Nkhumba ya Shipun, kapena ya Muscovy, ndi mbalame yodzala nyama, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'minda yolima. Kuwonjezera pa chakudya chokoma ndi chachifundo, imathandizanso kupereka mazira abwino, ngakhale kuti pazinthu izi sizinaberekedwe. Kodi ndizomwe zimakhala zodabwitsa ndi zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa pazowasamalira - werengani.
Kuyambira ndi kufalitsa
Ngakhalenso abakha a muscovy, komanso indoutki, ankawonekera paokha pa nthawi ya Aaztec. Patapita nthawi, iwo adatengedwa kuchoka ku South America kupita ku mayiko ena, kumene amatha kusudzulana nthawi yathu ino. Mu 1981, mipani inalowa mumzinda wa German Democratic Republic, ndipo mu 1988 anayamba kutumizidwa kuchokera ku France. 
Ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti mbalame zimatchedwa dzina lawo chifukwa chakuti zimatha kutulutsa mafuta kuchokera ku minofu (kununkhiza kwake kukufanana ndi kukongola kwa musk), ena amati amachokera ku mawu akuti Musisk, mayina a anthu a ku India omwe anaiwalika kale omwe ankakhala m'dera la masiku ano la Colombia .
Familiarize ndi mitundu Indo-stock kunyumba kuswana.
Kufotokozera za mitundu
Bulu la muscovy ndi mbalame yabwino, makamaka, ichi ndi chiwonetsero chomwe chimachokera ku kamodzi kokha. 
Ku Indo-abakha, mbali izi zikuyenera kuzidziwika:
- mutu waukulu wokhala ndi mphutsi yathyathyathya, korona wonyezimira (m'malo mwa phwangwa, nthenga zowonongeka), ndi maso akulu komanso ngakhale pamphuno lopindika, mtundu umene umadalira mtundu wa mphutsi;
- thupi lophwima ndi losakanikirana, ndi khosi lalifupi (limathamanga pang'ono pamunsi), chibokosi cholimba kwambiri ndi kumbuyo pang'ono, pafupi kumbuyo;
- mapiko - yaitali, okwera, ndi nthenga zambiri (zowonjezera kufika pamchira);
- Mchira wautali ndi wautali ukupitirira mzere wonyansa, womaliza kumapeto;
- miyendo yaying'ono yophimbidwa ndi nthenga, metatarsus ndi sing'anga, ndi nsonga zazifupi kuposa mitundu ina ya bakha.
Zoonadi, ma drakes a spines ndi aakulu kuposa azimayi, ndipo ndi kosavuta kuwazindikira ndi thupi lawo lamphamvu. Koma mtundu wa nthenga, nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda, yoyera, chokoleti kapena bulauni, ngakhale pali zosiyana. Pali lingaliro lakuti mtundu wosiyanasiyana umasonyeza chisakanizo cha miyala ndi ena, koma ngakhale panopa, njira zambiri zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro la "chizolowezi".
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale khosi laling'ono la abakha, liri ndi mavitenda ambiri a chiberekero kuposa thalala.
Chikhalidwe cha zokolola
Chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu kwa abakha a musk nthawi zambiri anabadwira nyama: Kulemera kwake kwa drama nthawi zambiri kumafikira 6 kg, ndipo bakha - 3.5 makilogalamu. Umphawi wokwanira wophera ndi miyezi 3-4, chifukwa pambuyo panthawiyi phindu lolemera la nyama ndilopanda phindu, ndipo mafuta okhawo amatha kudziunjikira. 
Indeootki amasiyananso zizindikiro zabwino za dzira. Inde, iwo akadali kutali ndi azungu wamba, koma inu mukhoza kupeza mazira 90-110 pachaka kuchokera kwa mkazi mmodzi (dzira loyamba likuwoneka ali ndi zaka 180-200). Kulemera kwake kwa dzira limodzi kumakhala pafupifupi 75 g.
Phunzirani zambiri za katundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabakha a dzira, komanso kudula nyama ya nyama.
Ubwino wa Mabomba Osalankhula
Zina mwa ubwino wa bakha la musk ndi izi:
- Ukhondo (nthawi zonse umawoneka bwino, ndipo ntchito yawo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makampani);
- chizolowezi chokhazikika (mbalame zimakhala mwakachetechete pakhomo ndipo usakhumudwitse mwiniwakeyo);
- maonekedwe okoma kwambiri a nyama (kawirikawiri chifukwa chaichi, akazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ali ndi mafuta ochepa, osasangalatsa komanso osasangalatsa nyama);
- kusadziletsa pa kulima, nkhokweyo ndi yosankha;
- chibadwa chabwino cha amayi;
- Dedza la chiwindi lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga chakudya chokoma chotchedwa foie gras.
Zovuta za Mute Ducks
Kulima minda kumakhala kocheperapo, kusiyana ndi kuwonjezera, ndi kumatenga kunyamula:
- kukula;
- kusagwirizana kwa chisokonezo ndi kuzizira;
- Kuthamanga kwa matenda pokhazikika mu zikhalidwe zapamwamba chinyezi.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene akudutsa abakha a musk omwe ali ndi mtundu wotchuka wotchuka wa Peking, obereketsa adalandira mtundu wosakanikirana womwe umadziwika ndi nthawi yochepa, kupuma mofulumira komanso kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira komanso yotentha.
Kubeletsa kumabwerera kunyumba
Mabakha a muscovy (spines) samafuna chidwi chochuluka, koma pa kukula kwawo ndi chitukuko chawo adakali ofunika kudziwa za mitundu yonse ya chakudya ndi chisamaliro. 
Zakudya zabwino ndi kudyetsa
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vuto la kudyetsa indoutok ndigwiritsire ntchito ming'oma ya zakudya, kuphatikizapo mbeu makumi asanu ndi limodzi (45%) ya mbewu zomwe zimabweretsa mbalame zosasintha, ndipo zina zonse zimasakanizidwa ndi masamba, mizu ndi mbewu za masamba.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kupatsa abakha chakudya chamadzulo kumadzulo, ndipo mugwiritseni ntchito mchere wambiri kuti mbalame izidye mumphindi 45: m'nyengo ya chilimwe, chakudya chamadzimadzi chimakhala chowawa kwambiri, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira chimakhala chosavuta komanso chimakhala chosayenera.
N'zotheka kukonzekera phala monga madzi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka ndi madzi otsala a gome. Zimathandizanso kuwonjezera zakudya za vitamini-mineral, ndipo nthawi zina mchere (amaimika mlingo wa sodium mu thupi la mbalame). 
Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Pankhaniyi, ndondomeko yowonjezereka yoperekera zakudya ndi yotsatira:
- Pa tsiku loyamba pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa abakha ang'onoang'ono, amadyetsa kawirikawiri, kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku. Pa gawo la chakudya, chisakanizo cha mazira ndi zakudya zosakaniza chidzachita, ndipo ngati anapiye sakufuna kudya, mungafunike kudyetsa iwo ndi manja.
- Kuyambira tsiku lachitatu la moyo, misala, kuphatikizapo masamba odulidwa, amayamba pang'ono kudya.
- Ndi ntchito yaikulu pamapeto pa sabata yoyamba ya moyo wa anyamata, ikhoza kumasulidwa kunja, koma nyengo yabwino. Zimathandizanso kuti mukhale ndi mavitamini othandizira mavitamini (ogulitsidwa m'masitolo owona za Zanyama zam'mbuyo), zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wokwanira.
- Kuyambira pa masabata awiri, zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwira ku menyu yazitsamba zazing'ono: mbatata zophika, zopangidwa ndi nyama zabwino kwambiri.
- Madzi omwe ali m'nyumba omwe ali ndi tizilombo tochepa amafunika kusintha kangapo patsiku ndikusunga firiji.
Werengani komanso zokhudzana ndi kuswana musk abakha awo nyengo ya kanyumba: makulitsidwe kunyumba, kusamalira, kusamalira ndi kudyetsa indoutiat.
Muscovy abakha ali pafupifupi omnivorous, koma chimanga amakhalabe ankakonda chakudya. Dyetsani mbalame zazing'ono zitha kukhala masamba atsopano a kabichi, keke yothira, nyemba zobiriwira, nsonga za beet komanso zinyalala zakhitchini. Mkate ndi bwino kuti asapereke, ndipo mbatata zophika sizikhoza kutenga 20 peresenti ya kuchuluka kwa chakudya chopangidwa.
Video: Musk Duck Zakudya
Ndikofunikira! Pa nthawi iliyonse ya chaka chachakudya chachakudya ndi zakumwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa ku zakudya za indoutok.
Kusamalira mbalame
Chisamaliro cha Indoot sichingatchedwe ntchito yovuta kwambiri, koma popanda kudziwa pano sikokwanira.
Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri ndizo:
- Kuyeretsa nyumba ndi malo oyenda. Mosiyana ndi nkhuku, abakha samatcha, ndi kupondaponda zowonjezereka kwambiri, kotero chakudya ndi zinyenyeswazi zimatha kusakanikirana. Mukakhala mkati mwa thupi, kusakaniza koteroko kungayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana a mbalame, omwe, ndithudi, ndi osafunika kwambiri. Nthawi zonse kuchotsa choyalacho chimadalira chiwerengero cha ziweto ndi kukula kwa chipinda, koma mulimonsemo, kuyeretsa kumachitika kamodzi pa masiku awiri.
- Kuyenda. Kuti anthu akhale ndi moyo wabwino, amafunika kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ndi yokwanira tsiku lonse. Mbalame zimathamangira m'mawa ndi madzulo, kotero mukhoza kuzilola kutuluka 10 koloko m'mawa ndikuzitenga dzuwa litalowa. Ngati simukufuna kuti spikes zisunthere pabwalo, mukhoza kuzimanga ndi ukonde, madzi okha ndi chakudya chouma ayenera kukhala mkati. Zimathandizanso kukonza "mitsinje" yamphongo polemba minda yaing'ono kapena poika matanki a madzi. Madzi m'matangi awa ayenera kusinthidwa.
- Katemera. Nkhumba nthawi zina zimakhala ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi ndipo zimafa posachedwa. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuchiza matendawa, koma katemera wa panthawi yake wathanzi kumathandiza kupewa chitukuko. Katemera waperekedwa kawiri: mu sabata lachinayi ndi lachisanu ndi chitatu la moyo wa mbalame, mwa jekeseni wodutsa. Pakabereka m'madera osauka, katemera amayamba ndi sabata lachitatu la moyo wa ducklings, ndipo revaccination imachitika patapita milungu iwiri kapena itatu.
- Kusintha kwa madzi nthawi yake ndi kuyeretsa kwa zatsalira zakudya. Kudzikonda kwakhala nthawi zonse wathanzi, koma kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo chawo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ubwino wa zomwe amadya.
- Kufufuza mbalame nthawi zonse komanso kudzipatula kwa anthu odwala nthawi yake. Ngati bakha amakana kudya ndikuwoneka kuti ndi opusa, ndibwino kuti muyiike ku malo oyandikana nawo, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, muyenela kuchilandira.
Mukudziwa? Amakhaka aakazi okha amatha, ndipo mowa wa mitundu yambiri samapanga phokoso kulikonse.
Zomwe amangidwa
- Mwinamwake chipinda chirichonse chidzakhala choyenera kugwira indoutok, kutentha komwe kumatha kukhala nthawi zonse mkatikati mwa +16 ° C, ndipo chinyezi sichingapitirire 60-70% (kwa nkhuku zing'onozing'ono zowonjezera kutentha zidzakwera pang'ono). Ukulu wa bakha ayenera kufanana ndi chiwerengero cha mapiritsi (pa 1 sq. M osadya mbalame zitatu).
- Pogwiritsa ntchito chipinda chamkati mwa chipinda, pansi ndi zinyalala zomwe zili mmenemo zimayenera kusamala kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ntchito yowonjezera, udzu ndi wangwiro, ndipo kuti usadetsedwe, nyengo yoyamba yozizira idzafunika kukonzekera kutentha m'nyumba.
- Kumalo odyetsa kapena kutentha kwambiri, ndizomveka kuphimba pansi ndi gridi, ndi maselo a 24x24 kapena 24x30 mm. Odyetsa omwe amaikidwa m'nyumba ya bakha ayenera kukhala ndi magawo kuti mabalawo asabalalitse chakudya. Kumwa zakumwa, ngati n'kotheka, zimakhala bwino pamtambo, koma kuti mbalame zitha kumwa mowa komanso zisamamwe madzi.
- Pofuna kugona ndi kuika mazira m'nyumba, zisa zimapangidwa kukula kwa 40x50 cm ndi kutalika kwa 8-10 masentimita. Malowa adzakhala okwanira kwa anthu awiri.
- Kutalika kwa kuwala kwa masana pamene zomwe zili mumphuno ziyenera kukhala mkati mwa maola 14, kotero mu nthawi yozizira uyenera kuunikira chipinda (mababu a magetsi pamtunda wa 5 W pa 1 sq. M ya dera idzayenera).
- Mukamakolola nkhuku pa mafakitale, muyenera kusamalira machitidwe abwino a mpweya wabwino, pamene mukubzala abakha ang'onoang'ono panyumba, kokwanira kubweretsa nyumbayo nthawi zonse (koma popanda ma drafts).
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa chotha kuuluka, pokonzekera kuyenda kwa abakha a musk, ndi bwino kutambasula ukonde pamwamba pa mpanda kapena kudula nthenga za mbalame ku mbalame, kuchotsa kuthekera kwa kuthawa.
Video: Musk Duck Ubwino
Musk Duck Reviews
Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwa mitsempha ku zikhalidwe za kundende ndi kusamalidwa, alimi amkuta amatha kubereketsa, atagwiritsira ntchito pang'ono pokha. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, izi ndizomwe zimawoneka bwino pochita zokolola, kotero ndizomveka kuti mudziwe bwino kwambiri maonekedwe ake ndi makhalidwe ake.
