Nkhuku zoyera: kufotokoza za mitundu ndi mitanda

Nkhuku zoyera zapeza mbiri pakati pa nkhuku, koma n'zovuta kuti zisataye pakusankha mbalame ku munda wawo. Lero tidzakupatsa mafotokozedwe ndi machitidwe omwe amapezeka kwambiri, kuti alimi aliwonse amatha kusankha choyenera kukula.

Chiyambi

Kuweta nkhuku sikunapangidwe mwamsanga, poyamba poyamba kunali koweta ndipo kunkagwidwa ndi chilengedwe. Palibe deta yeniyeni yomwe munthu amapanga nkhuku kunyumba, koma pali lingaliro kuti izi zinachitika zaka zoposa zikwi zinai zapitazo. Kufunika kwa mazira kumapangitsa anthu kuganizira momwe angapangire nkhuku kupanga nkhuku. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, nkhuku zapakhomo zinagawanika mu dzira ndi nyama. Pa mitundu yonse ya nkhuku zoyera, gawo lochepa chabe limaonedwa kuti ndi lachilengedwe, nkhuku zonse zimachokera ku ntchito ya obereketsa.

Kukolola kwa akazi kumanyamula mazira kumadalira mazira, omwe amaikidwa mu thupi lawo panthawi yobereka. Chiwerengero cha mazira a nkhuku ndi pafupifupi 1000, koma obereketsa amatha kutulutsa nkhuku, zomwe zimafika ku 4000. Izi ndi zomwe zimalola mbalame kusonyeza zotsatira zabwino potenga mazira.

Ndikofunikira! Kukolola kwambiri kumapezeka nkhuku zosakwana zaka zitatu, kenako dzira lawo limachepa.

Mbuzi ndi mitanda ya nkhuku zoyera

M'munsimu muli mitundu yambiri ya njuchi yomwe imayika nkhuku ndi makhalidwe awo.

Silver Adler

Chiyambi cha mtundu uwu chinaikidwa pa famu ya nkhuku ya Adler. Nkhukuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi nyengo, kusintha kumatenga masiku angapo okha. Iwo ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu, chifukwa chakuti amatsutsa matenda ambiri (mwachitsanzo, nthomba) ndipo amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu (nkhuku, pafupifupi, 97%, akuluakulu - 85%). Mbalamezi zimayenda bwino ndi oimira nkhuku zina.

Kulemera kwake kwa miyala ya Adler yamatenda kumakhala pakati pa 3.5 ndi 4 makilogalamu, nkhuku za 2.8 mpaka 3 kg. Dzira lawo lopanga mazira limatenga zaka zinayi, zomwe ndizitali kuposa zigawo zina zambiri. Chaka chilichonse, nkhuku imanyamula 180-200 kuwala kofiirira mazira, aliyense akulemera 56-58 g. Zina mwazokha mbalamezi ndi izi:

• Oyera mutu, mutu wachikasu;
• maso ozungulira ndi nsalu zamkuwa;
• lobes wofiira;
• chophika chokhala ndi tsamba lakati ndi mano asanu;
• Thupi liri la kukula kwapakati, kumbuyo kuli kolunjika ndi kwakukulu;
• mchira wophimba ndi zophimba;
• miyendo yapakati ndi tibiae otchuka, tarsus bwino bwino.

Mukudziwa? Nkhuku zimatha kuzindikira ndi kukumbukira maphunziro oposa 100, kuphatikizapo anthu.

Bress Gallic

Mtundu uwu unabzalidwa ndi Achiferezi obereketsa, ndi kunyada kwa dziko lino. Silikuwoneka pano, koma chifukwa cha chidwi cha alimi a nkhuku mmenemo, m'tsogolomu pali mwayi waukulu kuti mbalame izi zifalikira posachedwa. Nkhuku za Bress Gallic zimadziwika ndi mphamvu komanso kupirira, komanso kukhala ndi bata. Chofunika kwambiri cha mtundu uwu ndi kusakaniza msanga kwa oimirawo, ndi mwezi umene achinyamata akukula kale ndi wolemera kuchokera 550 mpaka 750 g.

Oimira a mtundu umenewu amadziwika ndi kukula bwino komanso kulemera kwake, miyendo imakhala yolemera makilogalamu 5, nkhuku - mpaka makilogalamu 3.5. Chaka ndi chaka, nkhuku zimabweretsa nkhuku kapena mazira oyera, omwe ndi olemera 60-85 g. Kunja kwa Bress wa Gallic nkhuku ndi motere:

• mutu wokoma mtima pa khosi lalifupi, wokongoletsedwa ndi chisa cha katatu;
• maso aakulu, akuda kwambiri;
• Zovala zooneka ngati maimondi zoyera;
• thupi lopakatikatidwa ndi chifuwa champhamvu;
• mchira pamphepete mwa 45 ° mpaka m'chiuno, nsonga zazikulu;
• miyendo inayi yoponda miyendo imvi-buluu.

Ndizosangalatsa kudziwana bwino ndi mitundu yosazolowereka ya nkhuku.

Tsiku la May

Nkhukuzi zimawonekera ku famu ya Pervomaisky yomwe ili m'chigawo cha Kharkiv (Ukraine), kumene anabadwira mu 1935-1941. Iwo ali odekha osati osangalala, amalekerera mosavuta kutentha kwa kutentha ndipo samasiyana mu zokondweretsa. Oimira mwalawo sagwira ntchito, osati chifukwa cha zovuta. Tambala wamkulu akulemera makilogalamu 4, ndipo nkhuku imalemera makilogalamu 3.5. Chaka chilichonse nkhuku zimapereka mazira ofiira 180 mpaka 200, omwe amalemera pafupifupi 60 g. Zizindikiro za kunja kwa nkhuku za May Day zikuwoneka ngati izi:

• mutu uli wochuluka, chomera ndi chaching'ono cha pinki, mlomo uli wachikasu;
• Mtundu wa diso ndi lalanje-wachikasu;
• earlobes wofiira;
• miyendo yamoto, yongolerani;
• mchira wawung'ono uli pambali ya 15 ° kupita ku thupi;
• miyendo yachifupi yachikasu.

Phunzirani zambiri za nkhuku ya May Day.

Leggorn

Dziko lakwawo ndi Italy, kenako adayamba chidwi ndi America mu mbalamezi, ndipo kuchokera kwa ife akhala akudziwika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. N'zotheka kukula mbalame zimenezi kum'mwera ndi kumpoto, chifukwa zimadziwika bwino ndi zochitika zachilengedwe. Kukonza nkhuku kumadzichepetsa, chinthu chofunika kwambiri: kuwapatsa zazikulu komanso zopanda nkhuku nkhuku, zomwe zimakhala zouma.

Mizere imalemera makilogalamu atatu, ndipo nkhuku, pafupifupi, 2 kg. Chaka ndi chaka, nkhuku zimabweretsa mazira oyera 170 mpaka 240 olemera pafupifupi 60 g. Kunja kwawo kumawoneka motere:

• mutu ndi wautali, tsamba la scallop;
• Maso a nyama zinyama ali ndi mdima wa lalanje, ndi ukalamba umakhala wochuluka;
• zovala zoyera ndi zoyera;
• thupi likulumikizana, chifuwa chikuyenderera patsogolo, kubwerera molunjika;
• mchira kumbali;
• miyendo ya kutalika kwake.

Mukudziwa? Mu 1971, ku America ndi mu 1977, mazira analembedwa ku USSR ndi 9 majekesiti payekha.

Chizungu cha Russia

Mbalamezi zinasankhidwa ku USSR mu 1929-1953, ndipo ma white white and aborigines akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwoloka. Zilibe zopanda nzeru, zotsutsana ndi matenda ambiri osaphatikizika, zimakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri, zimakhala zophweka kudya ndi kusunga.

Kulemera kwake ndi kochepa: mazira amatha kulemera makilogalamu 3, ndi nkhuku - mpaka 2.1 makilogalamu. Amayamba kunyamula mazira kuchokera pa miyezi isanu ndi chaka ndikubweretsa mazira oyera 200 mpaka 240 omwe amafika pa 56 mpaka 60 g. Kunja, mbalamezi zikuwoneka ngati izi:

• mutu wamkati wapakati ndi mulomo wachikasu wamphongo;
• mu nkhuku, kachilombo kamangokhala kumbali, mu makola, imayima molunjika ndipo ili ndi mano asanu;
• chovala choyera;
• thupi lokhala ndi mafupa amphamvu ndi mapiko oyenerera;
• mchira msanga, bwino kwambiri;
• miyendo yamphamvu ya sing'anga kukula kwa chikasu.

Onaninso: Nkhuku zapamwamba 10 zakufiira

Hisex White

Dziko lakwawo ndi Holland, komwe adabweretsedwa ku kampani ya Dutch "Hendrix Genetics Company" m'zaka za m'ma 70 za m'ma 2000. Hisex White imadziwika ndi vivacity, kuyenda ndi ntchito. Anapitiriza kulimbikitsa matenda opatsirana, matenda a fungal ndi helminthic. Mbalamezi zimadziwika ndi zokolola zabwino, ngakhale kutsika kwa 1.8 makilogalamu a zinyama ndi 1.6 makilogalamu a nkhuku. Pakadutsa miyezi 4-4.5, nkhuku zimayamba kumanga ndi kupanga chaka chilichonse pafupifupi 300 mazira ofiira, omwe amayeza kuyambira 63 mpaka 65 g. Kwa mbalame za mtanda wa Haysex White zizindikiro za kunjazi ndizochitika:

• mutu wawung'ono ndi chisa chofiira ngati tsamba;
• maso owoneka ofiira;
• thupi labwino kwambiri ndi chifuwa chachikulu;
• mchira fluffy ndi molunjika;
• miyendo yayitali.

Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge: Kuswana ndi kukonza nkhuku kwa oyamba kumene; Mitundu yabwino; ndi nkhuku zamoyo bwanji; kuposa nkhuku mazira, nyama ndi offal ndi zothandiza.

Wopera woyera

Mbalame zomwe zili pamtandawu zimawonekera kwa obereketsa achi Dutch. Chifukwa cha zitsanzo zosankhidwa bwino ndi kubereketsa bwino, nkhuku za Shaver White zinagwedezeka, zomwe, zikadya ndi zakudya zing'onozing'ono, zimakhala ndi dzira lalikulu.

Sizitha kumenyana, kukhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu komanso chokwanira. Tsatani bwino nkhuku zomwe ziri ndi khalidwe labwino. Kulemera kwa tambala ndi nkhuku kumakhala pakati pa 1.6 ndi 2 kg. Kuvala White kumapereka chaka kuchokera ma 200 mpaka 250 mazira oyera ndi chipolopolo champhamvu ndi kulemera kwa 63 g.

Zizindikiro zakunja za mbalame zophimba zoyera:

• mutu waung'onoting'ono, liwu lolimba lachikasu;
• Chisa cha mtundu ndi ndolo zofiira;
• Chifuwa ndi mimba zodzaza, zowonongeka, pali nsana ya kumbuyo pakati;
• mchira wawung'ono;
• miyendo yolimba yomwe ikusowa maula.

Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kubereka nkhuku zabwino, nkofunika kutentha kutentha mkatikati mwa 10% + 20 ° C. Pa kutentha m'munsimu +10 ° C, chiŵerengero cha nkhuku chimachepa, ndipo ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa, chikhoza kuima palimodzi.

Moscow

Icho chinachotsedwa kuyambira 1947 mpaka 1959. ku Zagorsk (dera la Moscow) makamaka pazochitika za nyengo ya Russia. Oimira maiko a Moscow amalekerera bwino ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana, ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso amatsutsidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

Mazira akuluakulu amatha kulemera kwa makilogalamu 3.1, nkhuku - 2.4 makilogalamu. Chaka chilichonse, kuika nkhuku kumapereka mazira 180 ndi mtundu woyera ndi kulemera kwa 55 g.

Zina zakunja kwa nkhuku za ku Moscow:

• mutu waung'ono wa pinki, njuchi yamkasu;
• lobes ali ofiira-oyera;
• Thupi liri lakuya, chifuwa chimakhala champhongo ndi kuzungulira, kumbuyo kuli kutalika ndi kathyathyathya;
• mapiko ndi mchira bwino;
• miyendo yochepa, yachikasu.

Palinso mtundu wa Moscow ndi mtundu wakuda.

Chimanga

Nkhukuzi zinafalikira ku UK pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Mbalame yoyamba sizinatenge mazira ambiri, koma mothandizidwa ndi kuswana, asayansi adatha kusintha izi. Mbalamezi zimadziwika ndi kupirira kwabwino kwa nyama zinyama, kusintha kwabwino m'madera osiyanasiyana komanso kudzichepetsa podyetsa. Nkhono za Cornish zimakhalanso ndi ubwino wokhala ndi makina abwino.

Nthanga za chimanga zimakhala ndi zokolola zapamwamba za nyama.

Kulemera kwa zinyama akuluakulu ndi 3.5-4.5 makilogalamu, ndipo nkhuku zimakhala zolemera makilogalamu 3.5. Dzira lopanga chimanga ndi mazira 130-160 pachaka. Mtundu wa chipolopolo cha dzira ndi bulauni, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 50-60 g. Chikhalidwe cha chimanga chili ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• mutu ndi waukulu, chisa;
• earlobes wofiira;
• thupi lolemera ndi lopindika, chifuwa chachikulu;
• mchira wamafupi;
• miyendo ndi kusowa kwala.

Nkhuku zoyera zimakhala zofunikira pakati pa alimi a nkhuku chifukwa cha zokolola zawo. Pogwiritsira ntchito zidziwitso za mitundu yambiri ya nkhuku, mungapeze malo abwino okhalamo nkhuku yanu.