Ngati mwakhala mukulima munda ndipo mulibe kokwanira m'munda wa mphesa zoyambirira, ndiye nkhaniyi ndi yanu.
Kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa Rombik, mukhoza kukolola mowolowa manja molimbika komanso mtengo.
Zambiri zokhudza zosiyana
Mphesa pansi pa dzina la Rombik inalengedwa ndi wotchuka breeder Evgeny Georgievich Pavlovsky, yemwe anayamba kuswana mitundu ya mafakitale ndi zapadera minda mu 1985. Rhombik anawonekera mu 2010 pambuyo pa mchimweneyo atadutsa mitundu ya Krasotka ndi Superextra.
Zatsopano zimakhala mphesa zabwino "Arcadia", "Tason", "White Delight", "December", "Zikondwerero", "Victoria", "Chisoni", "Valentine", "Crimson", "Augustine".
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimapsa kwambiri mwamsanga ndipo mwamsanga amasonkhanitsa shuga. Zipatso zowonjezera zimatha kupezeka patatha miyezi itatu maluwawo akuphuka, makamaka kwinakwake koyambirira kwa mwezi wa July.
Zipatso makhalidwe
Masangowa ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera, osakanikirana, osasuntha m'manja, kusunga maonekedwe awo kwa nthawi yaitali. Kukolola kumakhala kosavuta, chifukwa masangowa amalowa bwino.
Brush iliyonse imalemera kuchokera 500 g mpaka 1 makilogalamu. Ndipo kulemera kwa mabulosi amodzi kumachokera ku 10 mpaka 15 g.
Dzina la zosiyanasiyana limachokera ku mawonekedwe a zipatso, ndiko kuti, diamondi. Zipatso zimadziwika ndi mdima wonyezimira wakuda, ndipo pamwamba pake pali prune (sera) yoyera patina.
Kukoma kwa mphesa ndi kowopsa, kokoma-bwino, kamakhala ndi zonunkhira pang'ono. Minofu imakhala yofooka, khungu lofewa ndi mafupa awiri ang'onoang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Madzi a mphesa ali ndi acetaldehyde. Pogwiritsa ntchito, ndi ofanana ndi formaldehyde, omwe ndi mankhwala owopsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa.
Mtengo wa zipatso
Pa 100 g ya mankhwalawa ndi 72 kcal.
Kuwonjezera apo, mphesa zili ndi (pa 100 g):
- mapuloteni - 0,6 g;
- mafuta - 0,6 g;
- Zakudya - 15.4 g;
- zakudya zowonjezera - 1.6 g;
- madzi - 80.5 g;
- shuga - 15.48 g;
- mafuta odzaza - 0.054 g;
- Fiber - 0.9 g;
- sodium, 2 mg;
- potaziyamu - 191 mg.
Phunzirani zambiri za malo a mphesa, mbewu za mphesa, masamba a mphesa, madzi a mphesa, viniga wa mphesa.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Mitengo ya mphesa Rombik imadziwika ndi:
- kusowa kwa cholesterol;
- mawonekedwe okongola;
- zokolola zambiri;
- Kupewa matenda omwe amakhudza mitundu ina;
- kusamba msanga;
- kukoma;
- transportability ndi maonekedwe okongola.
Zina mwa zolakwika za Rhombik ndi izi:
- nthenda ya matenda (ngakhale otsika);
- kufunika kokopera kwa nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Pokonzekera botolo limodzi la vinyo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphesa 600.
Kukula mphesa
Kuti mukule bwino izi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo odzala ndi kuwasamalira.
Tikufika
Taganizirani za kubzala kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Rombik m'nthawi yamadzulo (kuyambira pachiyambi cha October kufikira kuyamba kwa chisanu). Kwa ichi muyenera:
- Sankhani malo opanda dzuwa popanda zojambula.
- Kokani mabowo pansi pa mbande pa mtunda wa mamita awiri kuchokera mzake 50 cm mkati, ndikuyika chomera chachonde cha dziko kumbali.
- Ikani madzi okwanira pansi pa maenje.
- Thirani nthaka yachonde mu gawo lachiwiri losakaniza ndi feteleza (humus, mahatchi kapena ndowe) ndi phosphorous-potassium.
- Musanadzalemo mbande mu nthaka yokonzedwa, m'pofunika kudula mizu yawo ndi 2-3mm ndikuyika mbande m'madzi oyera kwa maola awiri. Pambuyo pake, mu dzenje mumayenera kupanga phulusa ndikubzala chitsamba chotsatira, ndikuwongolera mizu yake. Fukani mmera ndi nthaka, mosamala tamp ndi kutsanulira ndi madzi ofunda (20-30 malita pa chitsamba).
- Pambuyo pa izi, chomera chiyenera kuwaza ndi mulch: utuchi, udzu kapena masamba owuma. Ndibwino kuti muphimbe mbande m'nyengo yozizira ndi chophimba, monga agrofibre.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa chisanu, musaiwale kuchotsa chophimba pamphesa pa nthawi yake. Ngati ali wochuluka kwambiri, zipatso sizidzakupsa kapena kutha.
Zosamalira
N'zotheka kusamalira kalasi iyi. Dyetsani mphesa ndi nkhuku manyowa, manyowa, kompositi kuchokera ku zomera zowola. Zimathandiza kuthira mizu ndi boric asidi musanayambe maluwa komanso mutapeza zipatso zoyamba kucha. Izi zidzakuthandizani kulimbikitsa ovary wa chomera.
Mphesa zimafuna madzi okwanira pa nthawi yoyamba yakukula. Pambuyo pake, mafupipafupi ndi madzi okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa kotero kuti mphukira zikhoza kuima patsogolo pa chisanu choyamba.
Kudulira ndikofunikira kuti tibwezeretse chomera ndi tsogolo labwino. Izi zimachitika m'dzinja nthawi yisanayambe kuphimba mbewuzo m'nyengo yozizira. Ndipo m'chaka ayenera kudula mphukira chisanu m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! M'nthawi ya chilimwe, musaiwale kupanga staving ndi kuchotsa ofooka ndi opunduka mphukira.
Matenda ndi mayendedwe
Ngati mutasamalira bwino mphesazi, ali ndi mwayi wonse wathanzi komanso osadwala.
Koma komabe nthawi zambiri amatha kudwala matenda enaake.
- Mafuta a Mealy (oidium) - kuvulaza mbali yobiriwira ya mpesa. Masamba akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi maluwa oyera ndikuchotsa kununkhiza kosavuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo inflorescences akhoza kugwa. Muyenera kugula "Kvadris" kapena "Flint" ya fungicide ndi kuwawaza ndi mphesa m'mawa kapena madzulo pamaso pa maonekedwe a inflorescences.
- Mildew (downy mildew) - Bowa limene limakhudza mbali zonse za mbeu, kupatula mizu. Zimadziwika ngati mawonekedwe achikasu ndi ofiira. Masamba onse akhoza kugwa. Mankhwala monga Thanos adziwonetsera okha polimbana ndi mildew. Konzani njira yothetsera fungicide (4 g pa madzi okwanira 10 l) ndi kutsanulira mphesa katatu ndi nthawi ya masiku 8-12. Pofuna kupewa zochitika za bowa, zitsitsimutseni m'munda wamphesa, tulutsa udzu kuzungulira zomera, ndi kuchotsa masamba osagwa.
- Anthracnose (mphesa yamphesa) - Ndi matendawa, masamba amayamba kugwa, mabowo amapangidwa pa iwo, mawanga ofiira amawoneka pa zipatso, ndipo mano amawoneka pa iwo. Chomeracho chimaopsezedwa ndi imfa. Angathandizire kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa Bordeaux madzi (1%). Ndi bwino kuligwiritsa ntchito ngati prophylaxis 2-3 nthawi ya chilimwe.
Rombik mtundu wosakanizidwa wa Pavlovsky E.G. kusankha: kanema