Swans amasonyeza kudzipereka kwachidziwitso. Osati pachabe: atapeza anthu awiri, akhala okhulupirika kwa wina ndi mzake miyoyo yawo yonse. Komanso, iwo ndi makolo abwino.
Kubweretsa ana, banja lokwatirana pamodzi limasamalira ana awo mpaka atakula. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino mbalame zokongola izi: momwe amamangira banja lawo ndi kulera achinyamata.
Dzina lake la chigole
Ana a Swan amatchedwa mosiyana, koma osati maina onse ali olondola. Goose, bakha, nkhuku - maina osayenera. Nkhatazi ndi, wachibale wa abakha ndi atsekwe, koma ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi iwo. Dikishonale ya Dahl imapereka "mtundu wa galu", ndi Ozhegova - "swan" mumodzi, "swan" - ambiri. Sizingakhale kulakwitsa kuwatcha "anapiye" ndi "ana".
Pamene nkhumba zimathamangitsa anapiye
Mudziko muli mitundu 7 yokha ya swans. Ndipo zonsezi ndi mbalame zokhazokha: amapeza wokondedwa mmodzi kuti azikhala pamodzi ndipo samasintha chaka chilichonse. Mwamuna ndi mkazi wake samatha "kusudzulana" ndipo amapatsa anapiye pachaka pamodzi. 
Mkazi wina atamwalira, mkazi wamasiyeyo amadzipeza kuti ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi wake watsopano. Ngati ngozi imachitika pakamwa mazira, ndiye kuti kholo laumasiye likuchita yekha. Amakhala ndi ana ake mpaka atakula.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yochezera
Malingana ndi malowa, mitundu yonse ya swans ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri - kumpoto ndi kumwera. Mitundu ya kumpoto yomwe ikukhala ku Eurasia ndi North America imayamba nyengo yochezera nthawi yomweyo itatha kubwerera kwawo kuchokera ku nyengo yozizira, yomwe ndi mwezi wa March kapena April. Izi zikuphatikizanso ndi Ooperative, Mute Swan, Trumpeter, American Swan ndi Tundra. Gulu la kumwera liri ndi ndondomeko yosiyana.
Phunzirani zambiri za mtundu wa swans, komanso mbalame zambiri zomwe zimakhala m'chilengedwe komanso kunyumba.
Mbalame yamtundu wakuda imakhala ku South America. Amakwatirana kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, kuyambira mu Julayi ndikutheka mu November. Nyenyezi yakuda yaku Australia ikufuna kuyamba banja ndi kukhala ndi ana m'nyengo yamvula. Choncho, malingana ndi dera, nthawi yaukwati ya zokongola zakuda imakhala kuyambira February mpaka August. 
N'zosangalatsa kuwonerera masewera achikondi, kapena kukumbatira, mbalame zokongola izi. Chokongola kwambiri ndi kuvina kwaukwati kwa mitsempha, pomwe okondedwa amazunguliza madzi, kusakaniza mabere, kuthira mitu yawo m'madzi, kupotoza makosi awo mwaulemu, ndipo, kugwirana mokhoma wina ndi mzake, amapanga makosi awo okoma. Ndizodabwitsa kuti, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yomwe "kuvina" pamadzi, tundra swan imakonza zowonetsera kusanayambe wosankhidwayo pa nthaka.
Mukudziwa? A swans of Black ali ndi ukwati womwewo wa amuna awiri. Mazira atakonzedwa, mkaziyo amachotsedwa pa chisa. Kuphunzitsa ana kumakhudza "abambo".
Kudula ndi kuchotsa
Chisa cha Swan ndi mulu waukulu wa mamita 0,6-1 mamita ndi 2-4 mamita awiri. Zomangamanga ndi udzu, nthambi, bango ndi zomera zina zilizonse. Ntchito yomanga nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito yazimayi. Amamanga chisa cha banja kumtunda kwa gombe pafupi ndi madzi kapena pamadzi. Tundra swans ndi osiyana poti amakonza nyumba zawo pamtunda wapamwamba. Asanayambe kuika mazira, nyumba yosungiramo nyumbayi imasungidwa ndi madzi. 
Kuthamanga kumapita m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina abwenzi amasinthasintha kutenga mazira (wakuda ndi tundra). Nthawi zina mkazi amadzimangiriza yekha, ndipo bambo wa banja ali pafupi nthawi ino ndipo amatetezera chisa ndi dera loyandikana ndi alendo.
Werengani momwe nkhumba zimakhalira zisa.
Panthawiyi, amuna amayamba kukalipa ndikuukira aliyense amene akuyendetsa katundu wawo. 
Pambuyo masiku 14-20, mkazi amaika mazira ndikuchita pang'onopang'ono. Malingana ndi zamoyo ndi zaka za mbalame zomwe zimakhala mu kabati, zimatha kuchokera ku dzira limodzi (ngati ndilo nthawi yoyamba) mpaka 10. Mazira nthawi zambiri amajambulidwa mu mitundu yoteteza (yobiriwira, yachikasu, yofiira), moyera - moyera. Nthawi yosakaniza imatenga masiku 30 mpaka 40-50. Kuthamanga kungatheke pang'onopang'ono ndi nthawi ya masiku 1-3.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa kubzala kwa swans, chete ndikofunika kwambiri. Ngati malowa ali phokoso kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku zinyama zambiri, sangathe ngakhale kuzungulira.
Kodi nkhuku ikuwoneka bwanji?
Mbalame zazikulu za mitundu yosiyana zimasiyana ndi mtundu wambiri. Zili zoyera, zakuda ndi zakuda ndi zoyera. Koma nkhumba za mitundu yonse zimawoneka mofanana. Iwo amavala zovala zovala zoyera, zofiira komanso zofiirira. Chifukwa cha mtundu wotsika wa anapiye, ndi kosavuta kuti makolo azibisala kwa adani. Nthenga zoyambirira za achinyamata a swans amapezanso mtundu woteteza. Ndi nthenga za mtundu wa "wamkulu", anawo adzaphimbidwa pokhapokha ngati akuyamba kutha msinkhu ali ndi zaka zitatu (asanamwalire kuthawa). 
Kulerera anapiye
Osati amayi okha, komanso abambo abambo amayamba kubereka anapiye. Ngati imfa ya mmodzi wa iwo, kholo lokhalokha likhoza kuthana ndi vutoli. Ndizosangalatsa kuona momwe awiri a swans wakuda amagawira udindo wa makolo. Nestlings amathamanga mkati mwa masiku angapo. Pamene amayi akukhala pa mazira otsala m'chisa, bambo nthawiyi amabweretsa okalamba kumadzi.
Zofunikira
Mu ukapolo, nkhumba zimatulutsidwa. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo amafunika kukhazikitsa zinthu pafupi ndi chilengedwe. Zofunikira:
- malo akuluakulu okhala ndi aviary: makamaka dziwe lachilengedwe (koma osati dziwe), limene m'mphepete mwa nyanja mumakhala mofulumira ndipo muli ndi zomera;
- chisa chonse chomwe banja lonse limagwirizana: mungathe kupereka zipangizo (gulu la zomera zosiyana), ndipo mbalame zokha zidzamanga;
- Ndikofunika kuti makolo onse awiri, omwe anapiye amalekanitsidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira.
Ngati banja lachibwibwi siliuluka pa nyengo yozizira, muyenera kukonzekera nyumba yozizira, yomwe ziweto zonse zidzabisala mvula, chisanu ndi chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Swans ayenera kusambira m'chilimwe ndi m'nyengo yozizira. Pofuna kuteteza dziwe kuti likhale lozizizira m'nyengo yozizira, liyenera kukhala ndi compressor yomwe imathandiza kuti madzi aziyenda mosalekeza..
Zimene mungadyetse swans wamng'ono
Ana "oyang'ana" oyambirira amachita mumadzi ndipo amayamba kupeza chakudya chawo:
- masamba: duckweed, aang'ono algae;
- zinyama: mphutsi za tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, mwachangu, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timakhala pansi pa dziwe.
Kusakasaka chakudya kumachitika pafupi ndi gombe, m'madzi osaya, kumene nkhumba zimatha kudziwulukira paokha. 
Muzochitika zapakhomo, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mndandanda wa tsogolo la swans ndi makolo awo ali osiyanasiyana ndi oyenera. Menyu iyenera kukhala:
- Kudyetsa nyama: nyama yophika, mazira owiritsa, moss, fupa, fupa, zakudya za mkaka;
- chomera chomera: udzu, udzu wosakaniza, chimanga (mapira, mapira, chimanga), ndiwo zamasamba (kabichi, kaloti, letesi), zamasamba.
Kodi maphunzirowa ndi otani?
Kulera ndi maphunziro kumaphatikizapo makolo. Kwa miyezi 5-6 yoyamba, swans sizimachotsedwa. Amayi ndi abambo pamodzi amasamalira ana, athandize kupeza chakudya, kuteteza ku mbalame zamphongo ndi zinyama. Njira yophunzirira imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi swans lonse ndi chitsanzo chake. Maluso omwe banja limaphunzitsa ana awo:
- kusambira kuikidwa pamsinkhu: Pakangotha kubadwa, makanda, kutsatira kholo, kulowerera m'madzi ndikukumva ngati "nsomba m'madzi", pamene nkhungu yakuda imateteza madzi ozizira;
- kupeza chakudya: Kuwona momwe mayi amachepetsera khosi lake lalitali kulowa mmadzi ndikuchotsa chinachake chokoma, nkhumba zimabwereza pambuyo pake, kumayenda pansi pa madzi ndikupeza mtundu wina wa mankhwala pansi pa madzi osaya;
- ndege: Nkhumba zimatha kuthawa pokhapokha choyamba chimatuluka (pansi chimachotsedwa ndi nthenga), ndiye zatha kukonzekera maulendo a nyengo kwa makolo awo.
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuona chithunzi: Kusambira kumasambira, ndipo kumbuyo kwake pakati pa mapiko ake ana ake onse ayamba. Pamapiko abwinowa komanso odalirika "sitimayo" imatha kutenthetsa ndi kumasuka pambuyo poti amasambira.
Kodi molting achinyamata bwanji
Kutsuka kumachitika mu magawo awiri:
- Kusintha kwa nthenga ndi "nthenga" kumakhala wofiira kwambiri, pambuyo pake achinyamata amayamba kuwuluka.
- Mphungu "yachinyamata" imalowetsedwa ndi "wamkulu" ali ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa mitundu.
Mitundu yoyamba yamtundu uliwonse imapezeka nthawi zosiyanasiyana:
- nsomba zazing'ono kapena zazing'ono kuposa nsomba zina (m'masiku 45-50): izi zimakhala chifukwa cha nyengo yochepa ya kumpoto, yomwe imayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yokonzekera ulendo wautali;
- nkhono za nkhono zakuda pa miyezi itatu;
- ana a spikelet amavala nthenga pamasiku a 100-120, kenako amatha kulekanitsidwa ndi makolo awo;
- Achinyamata akuda amasintha mpaka nthenga ku miyezi 5-6.
Pamene nkhuku ikhoza kutchedwa swan yaikulu
Nthawi yachiwiri mbalamezi zimangokhala m'chaka chachitatu kapena chachinai cha moyo wawo. Pakutha, mvula yakuda yakuyera kapena yakuda imabwera m'malo mwa nthenga za imvi. Kusintha kwa kunja kumakhudzana ndi kutha msinkhu komanso kufunitsitsa kukhazikitsa banja lanu. A swans ena akuyang'ana bwenzi lomanga nalo kusanayambe kusamuka, ena amapanga awiri atathawa, kumalo osungirako malo.
Dziwani zochitika za kuswana nkhumba kunyumba.
Ng'ombe ndi mbalame zokongola kwambiri. Palibe zodabwitsa kuti iwo akuimbidwa mu ndakatulo ndi nyimbo. Koma moyo wawo wa tsiku ndi tsiku si wachikondi kwambiri. Kwa zaka makumi ambiri tsopano, nkhumba za mtundu wa swans zidalembedwa pakati pa zamoyo zowopsya mu Red Books za mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mbalame zachikondi zimasowa zosowa za anthu.
