu ndi malita 8. c. 
Chizindikiro cha ntchitoyi ndi chabwino kwambiri: ndi mafuta 370 g / ola, chipangizochi chingagwire ntchito popanda maola 7-8.
Kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zilipo zingathe kudziwika kuti mower ndi chipangizo chochotsa chisanu. Wopanga wapereka mtundu wapadera wa kulumikiza, kotero kuti muyike zipangizo kuchokera kwa opanga ena, muyenera kugula adapita yapadera.
Zowononga - kutsika kosavuta, komwe koyamba kumalephera chifukwa cha katundu wambiri, komanso kusowa kwa zipangizo kuti zisinthe kutalika kwa chiwombankhanga.
Mtengo wa chipangizo: 11000-12000 hryvnia (24000 rubles kapena $ 420). 
"Neva MB-1B-6.0 FS"
Zida za ku Russia zimadziwika kwa alimi kuyambira nthawi ya USSR. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha zosinthidwa zamakono ndi kukhazikitsa chipangizo chatsopano cha mphamvu chinapangitsa chipangizo chimodzi kukhala chabwino kwambiri m'kalasi la tillers lopepuka. Ubwino wa Neva ndi injini ya American Briggs & Stratton RS950 yokhala ndi malita 7. c. ndi buku la masentimita 205. onani
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziŵa zamakono za Neva MB 2 motoblock ndi zojambulidwa nazo.
Msonkhano wa Chitchaina wa mphamvuyo sunakhudze kuwonetsetsa kwake ndi kudalirika - izi zinatsimikiziridwa ndi mayesero apadera, pomwe makinawo anagwira ntchito maola pafupifupi 250. Zitatha izi, palibe zizindikiro za kuvala. 
Ubwino winanso: MultiAgro yopititsa patsogolo kwambiri ndi magetsi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti nthawi zonse zitha kugwira ntchito. Kusinthana kuli pa gudumu ndikuyenda ndi izo, zomwe ziri zothandiza kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha chiyambi cha Russia cha chipindachi, pali kusankha kwakukulu kwa zipangizo zonse zogwirira ntchito pamsika kuti zikhale m'malo ena.
Chovuta chachikulu ndi cholemera cholemera makilogalamu 74, zomwe zimapangitsa mavuto kuyenda.
Mtengo wa chipangizo: 21000-22000 hryvnia (43,000 rubles, kapena madola 780). 
"Cayman Vario 60S TWK" "
Chipangizo ichi ndi cha chiyambi cha French ndipo chiri ndi gawo la mphamvu Subaru Robin EP 17 ndi buku la 167 cubic mita. onani Pali kusintha kosavuta kokha, komwe kumachepetsa ntchito kwa wosuta makina. Zowonjezereka ndizowonjezereka kwambiri pamtunda waukulu.
Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi akatswiri a dipatimenti yowonetsera chiwerengero cha Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, pafupifupi 2/3 za zida zogwiritsira ntchito payekha-mu tillers zimapangidwa ndi manja ndi eni eni. Kubwera ndi chida chatsopano cha motoklocks ndi ntchito yomwe anthu ambiri amachititsa padziko lonse lapansi.
Zoipa za chitsanzo ichi ndi zolemera zazikulu 73 kg, mphamvu yayikulu, komanso mtengo waukulu: 27,000 hryvnia (54,000 rubles, kapena $ 980). 
Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga
Medium tillers - mtundu wofala kwambiri. Zimakhala zolemera makilogalamu 70 mpaka 90, mphamvu mu ma lita 5-7. c. ndi m'lifupi la nthaka ya masentimita 70-130. Choncho, ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba m'madera ang'onoang'ono.
"Aurora SPACE-YARD 1050D"
Mgwirizanowu umakhala woyenera mu gulu lino. Lili ndi mphamvu yapamwamba yapamwamba ya dizilo (mphamvu - 5.4 hp komanso phokoso lamtundu wotsika kwambiri pa rpm), komanso zizindikiro zabwino zazitsulo.
Komanso, omangawo amayesa kuti ayambe mosavuta chipangizochi (kupatula choyambira cha magetsi, chipangizochi chimakhala ndi kuponderezedwa kwapadera, komwe kumayambitsa kuyambika kwa manambala). 
Makhalidwe apadera a mankhwalawa:
- kusuntha kutalika kwa 80-120 cm;
- kuya - 30 cm;
- injini mphamvu - 295 cu. onani;
- galimoto yamtengo wapatali - 3.4 malita.
Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda malire komanso kusowa kwa ngolo.
Mtengo wamakono wamakono: 31000 hryvnia (64000 rubles kapena madola 1120). 
"Agate HMD-6.5"
Mtengowu ndi wolemera ndi wolemera (makilogalamu 85), wokhala ndi mphamvu yabwino ya Hammermann CF 178F ndi zotsatira za malita 6.5. ndi. zomwe zimapereka zizindikiro zabwino za poglovye.
Chipangizocho chili ndi mtengo wotsika, kuti mapangidwe a chipangizocho ndi ophweka kwambiri - lamba loyendetsa galimotoyo, mawotchiwo ali pamtunduwu, zojambulidwa zingathe kukhazikitsidwa bwino kutsogolo.
Makhalidwe ofunika:
- nthaka processing width - 90 cm;
- kukula kwa kulima - 25 cm;
- injini mphamvu - 295 cu. onani;
- galimoto yamtengo wapatali - 3.5 malita.
Ubwino: chokhazikika mphamvu ya dizilo komanso chipangizo chabwino chotengera kachilombo ka HIV.Zowonongeka: kuyamba koyambira kokha, komanso kukhazikitsa zochepa zojambulidwa.
Mtengo wa chipangizo: 15,000 hryvnia (29,500 rubles, kapena $ 520).
"Mobile K Ghepard CH395"
Chinthu chapadera cha mankhwalawa ndi chosiyana ndi magudumu ndi odulira, zomwe zimapereka ntchito yosavuta kwambiri. Anthu a chipindachi adzalandira mapepala ambiri otsogolera magawo 4 kutsogolo ndi 3 mmbuyo, komanso magetsi amphamvu, odalirika komanso ogwira ntchito a Kohler. Chombocho chimakhala ndi chitsulo cholimba, chitsulo chosungunula ndi chitsulo chenicheni chotseka. 
Kuchita:
- kufalikira kwa nthaka kufalikira - 50-70 cm;
- kuya kwa kulowa - 20 cm;
- mphamvu ya mphamvu - 275 cu. onani;
- galimoto yamtengo wapatali - 7,2 malita;
- kulemera kwake - 128 kg.
Zowopsya - zosagwirizana ndi mitundu yambiri ya chipani, zolemetsa zazikulu ndi kukula, komanso mtengo wolemera, umene uli wolemera kwambiri m'minda yambiri yaumwini. 
Mtengo wa chipangizo: kuchokera pa 64,000 hryvnia (rubles 129,000 kapena madola 2320).
Mukudziwa? Posachedwapa, anthu ambiri okhala kumpoto kwa Russia akhala akudziwika bwino kwambiri ndi magalimoto oyenda panyanja. Chipangizo choterocho chikhoza kufika msinkhu wa makilomita 50 / h pa chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa, chimakhala chabwino kwambiri ndipo chimatha kunyamula anthu awiri.
The heavy tillers
Maselowa ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu, mphamvu yochuluka ndi yodalirika. Iwo ali oyenera ntchito iliyonse yomwe imafuna njira yotereyi.
"Belarus 09N-01"
Kugonjetsedwa kosavomerezeka kwa chiwerengero cha heavy-duty tiller ndi Minsk unit, yomwe yapangidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa 1992. Kwa mibadwo isanu ndi iwiri yokonzanso ndi zipangizo zatsopano, okonza amatha kuthetseratu zophophonya zonse zofunikira ndikupanga bwino "workhorse" kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana. 
Honda injini imaonedwa kuti ndi yopambana kwambiri komanso yopindulitsa pa nthawi yomweyo. Chipangizochi chikusonkhanitsidwa bwino, chokhala ndi zinthu zabwino, komanso chophweka mu chipangizo ndi ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu aliyense ayambe kuwunikira.
Kuchita:
- kuchuluka kwa momwe zimakhudzira nthaka - 45-70 cm;
- mphamvu ya mphamvu - 270 cu. см.;
- вес - 175 кг.
Существенные минусы: исключительно ручной запуск, значительный вес агрегата, сравнительно большой расход горючего.Актуальная рыночная цена: около 39500 гривен (79900 рублей или 1430 долларов).
"PATRIOT Boston 9DE"
Zina mwazochokera ku Chinese chimayambira - mphamvu (9 hp) injini ya dizeli ndi kupezeka kwa magalimoto awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi chiŵerengero chochepa cha gear, kotero chipangizochi ndi chabwino kwambiri polima malo "olemetsa", kumene kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zosaganizira. 
Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvutrain ndi mphamvu ya kachilomboka zimakulolani kutenga malo ambiri a dothi podutsa limodzi, osakwanira ndi njinga zamoto zambiri. Zisonyezero za phokoso, kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini ndi kudalirika kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu ziri pamtunda wapamwamba ndipo zimagwirizana ndi mtengo.
Kuchita:
- kukula kwa nthaka - 125 cm;
- mapiritsi a diameter - masentimita 340;
- chithunzi;
- kulemera - 165 makilogalamu mokwanira.
Zowononga - chiwerengero chochepa cha magawo opatsirana popanda kusiyana, komanso kukula kwakukulu ndi kulemera kwake, komwe kumapangitsa kuti pulogalamuyi ikhale yovuta.Mtengo wa chipangizo: 28,500 hryvnia (57,000 rubles kapena madola 1030).
"Herz DPT1G-135E"
Mofanana ndi chitsanzo choyambirira, motoblock iyi ya China ili ndi injini ya dizeli yomwe ili ndi mphamvu 9 lita. c. ndi makina awiri othamanga. Ponena za kumanga khalidwe ndi kudalirika kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zipangizo "Patriot" ndi "Herz". 
Koma wogula katunduyu ayenera kukumbukira kuti mtundu wa mankhwalawa si wamba ku CIS, choncho, sikungatheke kuyang'ana malo ogwirira ntchito yokonzekera chipangizochi.
Ndipo malingaliro omwe ali nawo pazinthu zapakhomo ndi zochepa kwambiri. Kotero, woyenda uyu amakhala ndi malo atatu okha, ngakhale ndi phindu lalikulu la mtengo.
Kuchita:
- kufalikira kwa nthaka - 100-135 masentimita;
- hilling depth - 38 cm;
- mphamvu ya mphamvu - 403 cu. cm;
- galimoto yamtengo wapatali - 5.5 malita;
- kulemera kwake - 157 kg.
Ubwino wa tiller ndi: mtengo wotsika, ntchito yotsika mtengo, kudalirika kwa zigawo zazikuluzikulu.Cons: kusowa kusiyana ndi zochepa zipangizo.
Mtengo wamakono wamakono: 24,000 hryvnia (rubanda 48,500, kapena madola 870).
Ndikofunikira! Kugwiritsira ntchito mwakhama kwa tiller mu maola 4-5 oyambirira opititsa patsogolo kumachititsa injini kuvala. Choncho, nkofunika kuthamanga motoblock (osalola kuvomereza) malinga ndi njira zotsatirazi: kuyamba, kutentha (1-2 mphindi), kugwira ntchito popanda katundu wolemera ndi mphindi 20-25 ndi zosokoneza - 15-20 mphindi 4- Maola asanu Pambuyo pake, kuthamanga kumeneku kumayesedwa kwathunthu ndipo mukhoza kuyamba ntchito yonse.
Motoblock ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri, ngati chosankhidwa bwino ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chingathandize kwambiri mwiniwakeyo ndi ndalama zochepa. Choncho, kupeza kwake kuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala ndi kulingalira, ndiye kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino chipangizo kwa zaka zambiri.
