Malingana ndi zojambula zakale ndi zojambulajambula, pakati pa nyama zoyamba zomwe anthu ankakonda kuzigwiritsa ntchito zinali njuchi, zosiyana ndi mphamvu zazikulu ndi kukula kwakukulu. Kuyambira kale, iwo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito polima munda monga mphamvu yolowera kunja, ndipo amadya nyama ndi mkaka wawo.
Lero, njuchi yamadzi ya ku Asia (Indian) ikhoza kutchedwa woimira woimira mitundu iyi. Ngati simudziwa kanthu za chimphona ichi, ndiye nkhaniyi yapangidwa kuti ikufotokozereni.
Maonekedwe
Njuchi yamadzi ya ku Asia ndi membala wokhudzana ndi ana a ng'ombe zamphongo, ndipo moyenerera ndi imodzi mwa zinyama zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nyama yamphamvuyi m'chilengedwechi ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zoposa 25 ndipo ili ndi zotsatirazi:
- kulemera kwake - kuchokera 900 kg kufika 1 t 600 kg;
- kutalika kwafota - pafupifupi mamita 2;
- mazira - 3-4 mamita (kwa akazi pang'ono);
- thumba;
- kusudzulana kumbali ndi kumbuyo kumbuyo, nyanga, nyanga zodula, kufika mamita awiri mu nthawi;
- Nyanga za nyanga ndizochepa, molunjika;
- miyendo - mkulu, mpaka 90 cm;
- mchira - wamphamvu ndi wamphamvu, utali wa 50-60 cm;
- utoto wakuda, wonyezimira.
Mukudziwa? M'mayiko osiyana, njati yamadzi imasamalidwa mosiyana: mu Muslim Turkey, ng'ombe yamadzi imawerengedwa ngati nyama yonyansa, ndipo mu mafuko achimwenye kumeneko imatengedwa kuti ndiumulungu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka nsembe.
Ndi wamkulu ndani: njuchi zamadzi kapena African
Ng'ombe ina yaikulu ndi yamphamvu ndi Africa, yomwe si yocheperapo ndi chizungu cha Asia:
- mwapang'ono pang'ono - 180 masentimita atafota;
- kulemera - kufika 1300 makilogalamu;
- kuchuluka kwa nyanga ndi masentimita 190.
Komabe, mwa kupirira ndi chiwawa, ali ofanana kwambiri ndipo akhoza kudziyimira okha, osadziimitsa okha pamaso pa ziweto zazikulu, monga mikango ndi tigulu, kapena pamaso pa munthu.Mbale wapamtima wa njati ndi ng'ombe. Pezani zomwe nyanga zamphongo zili nazo komanso momwe nyanga zamphongo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito monga chidebe chakumwa.
Malo ogawidwa ndi malo
Dzina lakuti "Indian" ndi "Asia" limapereka mgwirizano wa njati. Zinyama zazikuluzikuluzi zimapezeka m'madera otsatirawa:
- ku Ceylon,
- m'madera ena a India,
- ku Thailand,
- Bhutan
- Indonesia,
- Nepal,
- Cambodia
- Laos.
Ng'ombe zamadzi zimapezekanso m'makontinenti a ku Ulaya ndi a Australia. Anthu apakhomo amakhala ochuluka kwambiri ndipo amamera bwino ku ukapolo chifukwa chodzipatula ku zochitika zakutchire.
Ndikofunikira! Mu ulimi, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa a madzi monga feteleza wochuluka mu zakudya ndi mchere. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kumathandiza kuti ziphuphu zowonongeka mofulumira mu malo okhala nyamazi.
Moyo, mkwiyo ndi zizoloŵezi
Ngakhale kuti ali ndi mphamvu ndi mphamvu, njuchi ndizosamala ndi zanzeru ndipo zimapewa kukhudzana ndi anthu. Ngati midzi ya anthu ili pafupi, ng'ombe zimasintha njira yawo ya moyo mpaka usiku. Dzina "njati yamadzi" palokha likunena za malo awo. Nazi zina mwazochita zawo:
- Ambiri mwa moyo wake ng'ombe imatuluka m'madzi, omwe ndi mbadwa zake: m'mitsinje, m'madzi, m'madzi, m'madziwe. Ng'ombeyo imakonda kumira m'madzi, imangokhala mutu ndi nyanga zake zazikulu pamwamba. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yopulumukira kutentha ndi mafinya.
- Pa nthaka, imakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zobiriwira komanso zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala zochepa, popanda mitengo yambiri, kumene matupi amadzi ali pafupi.
- Kumalo otseguka, nyama siziwoneka, koma kufunafuna chakudya.
- M'mapiri, njuchi zimatha kukwera mamita oposa 2500.
- Nyama amakhala m'mbuzi za 10-12 mitu: 1-2 amuna, 4-6 akazi ndi ana ndi wamkulu achinyamata. N'zotheka kuphatikiza ziweto za mabanja m'magulu akuluakulu.
- Mutu wa gululi ndi kalembekale kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino: Pa nthawi yomwe amatha kutsogolera kapena kutsogolo.
- Mtsogoleri wamkazi amachenjeza gulu la nkhuku za kuopseza kozizira, pambuyo pake ma ward ake ayenera kuyima ndi kuyima.
- Pambuyo pa ngoziyi, njuchi zidzakonzekera nkhondo, koma sizidzayambanso kumenyana: Zimatenga nyama zina mwamtendere ndipo sizikufuna kukalowa mumtsutso, koma zimakonda kunyamuka kupita kumtunda.
- Ngati mkanganoyo sungapeweke, ndiye kuti ng'ombe ikhoza kumenyana ndi mlendo wosavomerezedwa mwachindunji: poyesa nyanga imodzi, amatha kuponyera mdani kutali kwambiri.
- Ng'ombe za okalamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati zitsamba chifukwa chakuti msinkhu wawo umakhala wofooka kwambiri ndipo amakhala okhwima kuposa achinyamata. Nthaŵi zina pakhala pali milandu ya njoka yokalamba yomwe imayambitsa anthu.
Ndikofunikira! Palibe chifukwa choti munthu aziyandikira njati ndi mwana wa ng'ombe pafupi kwambiri: poyamba, amayi amakhala osamala ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka kuteteza mwana wake.
Kodi njuchi zimadya chiyani kuthengo?
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, madzi osungira madzi amathandiza njuchi kuti zipirire kutentha, zimakhalanso chakudya chawo: chakudya cha 70% cha njuchi chili m'madzi, ena onse ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zakudya zodyetsera madzi zikuphatikizapo:
- udzu ndi minda;
- masamba;
- mphukira zazing'ono;
- zitsamba;
- shrub amadyera;
- algae;
- udzu wamadontho.
Kuswana
M'munsimu timapereka zokhudzana ndi mfundo za kubalana kwa njuchi zaku Asia:
- Ng'ombe ya Chimwenye mu malo ake okhalamo alibe nyengo yeniyeni yophunzitsira ndi calving. Koma nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumapeto kwa autumn mpaka pakati pa masika (November-April). Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nyama zimakhala ndi nyengo yotentha ndipo zimatha kutenga pakati pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
- Nyama zogonana zimabwera zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
- Pakati pa nthawiyi, anyamata osakwatiwa amapanga gulu laling'ono. Amuna amapanga mfuu mokweza, mofanana ndi kubangula kwa nswala, zomwe zimamveka mkati mwa makilomita awiri kapena awiri.
- Amuna amakonzekera mikangano, pomwe amasonyeza mphamvu zawo, koma osati kuvulaza kwambiri.
- Mayi wokonzeka kubereka amafalitsa fungo lapadera lomwe limakopeka amuna ndipo amawapatsa chizindikiro chokwatira. Zitatha izi, zimaperekedwa ndi mwamuna yemwe wapindula.
- Mimba yamadzi imakhala kwa miyezi 9-10.
- Pomwe akuyamba kugwira ntchito, njuchiyo imachoka kumtunda, ndipo awiri pamodzi ndi mwanayo amabwerera ku ziweto.
- Kawirikawiri, mkazi ali ndi mwana wa ng'ombe wofiira ndi wolemera wolemera makilogalamu 40 mpaka 50, omwe amaika mosamala ndi kunyamula miyendo.
- Ng'ombeyo ili ndi amayi kwa miyezi 6 mpaka 9, nthawi yonseyi idyetsa mkaka wake. Kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, mwana amasintha pang'ono kudyetsa yekha, ngakhale amayi akupitiriza kumudyetsa mpaka atakwanitsa zaka chimodzi.
- Pa zaka zitatu, ng'ombe zamphongo zimasungidwa m'busa, ndipo pambuyo pake zimakhazikitsa ziweto zawo. Azimayi amakhalabe m'gulu la abambo kuti akhale ndi moyo.
- Mkazi aliyense amatha kukhazikika kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri.
Mukudziwa? Mkaka wa buffalo umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera tchire choyambirira cha Italian mozzarella tchizi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi chisungidwe
Masiku ano, mbali zambiri, njuchi zamadzi zimakhala m'madera otetezedwa ndi anthu. Ku India, malo okhala ndi ng'ombe zakutchire amamangiriridwa kwathunthu kumapaki a dziko lonse (mwachitsanzo, Kaziranga National Park ku Assam), kumene kusaka kuli kolamulidwa. Zinthu zofananazi zachitika pachilumba cha Ceylon. M'mayiko a Bhutan ndi Nepal, chiwerengero ndi chiwerengero cha ng'ombe ya ku India ikucheperachepera. Chifukwa cha izi - kuchepetsa malo a chilengedwe chifukwa cha ntchito za anthu. Chinthu china choopsya kuti kulibe njuchi zamadzi ndikumangokhalira kuwoloka ndi anzawo, zomwe zimayambitsa kutaya kwa majini. 
Pomalizira, timatsindika kuti masiku ano anthu a zinyama zokongolazi amatetezedwa chifukwa cha kubereka kwawo bwino komanso kusamalira anthu.
